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The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an anatomical scoring system first introduced in 1969. It has been revised and updated against survival data so that it now provides a reasonably accurate way of ranking the severity of injury.
Injuries are ranked on a scale of 1–6, with 1 being minor, 5 severe, and 6 an unsurvivable injury (Table 1). This represents the “threat to life” associated with an injury and is not meant to represent a comprehensive measure of severity. The AIS is not a linear scale, in that the difference between AIS1 and AIS2 is not the same as that between AIS4 and AIS5. Organ Injury Scales of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma are mapped to the AIS score for calculation of the Injury Severity Score.
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References and Readings
Copes, W. S., Sacco, W. J., Champion, H. R., & Bain, L. W. (1989). Progress in characterizing anatomic injury. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, pp. 205–218.
Greenspan, L., McClellan, B. A., & Greig, H. (1985). Abbreviated injury scale and injury severity score: A scoring chart. The Journal of Trauma, 25, 60–64.
Moore, E. E., Shackford, S. R., Pachter, H. L., McAninch, J. W.Browner, B. D., Champion, H. R., et al. (1989). Organ injury scaling: Spleen, liver, and kidney. The Journal of Trauma, 29, 1664–6.
Yentis, S. M., Hirsch, N. P., & Smith, G. B. (2004). Anaesthesia and intensive care A-Z. New York: Butterworth & Heinemann.
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Wong, E. (2011). Abbreviated Injury Scale. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_2
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