Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies 6/2020

12-10-2019 | Original Paper

School Adaptation of Migrant Children in Shanghai: Accessing Educational Resources and Developing Relations

Auteurs: Xiaoyue Sun, Ernest W. T. Chui, Jia Chen, Yuanyuan Fu

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 6/2020

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Objectives

The current study examined the patterns of adaptation of rural-to-urban migrant children in China as compared with their peers in urban schools. It also explored the potential factors relating to school adaptation by employing the cultural and structural perspectives, which emphasizes the access to social relations and the socioeconomic status in a society.

Methods

We conducted surveys in a district with a large number of migrants in Shanghai. This cross-sectional study recruited 1577 children from 12 primary schools, who completed self-reported questionnaires.

Results

Attending a public school can promote the children’s adaptation, including the access to more family resources (d = 0.77, p < 0.05; 0.47, p < 0.05; 0.28, p < 0.05) and social relations (Cohen’s d = 0.17, p < 0.05; 0.28, p< 0.05; 0.11, p < 0.05). However, policy limitations and lack of family resources are primary factors that prevent children from attending public schools. Children from families with higher income (OR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.05, 1.55], p < 0.05), higher parental education achievement (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.05, 1.35], p < 0.01), and homeownership (OR = 2.03, 95% CI [5.35, 10.95], p < 0.001) are more likely to enroll in a public school.

Conclusions

The study’s findings contribute to the growing knowledge about migrant children’s adaptation and can guide future policy-making. The adaptation gap between migrant children from public and migrant schools raises a concern about the upward mobility of migrant children from disadvantaged families, which requires more attention and support from local government.
Literatuur
go back to reference Alba, R. D., & Nee, V. (2003). Remaking the American mainstream: assimilation and contemporary immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRef Alba, R. D., & Nee, V. (2003). Remaking the American mainstream: assimilation and contemporary immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Baker, J. A. (2006). Contributions of teacher–child relationships to positive school adjustment during elementary school. Journal of School Psychology, 44(3), 211–229.CrossRef Baker, J. A. (2006). Contributions of teacher–child relationships to positive school adjustment during elementary school. Journal of School Psychology, 44(3), 211–229.CrossRef
go back to reference Bleakley, H., & Chin, A. (2004). Language skills and earnings: evidence from childhood immigrants. Review of Economics and Statistics.86(2), 481–496.CrossRef Bleakley, H., & Chin, A. (2004). Language skills and earnings: evidence from childhood immigrants. Review of Economics and Statistics.86(2), 481–496.CrossRef
go back to reference Chan, K. W., & Buckingham, W. (2008). Is China abolishing the hukou system? China Quarterly, 195(1), 582–605.CrossRef Chan, K. W., & Buckingham, W. (2008). Is China abolishing the hukou system? China Quarterly, 195(1), 582–605.CrossRef
go back to reference Chedzoy, S. M., & Burden, R. (2005). Making the move: assessing student attitudes to primary-secondary school transfer. Research in Education, 74(1), 22–35.CrossRef Chedzoy, S. M., & Burden, R. (2005). Making the move: assessing student attitudes to primary-secondary school transfer. Research in Education, 74(1), 22–35.CrossRef
go back to reference Chen, J., Wang, D., & Zhou, Y. (2017). Education for population control: migrant children’s education under new policies in Beijing. In Y.-K. Cha, J. Gundara, S.-H. Ham & M. Lee (Eds), Multicultural education in global perspectives: policy and institutionalization (pp. 153–166). Singapore: Springer Nature.CrossRef Chen, J., Wang, D., & Zhou, Y. (2017). Education for population control: migrant children’s education under new policies in Beijing. In Y.-K. Cha, J. Gundara, S.-H. Ham & M. Lee (Eds), Multicultural education in global perspectives: policy and institutionalization (pp. 153–166). Singapore: Springer Nature.CrossRef
go back to reference Chen, Y., & Feng, S. (2013). Access to public schools and the education of migrant children in China. China Economic Review, 26, 75–88.CrossRef Chen, Y., & Feng, S. (2013). Access to public schools and the education of migrant children in China. China Economic Review, 26, 75–88.CrossRef
go back to reference Dong, J. (2010). Neo-liberalism and the evolvement of China’s education policies on migrant children’s schooling. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies, 8(1), 137–160. Dong, J. (2010). Neo-liberalism and the evolvement of China’s education policies on migrant children’s schooling. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies, 8(1), 137–160.
go back to reference Duan, C., Lv, L., Wang, Z., & Guo, J. (2013). The survival and development status of floating children in China: an analysis of the sixth population census data [in Chinese]. South China Population, 28(4), 44–55. Duan, C., Lv, L., Wang, Z., & Guo, J. (2013). The survival and development status of floating children in China: an analysis of the sixth population census data [in Chinese]. South China Population, 28(4), 44–55.
go back to reference Duan, C., Lv, L., & Zhou, X. (2013). Major challenges for China’s floating population and policy suggestions: an analysis of the 2010 population census data [in Chinese]. Population Research, 37(2), 17–24. Duan, C., Lv, L., & Zhou, X. (2013). Major challenges for China’s floating population and policy suggestions: an analysis of the 2010 population census data [in Chinese]. Population Research, 37(2), 17–24.
go back to reference Goodburn, C. (2009). Learning from migrant education: a case study of the schooling of rural migrant children in Beijing. International Journal of Educational Development, 29(5), 495–504.CrossRef Goodburn, C. (2009). Learning from migrant education: a case study of the schooling of rural migrant children in Beijing. International Journal of Educational Development, 29(5), 495–504.CrossRef
go back to reference Gordon, M. (1964). Assimilation in American life: the role of race, religion, and national origins. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Gordon, M. (1964). Assimilation in American life: the role of race, religion, and national origins. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
go back to reference Hou, S., Yuan, X. J., Liu, Y., Lin, X. Y., & Fang, X. Y. (2011). The effect of social support and perceived discrimination on loneliness among migrant children: a longitudinal study. Psychological Development and Education, 27(4), 401–411. Hou, S., Yuan, X. J., Liu, Y., Lin, X. Y., & Fang, X. Y. (2011). The effect of social support and perceived discrimination on loneliness among migrant children: a longitudinal study. Psychological Development and Education, 27(4), 401–411.
go back to reference Hu, H., Lu, S., & Huang, C. C. (2014). The psychological and behavioral outcomes of migrant and left-behind children in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 46, 1–10.CrossRef Hu, H., Lu, S., & Huang, C. C. (2014). The psychological and behavioral outcomes of migrant and left-behind children in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 46, 1–10.CrossRef
go back to reference Hu, X., Cook, S., & Salazar, M. A. (2008). Internal migration and health in China. The Lancet, 372(9651), 1717–1719.CrossRef Hu, X., Cook, S., & Salazar, M. A. (2008). Internal migration and health in China. The Lancet, 372(9651), 1717–1719.CrossRef
go back to reference Jia, X., & Liu, X. (2017). Perceived discrimination and antisocial behaviour among Chinese rural-to-urban migrant adolescents: mediating effects of social support. International Journal of Psychology, 52(4), 327–335.PubMedCrossRef Jia, X., & Liu, X. (2017). Perceived discrimination and antisocial behaviour among Chinese rural-to-urban migrant adolescents: mediating effects of social support. International Journal of Psychology, 52(4), 327–335.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kanbur, R., & Zhang, X. (2005). Fifty years of regional inequality in China: a journey through central planning, reform, and openness. Review of Development Economics, 9(1), 87–106.CrossRef Kanbur, R., & Zhang, X. (2005). Fifty years of regional inequality in China: a journey through central planning, reform, and openness. Review of Development Economics, 9(1), 87–106.CrossRef
go back to reference Kingery, J. N., Erdley, C. A., & Marshall, K. C. (2011). Peer acceptance and friendship as predictors of early adolescents’ adjustment across the middle school transition. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 57(3), 215–243.CrossRef Kingery, J. N., Erdley, C. A., & Marshall, K. C. (2011). Peer acceptance and friendship as predictors of early adolescents’ adjustment across the middle school transition. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 57(3), 215–243.CrossRef
go back to reference Kipping, R. R., Smith, M., Heron, J., Hickman, M., & Campbell, R. (2014). Multiple risk behaviour in adolescence and socio-economic status: findings from a UK birth cohort. European Journal of Public Health, 25(1), 44–49.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kipping, R. R., Smith, M., Heron, J., Hickman, M., & Campbell, R. (2014). Multiple risk behaviour in adolescence and socio-economic status: findings from a UK birth cohort. European Journal of Public Health, 25(1), 44–49.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Li, Z. (2017). Report on the development of Chinese migrant population [Web news]. Xinmin Net. www.xinmin.cn. Accessed 29 Nov 2018. Li, Z. (2017). Report on the development of Chinese migrant population [Web news]. Xinmin Net. www.​xinmin.​cn. Accessed 29 Nov 2018.
go back to reference Liang, Z., & Chen, Y. P. (2007). The educational consequences of migration for children in China. Social Science Research, 36(1), 28–47.CrossRef Liang, Z., & Chen, Y. P. (2007). The educational consequences of migration for children in China. Social Science Research, 36(1), 28–47.CrossRef
go back to reference Liem, G. A. D., & Martin, A. J. (2011). Peer relationships and adolescents’ academic and non-academic outcomes: same-sex and opposite-sex peer effects and the mediating role of school engagement. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(2), 183–206.PubMedCrossRef Liem, G. A. D., & Martin, A. J. (2011). Peer relationships and adolescents’ academic and non-academic outcomes: same-sex and opposite-sex peer effects and the mediating role of school engagement. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81(2), 183–206.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Liu, J., & Jacob, W. J. (2013). From access to quality: migrant children’s education in urban China. Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 12(3), 177–191.CrossRef Liu, J., & Jacob, W. J. (2013). From access to quality: migrant children’s education in urban China. Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 12(3), 177–191.CrossRef
go back to reference Liu, T., Holmes, K., & Albright, J. (2015). Predictors of mathematics achievement of migrant children in Chinese urban schools: a comparative study. International Journal of Educational Development, 42, 35–42.CrossRef Liu, T., Holmes, K., & Albright, J. (2015). Predictors of mathematics achievement of migrant children in Chinese urban schools: a comparative study. International Journal of Educational Development, 42, 35–42.CrossRef
go back to reference Liu, X., & Zhao, J. (2016). Chinese migrant adolescents’ perceived discrimination and psychological well-being: the moderating roles of group identity and the type of school. PloS ONE, 11(1), e0146559.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Liu, X., & Zhao, J. (2016). Chinese migrant adolescents’ perceived discrimination and psychological well-being: the moderating roles of group identity and the type of school. PloS ONE, 11(1), e0146559.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Liu, Y., Li, X., Chen, L., & Qu, Z. (2015). Perceived positive teacher–student relationship as a protective factor for Chinese left-behind children’s emotional and behavioural adjustment. International Journal of Psychology, 50(5), 354–362.PubMedCrossRef Liu, Y., Li, X., Chen, L., & Qu, Z. (2015). Perceived positive teacher–student relationship as a protective factor for Chinese left-behind children’s emotional and behavioural adjustment. International Journal of Psychology, 50(5), 354–362.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Murray, C., & Malmgren, K. (2005). Implementing a teacher–student relationship program in a high-poverty urban school: Effects on social, emotional, and academic adjustment and lessons learned. Journal of School Psychology, 43(2), 137–152.CrossRef Murray, C., & Malmgren, K. (2005). Implementing a teacher–student relationship program in a high-poverty urban school: Effects on social, emotional, and academic adjustment and lessons learned. Journal of School Psychology, 43(2), 137–152.CrossRef
go back to reference Portes, A., & Rivas, A. (2011). The adaptation of migrant children. Future of Children, 21(1), 219–246.PubMedCrossRef Portes, A., & Rivas, A. (2011). The adaptation of migrant children. Future of Children, 21(1), 219–246.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference St-Hilaire, A. (2002). The social adaptation of children of Mexican immigrants: educational aspirations beyond junior high school. Social Science Quarterly, 83(4), 1026–1043.CrossRef St-Hilaire, A. (2002). The social adaptation of children of Mexican immigrants: educational aspirations beyond junior high school. Social Science Quarterly, 83(4), 1026–1043.CrossRef
go back to reference Sun, X., Chen, M., & Chan, K. L. (2016). A meta-analysis of the impacts of internal migration on child health outcomes in China. BMC Public Health, 16, 66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sun, X., Chen, M., & Chan, K. L. (2016). A meta-analysis of the impacts of internal migration on child health outcomes in China. BMC Public Health, 16, 66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Tian, L. (2015). Land use dynamics driven by rural industrialization and land finance in the peri-urban areas of China: the examples of Jiangyin and Shunde. Land Use Policy, 45, 117–127.CrossRef Tian, L. (2015). Land use dynamics driven by rural industrialization and land finance in the peri-urban areas of China: the examples of Jiangyin and Shunde. Land Use Policy, 45, 117–127.CrossRef
go back to reference Trickett, E. J., & Birman, D. (2005). Acculturation, school context, and school outcomes: adaptation of refugee adolescents from the former Soviet Union. Psychology in the Schools, 42(1), 27–38.CrossRef Trickett, E. J., & Birman, D. (2005). Acculturation, school context, and school outcomes: adaptation of refugee adolescents from the former Soviet Union. Psychology in the Schools, 42(1), 27–38.CrossRef
go back to reference Verheyde, M. A. (2006). Commentary on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Article 28, the Right to Education (pp. 26–70). Leiden & Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. Verheyde, M. A. (2006). Commentary on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Article 28, the Right to Education (pp. 26–70). Leiden & Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
go back to reference Wang, L. (2008). The marginality of migrant children in the urban Chinese educational system. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 29(6), 691–703.CrossRef Wang, L. (2008). The marginality of migrant children in the urban Chinese educational system. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 29(6), 691–703.CrossRef
go back to reference Wong, F. K. D., Chang, Y. L., & He, X. S. (2009). Correlates of psychological wellbeing of children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44(10), 815–824.PubMedCrossRef Wong, F. K. D., Chang, Y. L., & He, X. S. (2009). Correlates of psychological wellbeing of children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 44(10), 815–824.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Woodhouse, S. S., Dykas, M. J., & Cassidy, J. (2012). Loneliness and peer relations in adolescence. Social Development, 21(2), 273–293.CrossRef Woodhouse, S. S., Dykas, M. J., & Cassidy, J. (2012). Loneliness and peer relations in adolescence. Social Development, 21(2), 273–293.CrossRef
go back to reference Woronov, T. E. (2004). In the eye of the chicken hierarchy and marginality among Beijing’s migrant schoolchildren. Ethnography, 5(3), 289–313.CrossRef Woronov, T. E. (2004). In the eye of the chicken hierarchy and marginality among Beijing’s migrant schoolchildren. Ethnography, 5(3), 289–313.CrossRef
go back to reference Woronov, T. E. (2008). Raising quality, fostering “creativity”: ideologies and practices of education reform in Beijing. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 39(4), 401–422.CrossRef Woronov, T. E. (2008). Raising quality, fostering “creativity”: ideologies and practices of education reform in Beijing. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 39(4), 401–422.CrossRef
go back to reference Xiang, X. (2018). My future, my family, my freedom: meanings of schooling for poor, rural Chinese youth. Harvard Educational Review, 88(1), 81–102.CrossRef Xiang, X. (2018). My future, my family, my freedom: meanings of schooling for poor, rural Chinese youth. Harvard Educational Review, 88(1), 81–102.CrossRef
go back to reference Zhang, W., Wang, X., Li, J., & Xu, Z. (2014). Uncompensated care for children without insurance or from low-income families in a Chinese children’s hospital. Medical Science Monitor, 20, 1162–1167.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zhang, W., Wang, X., Li, J., & Xu, Z. (2014). Uncompensated care for children without insurance or from low-income families in a Chinese children’s hospital. Medical Science Monitor, 20, 1162–1167.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Zhao, J., Liu, X., & Wang, M. (2015). Parent–child cohesion, friend companionship and left-behind children’s emotional adaptation in rural China. Child Abuse & Neglect, 48, 190–199.CrossRef Zhao, J., Liu, X., & Wang, M. (2015). Parent–child cohesion, friend companionship and left-behind children’s emotional adaptation in rural China. Child Abuse & Neglect, 48, 190–199.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
School Adaptation of Migrant Children in Shanghai: Accessing Educational Resources and Developing Relations
Auteurs
Xiaoyue Sun
Ernest W. T. Chui
Jia Chen
Yuanyuan Fu
Publicatiedatum
12-10-2019
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 6/2020
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01608-0

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2020

Journal of Child and Family Studies 6/2020 Naar de uitgave