Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2021

18-08-2020 | Original Paper

Repetitive and Self-injurious Behaviors in Children with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome

Auteurs: Siddharth Srivastava, Bennett Clark, Colleen Landy-Schmitt, Elizabeth A. Offermann, Antonie D. Kline, Samuel T. Wilkinson, Marco A. Grados

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2021

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is associated with repetitive and self-injurious behaviors (RBs, SIB). Evaluating children with CdLS, this study: (1) characterizes the spectrum of RBs; (2) characterizes the impact and severity of RBs including SIB; (3) describes how age and adaptive functioning relate to RBs including SIB. Fifty children (5–17 years) with CdLS were assessed with Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for PDD; Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC); Vineland Adaptive Behaviors Scales (VABS). All children had ≥ 1 type of RB; 44% had some form of SIB. 64% spent > 1 h/day displaying RBs. Lower VABS adaptive functioning was associated with higher stereotypy and SIB scores (ABC). In children with CdLS, RBs including SIB are common, impactful, and associated with lower adaptive functioning.
Literatuur
go back to reference Aman, M., Singh, N., Stewart, A., & Field, C. (1986). The Aberrant Behavior Checklist: Manual. East Aurora, NY: Slosson Educational Publications. Aman, M., Singh, N., Stewart, A., & Field, C. (1986). The Aberrant Behavior Checklist: Manual. East Aurora, NY: Slosson Educational Publications.
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Philadelphia: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Philadelphia: American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference Arron, K., Oliver, C., Moss, J., Berg, K., & Burbidge, C. (2011). The prevalence and phenomenology of self-injurious and aggressive behaviour in genetic syndromes. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55, 109–120.PubMed Arron, K., Oliver, C., Moss, J., Berg, K., & Burbidge, C. (2011). The prevalence and phenomenology of self-injurious and aggressive behaviour in genetic syndromes. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55, 109–120.PubMed
go back to reference Basile, E., Villa, L., Selicorni, A., & Molteni, M. (2007). The behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: A study of 56 individuals. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 671–681.PubMed Basile, E., Villa, L., Selicorni, A., & Molteni, M. (2007). The behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: A study of 56 individuals. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 671–681.PubMed
go back to reference Bate, K. S., Malouff, J. M., Thorsteinsson, E. T., & Bhullar, N. (2011). The efficacy of habit reversal therapy for tics, habit disorders, and stuttering: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 865–871.PubMed Bate, K. S., Malouff, J. M., Thorsteinsson, E. T., & Bhullar, N. (2011). The efficacy of habit reversal therapy for tics, habit disorders, and stuttering: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 865–871.PubMed
go back to reference Bell, L., Oliver, C., Wittkowski, A., Moss, J., & Hare, D. (2018). Attenuated behaviour in Cornelia de Lange and fragile X syndromes. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 62, 486–495.PubMed Bell, L., Oliver, C., Wittkowski, A., Moss, J., & Hare, D. (2018). Attenuated behaviour in Cornelia de Lange and fragile X syndromes. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 62, 486–495.PubMed
go back to reference Berney, T. P., Ireland, M., & Burn, J. (1999). Behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 81, 333–336.PubMedPubMedCentral Berney, T. P., Ireland, M., & Burn, J. (1999). Behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 81, 333–336.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Boyle, M. I., Jespersgaard, C., Brøndum-Nielsen, K., Bisgaard, A.-M., & Tümer, Z. (2015). Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Clinical Genetics, 88, 1–12.PubMed Boyle, M. I., Jespersgaard, C., Brøndum-Nielsen, K., Bisgaard, A.-M., & Tümer, Z. (2015). Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Clinical Genetics, 88, 1–12.PubMed
go back to reference Bradley, E. A., Ames, C. S., & Bolton, P. F. (2011). Psychiatric conditions and behavioural problems in adolescents with intellectual disabilities: Correlates with autism. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56, 102–109.PubMed Bradley, E. A., Ames, C. S., & Bolton, P. F. (2011). Psychiatric conditions and behavioural problems in adolescents with intellectual disabilities: Correlates with autism. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56, 102–109.PubMed
go back to reference Burguière, E., Monteiro, P., Mallet, L., Feng, G., & Graybiel, A. M. (2015). Striatal circuits, habits, and implications for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Current Opinion in Neurobiology., 30, 59–65.PubMed Burguière, E., Monteiro, P., Mallet, L., Feng, G., & Graybiel, A. M. (2015). Striatal circuits, habits, and implications for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Current Opinion in Neurobiology., 30, 59–65.PubMed
go back to reference Chlebowski, C., Green, J. A., Barton, M. L., & Fein, D. (2010). Using the childhood autism rating scale to diagnose autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 787–799.PubMedPubMedCentral Chlebowski, C., Green, J. A., Barton, M. L., & Fein, D. (2010). Using the childhood autism rating scale to diagnose autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 787–799.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Deardorff, M. A., Bando, M., Nakato, R., Watrin, E., Itoh, T., Minamino, M., et al. (2012). HDAC8 mutations in Cornelia de Lange syndrome affect the cohesin acetylation cycle. Nature, 489, 313–317.PubMedPubMedCentral Deardorff, M. A., Bando, M., Nakato, R., Watrin, E., Itoh, T., Minamino, M., et al. (2012). HDAC8 mutations in Cornelia de Lange syndrome affect the cohesin acetylation cycle. Nature, 489, 313–317.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Deardorff, M. A., Kaur, M., Yaeger, D., Rampuria, A., Korolev, S., Pie, J., et al. (2007). Mutations in cohesin complex members SMC3 and SMC1A cause a mild variant of cornelia de Lange syndrome with predominant mental retardation. American Journal of Human Genetics, 80, 485–494.PubMedPubMedCentral Deardorff, M. A., Kaur, M., Yaeger, D., Rampuria, A., Korolev, S., Pie, J., et al. (2007). Mutations in cohesin complex members SMC3 and SMC1A cause a mild variant of cornelia de Lange syndrome with predominant mental retardation. American Journal of Human Genetics, 80, 485–494.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Didden, R., Korzilius, H., Sturmey, P., Lancioni, G. E., & Curfs, L. M. G. (2008). Preference for water-related items in Angelman syndrome, Down syndrome and non-specific intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Developmental Disability, 33, 59–64.PubMed Didden, R., Korzilius, H., Sturmey, P., Lancioni, G. E., & Curfs, L. M. G. (2008). Preference for water-related items in Angelman syndrome, Down syndrome and non-specific intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Developmental Disability, 33, 59–64.PubMed
go back to reference Doehring, P., Reichow, B., Palka, T., Phillips, C., & Hagopian, L. (2014). Behavioral approaches to managing severe problem behaviors in children with autism spectrum and related developmental disorders: A descriptive analysis. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 23, 25–40.PubMed Doehring, P., Reichow, B., Palka, T., Phillips, C., & Hagopian, L. (2014). Behavioral approaches to managing severe problem behaviors in children with autism spectrum and related developmental disorders: A descriptive analysis. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 23, 25–40.PubMed
go back to reference Duerden, E. G., Oatley, H. K., Mak-Fan, K. M., McGrath, P. A., Taylor, M. J., Szatmari, P., et al. (2012). Risk factors associated with self-injurious behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 2460–2470.PubMed Duerden, E. G., Oatley, H. K., Mak-Fan, K. M., McGrath, P. A., Taylor, M. J., Szatmari, P., et al. (2012). Risk factors associated with self-injurious behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 2460–2470.PubMed
go back to reference Fovel, J. T., Lash, P. S., Barron, D. A., & Roberts, M. S. (1989). A survey of self-restraint, self-injury, and other maladaptive behaviors in an institutionalized retarded population. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 10, 377–382.PubMed Fovel, J. T., Lash, P. S., Barron, D. A., & Roberts, M. S. (1989). A survey of self-restraint, self-injury, and other maladaptive behaviors in an institutionalized retarded population. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 10, 377–382.PubMed
go back to reference Gal, E., Dyck, M. J., & Passmore, A. (2009). The relationship between stereotyped movements and self-injurious behavior in children with developmental or sensory disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 342–352.PubMed Gal, E., Dyck, M. J., & Passmore, A. (2009). The relationship between stereotyped movements and self-injurious behavior in children with developmental or sensory disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 342–352.PubMed
go back to reference Gillis, L. A., McCallum, J., Kaur, M., DeScipio, C., Yaeger, D., Mariani, A., et al. (2004). NIPBL mutational analysis in 120 individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and evaluation of genotype-phenotype correlations. American Journal of Human Genetics, 75, 610–623.PubMedPubMedCentral Gillis, L. A., McCallum, J., Kaur, M., DeScipio, C., Yaeger, D., Mariani, A., et al. (2004). NIPBL mutational analysis in 120 individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and evaluation of genotype-phenotype correlations. American Journal of Human Genetics, 75, 610–623.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Goldman, S., Wang, C., Salgado, M. W., Greene, P. E., Kim, M., & Rapin, I. (2009). Motor stereotypies in children with autism and other developmental disorders. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 51, 30–38.PubMed Goldman, S., Wang, C., Salgado, M. W., Greene, P. E., Kim, M., & Rapin, I. (2009). Motor stereotypies in children with autism and other developmental disorders. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 51, 30–38.PubMed
go back to reference Griffin, J. C., Williams, D. E., Stark, M. T., Altmeyer, B. K., & Mason, M. (1986). Self-injurious behavior: A state-wide prevalence survey of the extent and circumstances. Applied Research in Mental Retardation, 7, 105–116.PubMed Griffin, J. C., Williams, D. E., Stark, M. T., Altmeyer, B. K., & Mason, M. (1986). Self-injurious behavior: A state-wide prevalence survey of the extent and circumstances. Applied Research in Mental Retardation, 7, 105–116.PubMed
go back to reference Huisman, S., Mulder, P. A., Redeker, E., Bader, I., Bisgaard, A.-M., Brooks, A., et al. (2017). Phenotypes and genotypes in individuals with SMC1A variants. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 173, 2108–2125.PubMed Huisman, S., Mulder, P. A., Redeker, E., Bader, I., Bisgaard, A.-M., Brooks, A., et al. (2017). Phenotypes and genotypes in individuals with SMC1A variants. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 173, 2108–2125.PubMed
go back to reference Hyman, P., Oliver, C., & Hall, S. (2002). Self-injurious behavior, self-restraint, and compulsive behaviors in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 107, 146–154.PubMed Hyman, P., Oliver, C., & Hall, S. (2002). Self-injurious behavior, self-restraint, and compulsive behaviors in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 107, 146–154.PubMed
go back to reference Kawauchi, S., Calof, A. L., Santos, R., Lopez-Burks, M. E., Young, C. M., Hoang, M. P., et al. (2009). Multiple organ system defects and transcriptional dysregulation in the Nipbl(+/-) mouse, a model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. PLoS Genetics, 5, e1000650.PubMedPubMedCentral Kawauchi, S., Calof, A. L., Santos, R., Lopez-Burks, M. E., Young, C. M., Hoang, M. P., et al. (2009). Multiple organ system defects and transcriptional dysregulation in the Nipbl(+/-) mouse, a model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. PLoS Genetics, 5, e1000650.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Kawauchi, S., Santos, R., Muto, A., Lopez-Burks, M. E., Schilling, T. F., Lander, A. D., et al. (2016). Using mouse and zebrafish models to understand the etiology of developmental defects in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics, 172(2), 138–145. Kawauchi, S., Santos, R., Muto, A., Lopez-Burks, M. E., Schilling, T. F., Lander, A. D., et al. (2016). Using mouse and zebrafish models to understand the etiology of developmental defects in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics, 172(2), 138–145.
go back to reference Kline, A. D., Krantz, I. D., Sommer, A., Kliewer, M., Jackson, L. G., FitzPatrick, D. R., et al. (2007). Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Clinical review, diagnostic and scoring systems, and anticipatory guidance. American Journal of Medical Genetics A, 143A, 1287–1296. Kline, A. D., Krantz, I. D., Sommer, A., Kliewer, M., Jackson, L. G., FitzPatrick, D. R., et al. (2007). Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Clinical review, diagnostic and scoring systems, and anticipatory guidance. American Journal of Medical Genetics A, 143A, 1287–1296.
go back to reference Kline, A. D., Moss, J. F., Selicorni, A., Bisgaard, A.-M., Deardorff, M. A., Gillett, P. M., et al. (2018). Diagnosis and management of Cornelia de Lange syndrome: First international consensus statement. Nature Reviews Genetics, 19, 649–666.PubMedPubMedCentral Kline, A. D., Moss, J. F., Selicorni, A., Bisgaard, A.-M., Deardorff, M. A., Gillett, P. M., et al. (2018). Diagnosis and management of Cornelia de Lange syndrome: First international consensus statement. Nature Reviews Genetics, 19, 649–666.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Lam, K. S. L., Bodfish, J. W., & Piven, J. (2008). Evidence for three subtypes of repetitive behavior in autism that differ in familiality and association with other symptoms. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 1193–1200.PubMed Lam, K. S. L., Bodfish, J. W., & Piven, J. (2008). Evidence for three subtypes of repetitive behavior in autism that differ in familiality and association with other symptoms. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 1193–1200.PubMed
go back to reference Luzzani, S., Macchini, F., Valadè, A., Milani, D., & Selicorni, A. (2003). Gastroesophageal reflux and Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Typical and atypical symptoms. A, 119A, 283–287. Luzzani, S., Macchini, F., Valadè, A., Milani, D., & Selicorni, A. (2003). Gastroesophageal reflux and Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Typical and atypical symptoms. A, 119A, 283–287.
go back to reference Matson, J. L., & Nebel-Schwalm, M. (2007). Assessing challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders: A review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28, 567–579.PubMed Matson, J. L., & Nebel-Schwalm, M. (2007). Assessing challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorders: A review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28, 567–579.PubMed
go back to reference Medeiros, K., Curby, T. W., Bernstein, A., Rojahn, J., & Schroeder, S. R. (2013). The progression of severe behavior disorder in young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 3639–3647.PubMedPubMedCentral Medeiros, K., Curby, T. W., Bernstein, A., Rojahn, J., & Schroeder, S. R. (2013). The progression of severe behavior disorder in young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 3639–3647.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Moss, J., Howlin, P., Magiati, I., & Oliver, C. (2012). Characteristics of autism spectrum disorder in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53, 883–891.PubMed Moss, J., Howlin, P., Magiati, I., & Oliver, C. (2012). Characteristics of autism spectrum disorder in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53, 883–891.PubMed
go back to reference Moss, J., Oliver, C., Arron, K., Burbidge, C., & Berg, K. (2009). The prevalence and phenomenology of repetitive behavior in genetic syndromes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39, 572–588.PubMed Moss, J., Oliver, C., Arron, K., Burbidge, C., & Berg, K. (2009). The prevalence and phenomenology of repetitive behavior in genetic syndromes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39, 572–588.PubMed
go back to reference Moss, J. F., Oliver, C., Berg, K., Kaur, G., Jephcott, L., & Cornish, K. (2008). Prevalence of autism spectrum phenomenology in Cornelia de Lange and Cri du Chat syndromes. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 113, 278–291.PubMed Moss, J. F., Oliver, C., Berg, K., Kaur, G., Jephcott, L., & Cornish, K. (2008). Prevalence of autism spectrum phenomenology in Cornelia de Lange and Cri du Chat syndromes. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 113, 278–291.PubMed
go back to reference Nelson, L., Moss, J., & Oliver, C. (2014). A longitudinal follow-up study of affect in children and adults with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 119, 235–252.PubMed Nelson, L., Moss, J., & Oliver, C. (2014). A longitudinal follow-up study of affect in children and adults with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 119, 235–252.PubMed
go back to reference Oliver, C., Arron, K., Sloneem, J., & Hall, S. (2008). Behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Case–control study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 193, 466–470. Oliver, C., Arron, K., Sloneem, J., & Hall, S. (2008). Behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Case–control study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 193, 466–470.
go back to reference Oliver, C., Sloneem, J., Hall, S., & Arron, K. (2009). Self-injurious behaviour in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: 1. Prevalence and phenomenology. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53, 575–589.PubMed Oliver, C., Sloneem, J., Hall, S., & Arron, K. (2009). Self-injurious behaviour in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: 1. Prevalence and phenomenology. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53, 575–589.PubMed
go back to reference Richards, C., Oliver, C., Nelson, L., & Moss, J. (2012). Self-injurious behaviour in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56, 476–489.PubMed Richards, C., Oliver, C., Nelson, L., & Moss, J. (2012). Self-injurious behaviour in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56, 476–489.PubMed
go back to reference Richman, D. M., & Lindauer, S. E. (2005). Longitudinal assessment of stereotypic, proto-injurious, and self-injurious behavior exhibited by young children with developmental delays. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 110, 439–450.PubMed Richman, D. M., & Lindauer, S. E. (2005). Longitudinal assessment of stereotypic, proto-injurious, and self-injurious behavior exhibited by young children with developmental delays. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 110, 439–450.PubMed
go back to reference Roshan Lal, T. R., Kliewer, M. A., Lopes, T., Rebsamen, S. L., O’Connor, J., Grados, M. A., et al. (2016). Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Correlation of brain MRI findings with behavioral assessment. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics, 119(6), 496–515. Roshan Lal, T. R., Kliewer, M. A., Lopes, T., Rebsamen, S. L., O’Connor, J., Grados, M. A., et al. (2016). Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Correlation of brain MRI findings with behavioral assessment. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics, 119(6), 496–515.
go back to reference Scahill, L., McDougle, C. J., Williams, S. K., Dimitropoulos, A., Aman, M. G., McCracken, J. T., et al. (2006). Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale modified for pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 1114–1123. Scahill, L., McDougle, C. J., Williams, S. K., Dimitropoulos, A., Aman, M. G., McCracken, J. T., et al. (2006). Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale modified for pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 1114–1123.
go back to reference Sparrow, S., Balla, D., & Cicchetti, D. (1984). The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: Interview. Circle pines: American Guidance Service. Sparrow, S., Balla, D., & Cicchetti, D. (1984). The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: Interview. Circle pines: American Guidance Service.
go back to reference Srivastava, S., Landy-Schmitt, C., Clark, B., Kline, A. D., Specht, M., & Grados, M. A. (2014). Autism traits in children and adolescents with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics A, 164A, 1400–1410. Srivastava, S., Landy-Schmitt, C., Clark, B., Kline, A. D., Specht, M., & Grados, M. A. (2014). Autism traits in children and adolescents with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics A, 164A, 1400–1410.
go back to reference Symons, F. J., Sperry, L. A., Dropik, P. L., & Bodfish, J. W. (2005). The early development of stereotypy and self-injury: a review of research methods. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 144–158.PubMed Symons, F. J., Sperry, L. A., Dropik, P. L., & Bodfish, J. W. (2005). The early development of stereotypy and self-injury: a review of research methods. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49, 144–158.PubMed
go back to reference van den Berg, D. L. C., Azzarelli, R., Oishi, K., Martynoga, B., Urbán, N., Dekkers, D. H. W., et al. (2017). Nipbl interacts with Zfp609 and the integrator complex to regulate cortical neuron migration. Neuron, 93, 348–361.PubMedPubMedCentral van den Berg, D. L. C., Azzarelli, R., Oishi, K., Martynoga, B., Urbán, N., Dekkers, D. H. W., et al. (2017). Nipbl interacts with Zfp609 and the integrator complex to regulate cortical neuron migration. Neuron, 93, 348–361.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Vuilleumier, N., Kövari, E., Michon, A., Hof, P. R., Mentenopoulos, G., Giannakopoulos, P., et al. (2002). Neuropathological analysis of an adult case of the Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Acta Neuropathologica, 104, 327–332.PubMed Vuilleumier, N., Kövari, E., Michon, A., Hof, P. R., Mentenopoulos, G., Giannakopoulos, P., et al. (2002). Neuropathological analysis of an adult case of the Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Acta Neuropathologica, 104, 327–332.PubMed
go back to reference Watkins, A., Bissell, S., Moss, J., Oliver, C., Clayton-Smith, J., Haye, L., et al. (2019). Behavioural and psychological characteristics in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: A comparison with Angelman and Cornelia de Lange syndromes. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 11, 24.PubMedPubMedCentral Watkins, A., Bissell, S., Moss, J., Oliver, C., Clayton-Smith, J., Haye, L., et al. (2019). Behavioural and psychological characteristics in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: A comparison with Angelman and Cornelia de Lange syndromes. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 11, 24.PubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Yamaguchi, K., & Ishitobi, F. (1999). Brain dysgenesis in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Clinical Neuropathology, 18, 99–105.PubMed Yamaguchi, K., & Ishitobi, F. (1999). Brain dysgenesis in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Clinical Neuropathology, 18, 99–105.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Repetitive and Self-injurious Behaviors in Children with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
Auteurs
Siddharth Srivastava
Bennett Clark
Colleen Landy-Schmitt
Elizabeth A. Offermann
Antonie D. Kline
Samuel T. Wilkinson
Marco A. Grados
Publicatiedatum
18-08-2020
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2021
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04617-x

Andere artikelen Uitgave 5/2021

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2021 Naar de uitgave