Skip to main content
Top

2022 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

9. Schouder

Auteur : Prof. dr. A. Cools

Gepubliceerd in: Geriatrie in de fysiotherapie en kinesitherapie - praktijk

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Samenvatting

Schouderpijn in de oudere populatie is vaak te wijten aan een atraumatische degeneratieve rotatorcuff (RC)-scheur. Klachten op basis van een RC-scheur worden gekenmerkt door pijn in de anterolaterale regio van de schouder, bewegingsbeperking bij elevatie, pijnlijke weerstandsexorotatie en nachtelijke pijn. Het is bij de behandelkeuze ook belangrijk om de actualiteit van de klacht te achterhalen. De algemene tendens is om deze patiënten te behandelen met een oefenprogramma alvorens een chirurgische ingreep te overwegen. De oefentherapeutische aanpak bestaat uit oefeningen waarbij het accent ligt op het verbeteren (in range of motion (ROM) en in kracht) van de elevatie boven schouderhoogte met een minimale belasting (spieractiviteit) op de RC. De oefeningen die het meest aan deze voorwaarde voldoen zijn enerzijds geslotenketenoefeningen zonder belasting van het lichaamsgewicht op de schouders en anderzijds openketenoefeningen waarbij de externe weerstand een compressie geeft in het gewricht.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Edwards, P., et al. (2016). Exercise rehabilitation in the non-operative management of rotator cuff tears: A review of the literature. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 11(2), 279–301.PubMedPubMedCentral Edwards, P., et al. (2016). Exercise rehabilitation in the non-operative management of rotator cuff tears: A review of the literature. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 11(2), 279–301.PubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Minagawa, H., et al. (2013). Prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic rotator cuff tears in the general population: From mass-screening in one village. Journal of Orthopaedics, 10(1), 8–12.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Minagawa, H., et al. (2013). Prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic rotator cuff tears in the general population: From mass-screening in one village. Journal of Orthopaedics, 10(1), 8–12.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Al-Hakim, W., Noorani, A., & Lambert, S. (2015). Assessment and treatment strategies for rotator cuff tears. Shoulder & Elbow, 7(2), 76–84.CrossRef Al-Hakim, W., Noorani, A., & Lambert, S. (2015). Assessment and treatment strategies for rotator cuff tears. Shoulder & Elbow, 7(2), 76–84.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Teunis, T., et al. (2014). A systematic review and pooled analysis of the prevalence of rotator cuff disease with increasing age. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 23(12), 1913–1921.CrossRefPubMed Teunis, T., et al. (2014). A systematic review and pooled analysis of the prevalence of rotator cuff disease with increasing age. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 23(12), 1913–1921.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Chaudhury, S., & Carr, A. J. (2012). Lessons we can learn from gene expression patterns in rotator cuff tears and tendinopathies. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 21(2), 191–199.CrossRefPubMed Chaudhury, S., & Carr, A. J. (2012). Lessons we can learn from gene expression patterns in rotator cuff tears and tendinopathies. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 21(2), 191–199.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Harvie, P., et al. (2004). Genetic influences in the aetiology of tears of the rotator cuff. Sibling risk of a full-thickness tear. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 86(5), 696–700. Harvie, P., et al. (2004). Genetic influences in the aetiology of tears of the rotator cuff. Sibling risk of a full-thickness tear. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 86(5), 696–700.
7.
go back to reference Grusky, A. Z., et al. (2021). Factors associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears: the rotator cuff outcomes workgroup cohort study. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 100(4), 331–336.CrossRef Grusky, A. Z., et al. (2021). Factors associated with symptomatic rotator cuff tears: the rotator cuff outcomes workgroup cohort study. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 100(4), 331–336.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Keener, J. D., et al. (2017). Shoulder activity level and progression of degenerative cuff disease. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 26(9), 1500–1507.CrossRefPubMed Keener, J. D., et al. (2017). Shoulder activity level and progression of degenerative cuff disease. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 26(9), 1500–1507.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Burkhart, S. S., Esch, J. C., & Jolson, R. S. (1993). The rotator crescent and rotator cable: An anatomic description of the shoulder’s “suspension bridge.” Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 9(6), 611–616.CrossRef Burkhart, S. S., Esch, J. C., & Jolson, R. S. (1993). The rotator crescent and rotator cable: An anatomic description of the shoulder’s “suspension bridge.” Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery: Official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 9(6), 611–616.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Matthewson, G., et al. (2015). Partial thickness rotator cuff tears: Current concepts. Advances in Orthopedics. p. 458786. Matthewson, G., et al. (2015). Partial thickness rotator cuff tears: Current concepts. Advances in Orthopedics. p. 458786.
11.
go back to reference Payne, L. Z., et al. (1997). Arthroscopic treatment of partial rotator cuff tears in young athletes. A preliminary report. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(3), 299–305. Payne, L. Z., et al. (1997). Arthroscopic treatment of partial rotator cuff tears in young athletes. A preliminary report. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(3), 299–305.
12.
go back to reference Lewis, J. (2016). Rotator cuff related shoulder pain: Assessment, management and uncertainties. Manual Therapy, 23, 57–68.CrossRefPubMed Lewis, J. (2016). Rotator cuff related shoulder pain: Assessment, management and uncertainties. Manual Therapy, 23, 57–68.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Litaker, D., et al. (2000). Returning to the bedside: Using the history and physical examination to identify rotator cuff tears. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 48(12), 1633–1637.CrossRefPubMed Litaker, D., et al. (2000). Returning to the bedside: Using the history and physical examination to identify rotator cuff tears. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 48(12), 1633–1637.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Park, H. B., et al. (2005). Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the different degrees of subacromial impingement syndrome. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 87(7), 1446–1455. Park, H. B., et al. (2005). Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the different degrees of subacromial impingement syndrome. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 87(7), 1446–1455.
15.
go back to reference Cools, A. M., Cambier, D., & Witvrouw, E. E. (2008). Screening the athlete’s shoulder for impingement symptoms: A clinical reasoning algorithm for early detection of shoulder pathology. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(8), 628–635.CrossRefPubMed Cools, A. M., Cambier, D., & Witvrouw, E. E. (2008). Screening the athlete’s shoulder for impingement symptoms: A clinical reasoning algorithm for early detection of shoulder pathology. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(8), 628–635.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Michener, L. A., et al. (2009). Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of 5 physical examination tests and combination of tests for subacromial impingement. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 90(11), 1898–1903.CrossRefPubMed Michener, L. A., et al. (2009). Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of 5 physical examination tests and combination of tests for subacromial impingement. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 90(11), 1898–1903.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Jain, N. B., et al. (2017). The diagnostic accuracy of special tests for rotator cuff tear: The ROW Cohort Study. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 96(3), 176–183.CrossRef Jain, N. B., et al. (2017). The diagnostic accuracy of special tests for rotator cuff tear: The ROW Cohort Study. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation, 96(3), 176–183.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Sgroi, M., et al. (2019). Diagnostic Value of Clinical Tests for Infraspinatus Tendon Tears. Arthroscopy: The journal of arthroscopic & related surgery: Official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 35(5), 1339–1347.CrossRef Sgroi, M., et al. (2019). Diagnostic Value of Clinical Tests for Infraspinatus Tendon Tears. Arthroscopy: The journal of arthroscopic & related surgery: Official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association, 35(5), 1339–1347.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Hegedus, E. J., et al. (2012). Which physical examination tests provide clinicians with the most value when examining the shoulder? Update of a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual tests. British journal of sports medicine, 46(14), 964–978.CrossRefPubMed Hegedus, E. J., et al. (2012). Which physical examination tests provide clinicians with the most value when examining the shoulder? Update of a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual tests. British journal of sports medicine, 46(14), 964–978.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Hegedus, E. J., et al. (2015). Combining orthopedic special tests to improve diagnosis of shoulder pathology. Physical therapy in sport: Official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine, 16(2), 87–92.CrossRef Hegedus, E. J., et al. (2015). Combining orthopedic special tests to improve diagnosis of shoulder pathology. Physical therapy in sport: Official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine, 16(2), 87–92.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference McClure, P. W., & Michener, L. A. (2015). Staged Approach for Rehabilitation Classification: Shoulder Disorders (STAR-Shoulder). Physical Therapy, 95(5), 791–800.CrossRefPubMed McClure, P. W., & Michener, L. A. (2015). Staged Approach for Rehabilitation Classification: Shoulder Disorders (STAR-Shoulder). Physical Therapy, 95(5), 791–800.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference O’Kane, J. W., & Toresdahl, B. G. (2014). The evidenced-based shoulder evaluation. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 13(5), 307–313.CrossRefPubMed O’Kane, J. W., & Toresdahl, B. G. (2014). The evidenced-based shoulder evaluation. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 13(5), 307–313.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Mellado, J. M., et al. (2005). Surgically repaired massive rotator cuff tears: MRI of tendon integrity, muscle fatty degeneration, and muscle atrophy correlated with intraoperative and clinical findings. AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology, 184(5), 1456–1463.CrossRefPubMed Mellado, J. M., et al. (2005). Surgically repaired massive rotator cuff tears: MRI of tendon integrity, muscle fatty degeneration, and muscle atrophy correlated with intraoperative and clinical findings. AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology, 184(5), 1456–1463.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Thoomes-de Graaf, M., et al. (2016). Evaluation of measurement properties of self-administered PROMs aimed at patients with non-specific shoulder pain and “activity limitations”: A systematic review. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 25(9), 2141–2160.CrossRef Thoomes-de Graaf, M., et al. (2016). Evaluation of measurement properties of self-administered PROMs aimed at patients with non-specific shoulder pain and “activity limitations”: A systematic review. Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 25(9), 2141–2160.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Tashjian, R. Z., et al. (2009). Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) for visual analog scales (VAS) measuring pain in patients treated for rotator cuff disease. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 18(6), 927–932.CrossRefPubMed Tashjian, R. Z., et al. (2009). Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) for visual analog scales (VAS) measuring pain in patients treated for rotator cuff disease. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 18(6), 927–932.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Michener, L. A., Snyder Valier, A. R., & McClure, P. W. (2013). Defining substantial clinical benefit for patient-rated outcome tools for shoulder impingement syndrome. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(4), 725–730. Michener, L. A., Snyder Valier, A. R., & McClure, P. W. (2013). Defining substantial clinical benefit for patient-rated outcome tools for shoulder impingement syndrome. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(4), 725–730.
27.
go back to reference Koehorst, M. L., Van Trijffel, E., & Lindeboom, R. (2014). Evaluative measurement properties of the patient-specific functional scale for primary shoulder complaints in physical therapy practice. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 44(8), 595–603.CrossRefPubMed Koehorst, M. L., Van Trijffel, E., & Lindeboom, R. (2014). Evaluative measurement properties of the patient-specific functional scale for primary shoulder complaints in physical therapy practice. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 44(8), 595–603.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Kuhn, J. E. (2009). Exercise in the treatment of rotator cuff impingement: A systematic review and a synthesized evidence-based rehabilitation protocol. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 18(1), 138–160.CrossRefPubMed Kuhn, J. E. (2009). Exercise in the treatment of rotator cuff impingement: A systematic review and a synthesized evidence-based rehabilitation protocol. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 18(1), 138–160.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Jeanfavre, M., Husted, S., & Leff, G. (2018). Exercise therapy in the non-operative treatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tears: A systematic review. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 13(3), 335–378.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Jeanfavre, M., Husted, S., & Leff, G. (2018). Exercise therapy in the non-operative treatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tears: A systematic review. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 13(3), 335–378.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
go back to reference Ainsworth, R., & Lewis, J. S. (2007). Exercise therapy for the conservative management of full thickness tears of the rotator cuff: A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(4), 200–210.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ainsworth, R., & Lewis, J. S. (2007). Exercise therapy for the conservative management of full thickness tears of the rotator cuff: A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(4), 200–210.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference Shepet, K. H., Liechti D. J., & Kuhn J. E. (2020). Nonoperative treatment of chronic, massive irreparable rotator cuff tears: A systematic review with synthesis of a standardized rehabilitation protocol. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. Shepet, K. H., Liechti D. J., & Kuhn J. E. (2020). Nonoperative treatment of chronic, massive irreparable rotator cuff tears: A systematic review with synthesis of a standardized rehabilitation protocol. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.
32.
go back to reference Kuhn, J. E., et al. (2013). Effectiveness of physical therapy in treating atraumatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 22(10), 1371–1379.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kuhn, J. E., et al. (2013). Effectiveness of physical therapy in treating atraumatic full-thickness rotator cuff tears: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 22(10), 1371–1379.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
go back to reference Dunn, W. R., et al. (2016). 2013 Neer award: Predictors of failure of nonoperative treatment of chronic, symptomatic, full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 25(8), 1303–1311.CrossRefPubMed Dunn, W. R., et al. (2016). 2013 Neer award: Predictors of failure of nonoperative treatment of chronic, symptomatic, full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 25(8), 1303–1311.CrossRefPubMed
34.
go back to reference Chester, R., et al. (2018). Psychological factors are associated with the outcome of physiotherapy for people with shoulder pain: A multicentre longitudinal cohort study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(4), 269–275.CrossRefPubMed Chester, R., et al. (2018). Psychological factors are associated with the outcome of physiotherapy for people with shoulder pain: A multicentre longitudinal cohort study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(4), 269–275.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Jain, N. B., et al. (2018). Predictors of pain and functional outcomes after the nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff tears. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 6(8), 2325967118788531.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Jain, N. B., et al. (2018). Predictors of pain and functional outcomes after the nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff tears. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 6(8), 2325967118788531.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
go back to reference Kukkonen, J., et al. (2015). Treatment of nontraumatic rotator cuff tears: A randomized controlled trial with two years of clinical and imaging follow-up. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 97(21), 1729–1737. Kukkonen, J., et al. (2015). Treatment of nontraumatic rotator cuff tears: A randomized controlled trial with two years of clinical and imaging follow-up. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 97(21), 1729–1737.
37.
go back to reference Ryosa, A., et al. (2017). Surgery or conservative treatment for rotator cuff tear: A meta-analysis. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(14), 1357–1363.CrossRefPubMed Ryosa, A., et al. (2017). Surgery or conservative treatment for rotator cuff tear: A meta-analysis. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(14), 1357–1363.CrossRefPubMed
38.
go back to reference Ketola, S., et al. (2016). No difference in long-term development of rotator cuff rupture and muscle volumes in impingement patients with or without decompression. Acta Orthopaedica, 87(4), 351–355.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ketola, S., et al. (2016). No difference in long-term development of rotator cuff rupture and muscle volumes in impingement patients with or without decompression. Acta Orthopaedica, 87(4), 351–355.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
go back to reference Moosmayer, S., et al. (2019). At a 10-year follow-up, tendon repair is superior to physiotherapy in the treatment of small and medium-sized rotator cuff tears. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 101(12), 1050–1060. Moosmayer, S., et al. (2019). At a 10-year follow-up, tendon repair is superior to physiotherapy in the treatment of small and medium-sized rotator cuff tears. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 101(12), 1050–1060.
40.
go back to reference Fermont, A. J., et al. (2014). Prognostic factors for successful recovery after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A systematic literature review. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 44(3), 153–163.CrossRefPubMed Fermont, A. J., et al. (2014). Prognostic factors for successful recovery after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A systematic literature review. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 44(3), 153–163.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Jeong, J. Y., et al. (2020). Effect of preoperative frozen shoulder on clinical outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(7), 2325967120934449.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Jeong, J. Y., et al. (2020). Effect of preoperative frozen shoulder on clinical outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(7), 2325967120934449.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
go back to reference Saccomanno, M. F., et al. (2016). Prognostic factors influencing the outcome of rotator cuff repair: A systematic review. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA, 24(12), 3809–3819.CrossRef Saccomanno, M. F., et al. (2016). Prognostic factors influencing the outcome of rotator cuff repair: A systematic review. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA, 24(12), 3809–3819.CrossRef
43.
go back to reference Lee, Y. S., et al. (2017). Evaluation of the risk factors for a rotator cuff retear after repair surgery. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(8), 1755–1761.CrossRefPubMed Lee, Y. S., et al. (2017). Evaluation of the risk factors for a rotator cuff retear after repair surgery. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(8), 1755–1761.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Edwards, P. K., et al. (2017). A systematic review of electromyography studies in normal shoulders to inform postoperative rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 47(12), 931–944.CrossRefPubMed Edwards, P. K., et al. (2017). A systematic review of electromyography studies in normal shoulders to inform postoperative rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 47(12), 931–944.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Gaunt, B. W., McCluskey, G. M., & Uhl, T. L. (2010). An electromyographic evaluation of subdividing active-assistive shoulder elevation exercises. Sports Health, 2(5), 424–432.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Gaunt, B. W., McCluskey, G. M., & Uhl, T. L. (2010). An electromyographic evaluation of subdividing active-assistive shoulder elevation exercises. Sports Health, 2(5), 424–432.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
47.
go back to reference Levy, O., et al. (2008). The role of anterior deltoid reeducation in patients with massive irreparable degenerative rotator cuff tears. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 17(6), 863–870.CrossRefPubMed Levy, O., et al. (2008). The role of anterior deltoid reeducation in patients with massive irreparable degenerative rotator cuff tears. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 17(6), 863–870.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Ainsworth, R. L. J., & Conboy, V. (2009). A prospective randomized placebo controlled clinical trial of a rehabilitation programme for patients with a diagnosis of massive rotator cuff tears of the shoulder. Shoulder & Elbow, 1, 55-60. Ainsworth, R. L. J., & Conboy, V. (2009). A prospective randomized placebo controlled clinical trial of a rehabilitation programme for patients with a diagnosis of massive rotator cuff tears of the shoulder. Shoulder & Elbow, 1, 55-60.
49.
go back to reference Cools, A. (2020). Shoulder rehabilitation: A practical guide for the clinician. Skribis. Cools, A. (2020). Shoulder rehabilitation: A practical guide for the clinician. Skribis.
50.
go back to reference Cools, A. M., et al. (2014). Rehabilitation of scapular dyskinesis: From the office worker to the elite overhead athlete. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(8), 692–697.CrossRefPubMed Cools, A. M., et al. (2014). Rehabilitation of scapular dyskinesis: From the office worker to the elite overhead athlete. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(8), 692–697.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Schouder
Auteur
Prof. dr. A. Cools
Copyright
2022
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2785-0_9