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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

12-09-2019

Preschool-Onset Major Depressive Disorder is Characterized by Electrocortical Deficits in Processing Pleasant Emotional Pictures

Auteurs: Diana J. Whalen, Kirsten E. Gilbert, Danielle Kelly, Greg Hajcak, Emily S. Kappenman, Joan L. Luby, Deanna M. Barch

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2020

Abstract

Reductions in positive affect are a salient feature of preschool-onset major depressive disorder. Yet, little is known about the psychophysiological correlates of this blunted positive affect and whether reduced physiological responding to pleasant stimuli may differentiate depressed and healthy young children. 120 four-to-seven year old children with current depression and 63 psychiatrically healthy 4-to-7 year old children completed a simple picture-viewing task of pleasant and neutral pictures while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. The early-childhood version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Depression was used to establish psychiatric diagnoses. A one-way ANCOVA was used to test for group differences in response to pleasant and neutral pictures. Young children with depression showed a reduced response to pleasant vs. neutral pictures (LPP), after controlling for children’s age. The LPP for the children with preschool-onset depression was significantly smaller than the LPP in the healthy group of young children. This difference did not vary as a function of depression or anhedonia severity within the group with depression or the healthy children. Similar to older children and adolescents with depression, young children with depression display reductions in responsivity to pleasant stimuli as indexed by the LPP. These findings extend prior findings indicating a blunted response to pleasant stimuli in preschool- onset depression. Given the greater neuroplasticity of emotional response and regulation, these findings suggest clinical attention to emotional response to pleasure is an important target in preschool-onset depression. Clinical trial registration information: A Randomized Control Trial of PCIT-ED for Preschool Depression; http://clinicaltrials.gov/;NCT02076425.

vorige artikel The Impact of Treatment Expectations on Exposure Process and Treatment Outcome in Childhood Anxiety Disorders

volgende artikel Persistent Low Positive Affect and Sleep Disturbance across Adolescence Moderate Link between Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adulthood

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The number of the IAPS pictures used were: pleasant (1463, 1710, 1750, 1811, 2070, 2091, 2092, 2224, 2340, 2345, 2347, 7325, 7330, 7400, 8031, 8200, 8370, 8461, 8496, 8497) and neutral (2514, 2580, 5390, 5395, 5500, 5731, 5740, 5900, 7000, 7002, 7009, 7010, 7026, 7038, 7039, 7090, 7100, 7130, 7175, 7190).

A repeated measures ANOVA was conducted that included the raw (unadjusted) pleasant and neutral LPP for the average of the two reference electrodes (TP9 and TP10) in order to demonstrate validity for this cohort. Results of the repeated measures ANOVA indicated a main effect of valence (F_1,162 = 33.78, p = 0.000, η² = 0.17). Specifically, mean amplitudes for pleasant trials (M = 11.33, SE = 0.28) were significantly more positive than mean amplitudes for neutral trials (M = 10.19, SE = 0.27). There were no main effects or interactions with diagnostic group (F_1,162 = 0.01, p = 0.92, η² = 0.000).

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Titel: Preschool-Onset Major Depressive Disorder is Characterized by Electrocortical Deficits in Processing Pleasant Emotional Pictures
Auteurs: Diana J. Whalen
Kirsten E. Gilbert
Danielle Kelly
Greg Hajcak
Emily S. Kappenman
Joan L. Luby
Deanna M. Barch
Publicatiedatum: 12-09-2019
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2020
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-019-00585-8

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