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2024 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

3. Respiratoire insufficiëntie

Auteur : Hans ter Haar

Gepubliceerd in: Mechanische beademing op de intensive care

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Bij respiratoire insufficiëntie is er sprake van hypoxemie en/of hypercapnie door een verminderde functie van het respiratoire systeem. Indeling kan naar het moment van optreden, de onderliggende aandoening, het pathofysiologisch mechanisme en de bloedgasanalyse. Respiratoire insufficiëntie kan acuut of chronisch zijn, maar ook een acute verslechtering bij chronisch respiratoir falen is mogelijk, en het kan zowel bij zieke als gezonde longen optreden. Pathofysiologisch gezien vormen stoornissen in de ventilatie en in de ventilatie-perfusieverhouding een belangrijke oorzaak van respiratoire insufficiëntie op de intensive care. Met bloedgasanalyse kunnen we hypoxemische en ventilatoire respiratoire insufficiëntie onderscheiden. Bij de hypoxemische variant kan zuurstoftherapie mogelijk voldoende zijn voor het herstel van de gaswisseling. Bij de ventilatoire variant is vaak mechanische beademing nodig. Ofschoon we ziekte en indicatie voor therapie graag concreet willen maken, is de manier waarop respiratoir insufficiënte patiënten zich presenteren niet altijd in getallen te vatten. Het starten van mechanische beademing wordt dan ook door het hele klinische beeld bepaald en zeker niet alleen door de bloedgaswaarden, hoewel deze wel richting geven aan oorzaak, beleid en prognose.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Respiratoire insufficiëntie
Auteur
Hans ter Haar
Copyright
2024
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-3031-7_3