Rules versus Prototype Matching: Strategies of Perception of Emotional Facial Expressions in the Autism Spectrum | mijn-bsl Skip to main content

Mijn bibliotheek

Shop

Nieuws
Boeken
Tijdschriften
E-learning
Web-tv
Video
Audio

Tips voor Mijn BSL

UITGEBREID ZOEKEN
Inloggen
Top
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2/2007

01-02-2007 | Original Paper

Rules versus Prototype Matching: Strategies of Perception of Emotional Facial Expressions in the Autism Spectrum

Auteurs: M. D. Rutherford, Daniel N. McIntosh

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 2/2007

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

When perceiving emotional facial expressions, people with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) appear to focus on individual facial features rather than configurations. This paper tests whether individuals with ASD use these features in a rule-based strategy of emotional perception, rather than a typical, template-based strategy by considering outcome implications of these strategies. Rule-based strategies are more tolerant of extreme stimuli than are template-based ones. Tolerance for exaggerated emotional facial expressions in individuals with ASD compared to IQ and education matched controls was tested in a forced-choice paradigm. For five of six emotions, those with ASD were more likely to accept the most exaggerated images as most realistic. People with ASD appear to rely more heavily on a rule-based strategy than a template-based strategy in perceiving emotional facial expressions.
volgende artikel Response Times of Children and Adolescents with Asperger Syndrome on an ‘Advanced’ Test of Theory of Mind
Voetnoten
1
It is important to note that these participants have no time pressures. Not surprisingly, the ASD group took significantly longer to complete the session than did the control group. However, because group differences in speed of processing may be due to a variety of group differences, and due to use of many types of strategies, a group difference in time is non-diagnostic, and would tell us little about strategies used. The design of this study, therefore, makes outcome independent of processing speed.
 
Literatuur
Adolphs, R., Sears, L., & Piven, J. (2001). Abnormal processing of social information from faces in autism. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13, 232–240. PubMedCrossRef
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory of mind. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”? Cognition, 21, 37–46. PubMedCrossRef
Baron-Cohen, S., Ring, H. A., Bullmore, E. T., Wheelwright, S., Ashwin, C., & Williams, S. C. R. (2000). The amygdala theory of autism. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 24, 355–364. PubMedCrossRef
Baron-Cohen, S., Ring, H. A., Wheelwright, S., Bullmore, E. T., Brammer, M. J., & Simmons, A. et al. (1999). Social intelligence in the normal and autistic brain: An fMRI study. European Journal of Neuroscience, 11, 1891–1898. PubMedCrossRef
Bormann-Kischkel, C., Vilsmeier, M., & Baude, B. (1995). The development of emotional concepts in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 36, 1243–1259.
Bowler, D. M. (1992). Theory of mind in Aspergers syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 33, 877–893.
Braverman, M., Fein, D., Lucci, D., & Waterhouse, L. (1989). Affect comprehension in children with pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19, 301–316. PubMedCrossRef
Buitelaar, J. K. & Van der Wees, M. (1997). Are deficits in the decoding of affective cues and in mentalizing abilities independent? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27, 539–556. CrossRef
Buitelaar, J. K., Van der Wees, M., Swabb-Barneveld, H., & Van der Gaag, R. J. (1999). Theory of mind and emotion-recognition functioning in autistic spectrum disorders and in psychiatric control and normal children. Development and Psychopathology, 11, 39–58. PubMedCrossRef
Capps, L., Yirmiya, N., & Sigman, M. (1992). Understanding of simple and complex emotions in nonretarded-children with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 33, 1169–1182.
Celani, G., Battacchi, M. W., & Arcidiacono, L. (1999). The understanding of the emotional meaning of facial expressions in people with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 57–66. PubMedCrossRef
Critchley, H. D., Daly, E. M., Bullmore, E. T., Williams, S. C. R., Van Amelsvoort, T., & Robertson, D. M. et al. (2000). The functional neuroanatomy of social behaviour—changes in cerebral blood flow when people with autistic disorder process facial expressions. Brain, 123, 2203–2212. PubMedCrossRef
Dawson, G., Meltzoff, A., Osterling, J., Rinaldi, J., & Brown, E. (1998). Children with autism fail to orient to naturally occurring social stimuli. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 479–485. PubMedCrossRef
Ekman, P. (1994). Strong evidence for universals in facial expression: A reply to Russell’s mistaken critique. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 286–287. CrossRef
Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Ancoli, S. (1980). Facial signs of emotional experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 1125–1134. CrossRef
Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., Friston, K. J., & Mesulam, M. M. (2002). Functional anatomy of visual search: Regional segregations within the frontal eye fields and effective connectivity of the superior colliculus. Neuroimage, 15, 970–982. PubMedCrossRef
Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., Labar, K. S., & Mesulam, M. M. (2000). Real-time monitoring of eye movements using infrared video-oculography during functional magnetic resonance imaging of the frontal eye fields. Neuroimage, 11, 58–65. PubMedCrossRef
Grelotti, D. J., Gauthier, I., & Schultz, R. T. (2002). Social interest and the development of cortical face specialization: What autism teaches us about face processing. Developmental Psychobiology, 40, 213–225. PubMedCrossRef
Hobson, P. (1993). Understanding persons: The role of affect. In: S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg, & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Understanding other minds: Perspective from autism (pp. 204–227). New York: Oxford University Press.
Hobson, R. P., Ouston, J., & Lee, A. (1988). What’s in a face? The case of autism. British Journal of Psychology, 79, 441–453. PubMed
Hubl, D., Bolte, S., Feineis-Matthews, S., Lanfermann, H., Federspiel, & A., Strik, W. et al. (2003). Functional imbalance of visual pathways indicates alternative face processing strategies in autism. Neurology, 61, 1232–1237. PubMed
Jolliffe, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1997). Are people with autism and Asperger syndrome faster than normal on the embedded figures test? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 38, 527–534.
Joseph, R. M., & Tanaka, J. (2002). Holistic and part-based face recognition in children with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 1–14. CrossRef
Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.
Kikuchi, T., & Koga, S. (2001). Recognition of others’ and own facial expressions and production of facial expression–children and adults with autism. The Japanese Journal of Special Education, 39, 21–29.
Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F., & Cohen, D. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 809–816. PubMedCrossRef
Langdell, T. (1978). Recognition of faces—approach to study of autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 19, 255–268.
Light, L., Kayra-Stuart, F., & Hollander, S. (1979). Recognition memory for typical and unusual faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Memory and Learning, 5, 212–228. CrossRef
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., & DiLavore, P. C. et al. (2000). The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 205–223. PubMedCrossRef
Maestro, S., Muratori, F., Cavallaro, M. C., Pei, F., Stern, D., & Golse, B. et al. (2002). Attentional skills during the first 6 months of age in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 1239–1245. PubMedCrossRef
Mottron, L., Belleville, S., & Menard, E. (1999). Local bias in autistic subjects as evidenced by graphic tasks: Perceptual hierarchization or working memory deficit? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 40, 743–755.
Mundy, P., & Neal, R. A. (2001). Neural plasticity, joint attention, and a transactional social-orienting model of autism. In: L. M. Glidden (Ed.), International review of research in mental retardation: Autism (pp. 139–168). San Diego, CA, US: Academic Press.
Mundy, P., & Sigman, M. (1989). The theoretical implications of joint attention deficits in autism. Development and Psychopathology, 1, 173–183.
O’Riordan, M., & Plaisted, K. (2001). Enhanced discrimination in autism. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A-Human Experimental Psychology, 54, 961–979.
O’Riordan, M. A., Plaisted, K. C., Driver, J., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2001). Superior visual search in autism. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance, 27, 719–730. PubMedCrossRef
O’Toole, A. J., Deffenbacher, K. A., Valentin, D., & Abdi, H. (1994). Structural aspects of face recognition and the other-race effect. Memory and Cognition, 22, 208–224.
Osterling, J. & Dawson, G. (1994). Early recognition of children with autism—a study of 1st birthday home videotapes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 247–257. CrossRef
Ozonoff, S., Pennington, B. F., & Rogers, S. J. (1990). Are there emotion perception deficits in young autistic children? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 31, 343–361.
Pierce, K., Muller, R. A., Ambrose, J., Allen, G., & Courchesne, E. (2001). Face processing occurs outside the fusiform ‘face area’ in autism: Evidence from functional MRI. Brain, 124, 2059–2073. PubMedCrossRef
Plaisted, K., Saksida, L., Alcantara, J., & Weisblatt, E. (2003). Towards an understanding of the mechanisms of weak central coherence effects: Experiments in visual configural learning and auditory perception. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 358, 375–386. CrossRef
Plaisted, K., Swettenham, J., & Rees, L. (1999). Children with autism show local precedence in a divided attention task and global precedence in a selective attention task. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 40, 733–742.
Rogers, S. J., & Pennington, B. F. (1991). A theoretical approach to the deficits in infantile autism. Development and Psychopathology, 3, 137–162. CrossRef
Schultz, R. T., Gauthier, I., Klin, A., Fulbright, R. K., Anderson, A. W., & Volkmar, F. et al. (2000). Abnormal ventral temporal cortical activity during face discrimination among individuals with autism and Asperger syndrome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 331–340. PubMedCrossRef
Schultz, R. T., Romanski, L. M., & Tsatsanis, K. D. (2000). Neurofunctional models of Autistic Disorder and Asperger syndrome. In: A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 172–209). New York: The Guilford Press.
Serra, M., Minderaa, R. B., van-Geert, P. L. C., & Jackson, A. E. (1999). Social-cognitive abilities in children with lesser variants of autism: Skill deficits or failure to apply skills? European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 8, 301–311. PubMedCrossRef
Shah, A., & Frith, U. (1983). An islet of ability in autistic-children—a research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 24, 613–620.
Tantam, D., Monaghan, L., Nicholson, H., & Stirling, J. (1989). Autistic childrens ability to interpret faces—a research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 30, 623–630.
Valentine, T., & Bruce, V. (1986). The effect of distinctiveness in recognising and classifying faces. Perception, 15, 525–536. PubMedCrossRef
Vokey, J., & Read, D. (1992). Familiarity, memorability, and the effect of typicality on the recognition of faces. Memory and Cognition, 20, 291–302.
Wing, L., & Gould, J. (1979). Severe impairments of social-interaction and associated abnormalities in children—epidemiology and classification. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9, 11–29. PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Rules versus Prototype Matching: Strategies of Perception of Emotional Facial Expressions in the Autism Spectrum
Auteurs
M. D. Rutherford
Daniel N. McIntosh
Publicatiedatum
01-02-2007
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 2/2007
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0151-9

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2007

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2/2007 Naar de uitgave

Original Paper

Repetitive Behaviour in Children with High Functioning Autism and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Original Paper

Cognitive and Verbal Abilities of 24- to 36-month-old Siblings of Children with Autism

Brief Report

Short Breaks Services for Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Factors Associated with Service Use and Non-use

ORGINAL PAPER

A Case–Control Study of Personality Style and Psychopathology in Parents of Subjects with Autism

Announcement

Division TEACCH Offers Classroom Training Program for Summer 2007 in Chapel Hill

Original Paper

Priming the Meaning of Homographs in Typically Developing Children and Children with Autism