Policy and Practice Barriers to Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the California Early Intervention System

Autism spectrum disorder can be reliably diagnosed prior to age 2, and early, intensive intervention has been found to improve long-term outcomes. Nonetheless, most children with ASD do not receive a diagnosis until after age 3, with even later diagnoses for children from non-white ethnic groups. This study conducted telephone surveys with California Part C early intervention managers regarding policies and practices for early identification and intervention for ASD. Findings indicated that 85% of agencies conduct screening for ASD, but only 39% conduct ASD diagnostic assessments prior to age 3. Recommendations for policy changes to align Part C practices with best practice guidelines are provided.