The Efficacy of Three Different Oral Hygiene Regimens in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Patients Receiving Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

 

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Abstract

Background Oral mucositis is one of the side effects developed post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant. This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy of a mouthwash mixture (lidocaine, sodium alginate, sucralfate, pheniramine) versus hyaluronic acid and a solution of sodium bicarbonate in terms of healing time and weight gain in the treatment of oral mucositis in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with hemato-oncological malignancies.

Methods A total of 171 patients that received chemotherapy for the hematopoietic stem cell transplant were divided into three groups; group 1, treated with a mixed mouthwash of lidocaine, sodium alginate, sucralfate, and pheniramine; group 2, treated with hyaluronic acid; and group 3, treated with an aqueous solution of 5% sodium bicarbonate. Weight and mucositis scale scores derived from medical records of patients.

Results There was a statistically significant difference in the mucositis scale scores between the groups on the transplant day and days 5, 10, 15 and 20 after the transplantation. At these measurement points, Group 2 (receiving hyaluronic acid) had a lower score, and Group 3 (who received sodium bicarbonate) had a higher score, especially on days 5 and 10 after the transplantation.

Conclusion The results suggest that hyaluronic acid is a more effective treatment option than the other oral care solutions that are frequently used for prophylaxis and treatment of oral mucositis.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die orale Mukositis ist eine der Nebenwirkungen, die nach einer hämatopoetischen Stammzelltransplantation auftreten können. Ziel der vorliegenden retrospektiven Studie war es, die Wirksamkeit einer Mundspülung, die eine Kombination von Lidocain, Natriumalginat, Sucralfat und Pheniramin enthält, im Vergleich zu Hyaluronsäure und einer Natriumbicarbonatlösung hinsichtlich Heilungszeit und Gewichtszunahme bei der Behandlung der oralen Mukositis bei Kindern mit hämatoonkologischer Erkrankung zu prüfen, die sich einer allogenen hämatopoetischen Stammzelltransplantation unterzogen.

Methode Insgesamt 171 Patienten, die eine Chemotherapie als Konditionierung vor hämatopoetischen Stammzelltransplantation erhielten, wurden in drei Gruppen eingeteilt: Gruppe 1, Behandlung mit einer Mundspülung mit Lidocain, Natriumalginat, Sucralfat und Pheniramin; Gruppe 2, Behandlung mit Hyaluronsäure; und Gruppe 3, Behandlung mit einer wässrigen Natriumcarbonatlösung (5 %). Das Gewicht und der Mukositis-Skala-Wert wurden den Krankenakten der Patienten entnommen.

Ergebnisse Es fand sich ein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied in den Mukositis-Skala-Werten zwischen den Gruppen am Tag der Transplantation und an den Tagen 5, 10, 15 und 20 nach der Transplantation. Zu diesen Messzeitpunkten hatte Gruppe 2, die Hyaluronsäure erhielt, einen niedrigeren Wert und Gruppe 3, die Natriumbikarbonat erhielt, einen höheren Mukositis-Skala-Wert, insbesondere an den Tagen 5 und 10 nach der Transplantation.

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Hyaluronsäure eine wirksamere Behandlungsoption im Vergleich zu anderen häufig prophylaktisch oder therapeutisch bei oraler Mukositis eingesetzten Mundspülungen darstellten könnte.

Publication History

Article published online:
10 May 2024

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