Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in:

07-06-2018 | Original Paper

Physical Risk Taking in Preschoolers: A Comparison Between Children’s and Mothers’ Perceptions

Auteurs: Anna Di Norcia, Anna Silvia Bombi, Eleonora Cannoni, Gemma Marano

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 9/2018

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Children's injuries are a serious public-health problem, but they could be substantially reduced by proper prevention. According to the literature the best predictor of injuriesis the physical risk taking. In this study we examined preschoolers' and mothers' perceptions of children's physical risk taking. Participants included 203 children (M age = 60 months), their mothers and their teachers. We first compared children's and mothers' answers about desired and allowed level of risk in some play situations,and then we verified if children's and mothers' ideas equally predicted the risk for injuries at school. The teachers completed the Injury Behavior Checklist. Findings showed that children's desired risk taking was higher than their mothers believe. We also found that children at school, in absence of their parents but under the supervision of another adult, behaved according to their own wishes. Our findings suggest that mothers are not always reliable informants about the risk taking behavior of their young children while they are at school. Children's desires are a good predictor of their actual behavior, and for this reason interventions aiming at the reduction of injuries should be directed not only toward parents and teachers but also to the children themselves.
Literatuur
go back to reference Alkon, A., Ragland, D. R., Tschann, J. M., Genevro, J. L., Kaiser, P., & Boyce, W. T. (2000). Injuries in child care centers: gender-environment interactions. Injury Prevention, 6(3), 214–218.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Alkon, A., Ragland, D. R., Tschann, J. M., Genevro, J. L., Kaiser, P., & Boyce, W. T. (2000). Injuries in child care centers: gender-environment interactions. Injury Prevention, 6(3), 214–218.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Berk, L. (2013). Child development. 9th edition. Boston: Pearson. Berk, L. (2013). Child development. 9th edition. Boston: Pearson.
go back to reference Boyer, T. W. (2006). The development of risk-taking: A multi-perspective review. Developmental Review, 26(3), 291–345.CrossRef Boyer, T. W. (2006). The development of risk-taking: A multi-perspective review. Developmental Review, 26(3), 291–345.CrossRef
go back to reference Bronson, M. (2000). Self-regulation in early childhood: Nature and nurture. New York: Guilford Press. Bronson, M. (2000). Self-regulation in early childhood: Nature and nurture. New York: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Brussoni, M., Brunelle, S., Pike, I., Sandseter, E. B., Herrington, S., Turner, H., Belair, S., Logan, L., Fuselli, P., & Ball, D. J. (2015). Can child injury prevention include healthy risk promotion? Injury Prevention, 21(5), 344–347.PubMedCrossRef Brussoni, M., Brunelle, S., Pike, I., Sandseter, E. B., Herrington, S., Turner, H., Belair, S., Logan, L., Fuselli, P., & Ball, D. J. (2015). Can child injury prevention include healthy risk promotion? Injury Prevention, 21(5), 344–347.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Byrnes, J. P., Miller, D. C., & Schafer, W. D. (1999). Gender differences in risk taking: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 125(3), 367–383.CrossRef Byrnes, J. P., Miller, D. C., & Schafer, W. D. (1999). Gender differences in risk taking: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 125(3), 367–383.CrossRef
go back to reference Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1993). Suggestibility of the child witness: A historical review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 113(3), 403.PubMedCrossRef Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1993). Suggestibility of the child witness: A historical review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 113(3), 403.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cevher-Kalburan, N., & Ivrendi, A. (2016). Risky play and parenting style. Journal of Child and Family Study, 25, 355–366.CrossRef Cevher-Kalburan, N., & Ivrendi, A. (2016). Risky play and parenting style. Journal of Child and Family Study, 25, 355–366.CrossRef
go back to reference Durbin, C. E. (2010). Validity of young children’s self-reports of their emotion in response to structured laboratory tasks. Emotion, 10(4), 519–535.PubMedCrossRef Durbin, C. E. (2010). Validity of young children’s self-reports of their emotion in response to structured laboratory tasks. Emotion, 10(4), 519–535.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ferraz-Torres, M., Belzunegui-Otano, T., Martínez-García, O., & Iriarte-Cerdán, L. (2016). Epidemiological characteristics and overall burden of accidental injuries in Navarra, Spain: Epidemiology of injuries in children. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 23(4), 231–236.PubMedCrossRef Ferraz-Torres, M., Belzunegui-Otano, T., Martínez-García, O., & Iriarte-Cerdán, L. (2016). Epidemiological characteristics and overall burden of accidental injuries in Navarra, Spain: Epidemiology of injuries in children. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 23(4), 231–236.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Gerber, R. J., Wilks, T., & Erdie-Lalena, C. (2010). Developmental milestones: motor development. Pediatrics in Review, 31, 267–277. https://doi.org/10.152/pir.31-7-267.PubMedCrossRef Gerber, R. J., Wilks, T., & Erdie-Lalena, C. (2010). Developmental milestones: motor development. Pediatrics in Review, 31, 267–277. https://​doi.​org/​10.​152/​pir.​31-7-267.​PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hagan, L. K., & Kuebli, J. (2007). Mothers’ and fathers’ socialization of preschoolers’ physical risk taking. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 28, 2–14.CrossRef Hagan, L. K., & Kuebli, J. (2007). Mothers’ and fathers’ socialization of preschoolers’ physical risk taking. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 28, 2–14.CrossRef
go back to reference Howe, M. L. (1991). Misleading children’s story recall: forgetting and reminiscence of the facts. Developmental Psychology, 27, 746–762.CrossRef Howe, M. L. (1991). Misleading children’s story recall: forgetting and reminiscence of the facts. Developmental Psychology, 27, 746–762.CrossRef
go back to reference Huber, G., Marchand-Martella, N. E., Martella, R. C., & Wood, W. S. (1996). A survey of the frequency of accidents/injuries for preschoolers enrolled in an inner-city Head Start Program. Education and Treatment of Children, 19(1), 46–54. Huber, G., Marchand-Martella, N. E., Martella, R. C., & Wood, W. S. (1996). A survey of the frequency of accidents/injuries for preschoolers enrolled in an inner-city Head Start Program. Education and Treatment of Children, 19(1), 46–54.
go back to reference Kårstad, S. B., Kvello, Ø., Wichstrøm, L., & Berg-Nielsen, T. S. (2013). What do parents know about their children’s comprehension of emotions? Accuracy of parental estimates in a community sample of pre-schoolers. Child: Care, Health and Development, 40(3), 346–353. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12071. Kårstad, S. B., Kvello, Ø., Wichstrøm, L., & Berg-Nielsen, T. S. (2013). What do parents know about their children’s comprehension of emotions? Accuracy of parental estimates in a community sample of pre-schoolers. Child: Care, Health and Development, 40(3), 346–353. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1111/​cch.​12071.
go back to reference Khambalia, A., Joshi, P., Brussoni, M., Raina, P., Morrongiello, B., & Macarthur, C. (2006). Risk factors for unintentional injuries due to falls in children aged 0–6 years: A systematic review. Injury Prevention, 12(6), 378–385.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Khambalia, A., Joshi, P., Brussoni, M., Raina, P., Morrongiello, B., & Macarthur, C. (2006). Risk factors for unintentional injuries due to falls in children aged 0–6 years: A systematic review. Injury Prevention, 12(6), 378–385.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
go back to reference Kochanska, G. (2002). Committed compliance, moral self, and internalization: a mediational model. Developmental Psychology, 38(3), 339–351.PubMedCrossRef Kochanska, G. (2002). Committed compliance, moral self, and internalization: a mediational model. Developmental Psychology, 38(3), 339–351.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference MacKenzie, E. J. (2000). Epidemiology of injuries: Current trends and future challenges. Epidemiologic Review, 22(1), 112–119.CrossRef MacKenzie, E. J. (2000). Epidemiology of injuries: Current trends and future challenges. Epidemiologic Review, 22(1), 112–119.CrossRef
go back to reference Marsh, H. W., Ellis, L. A., & Craven, R. G. (2002). How do preschool children feel about themselves? Unraveling measurement and multidimensional self-concept structure. Developmental Psychology, 38(3), 376.PubMedCrossRef Marsh, H. W., Ellis, L. A., & Craven, R. G. (2002). How do preschool children feel about themselves? Unraveling measurement and multidimensional self-concept structure. Developmental Psychology, 38(3), 376.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Mayes, S., Roberts, M. C., Boles, Richard, E., & Brown, K. J. (2006). Children’s knowledge of household safety rules. Children’s Health Care, 35(3), 269–280.CrossRef Mayes, S., Roberts, M. C., Boles, Richard, E., & Brown, K. J. (2006). Children’s knowledge of household safety rules. Children’s Health Care, 35(3), 269–280.CrossRef
go back to reference Morrongiello, B. A., & Dawber, T. (2004). Identifying factors that relate to children’s risk taking decisions. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des Sciences Délután Comportement, 36(4), 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087235. Morrongiello, B. A., & Dawber, T. (2004). Identifying factors that relate to children’s risk taking decisions. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des Sciences Délután Comportement, 36(4), 255–266. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​h0087235.
go back to reference Morrongiello, B. A., Cusimano, M., Barton, B. K., Orr, E., Chipman, M., Tyberg, J., Abhaya Kulkarini, A., Khanlou, N., Masi, R., & Bekele, T. (2010a). Development of the BACKIE questionnaire: A measure of children’s behaviors, attitudes, cognitions, knowledge, and injury experiences. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(1), 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2009.07.006. Morrongiello, B. A., Cusimano, M., Barton, B. K., Orr, E., Chipman, M., Tyberg, J., Abhaya Kulkarini, A., Khanlou, N., Masi, R., & Bekele, T. (2010a). Development of the BACKIE questionnaire: A measure of children’s behaviors, attitudes, cognitions, knowledge, and injury experiences. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(1), 75–83. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​aap.​2009.​07.​006.
go back to reference Morrongiello, B. A., Zdzieborski, D., & Normand, J. (2010b). Understanding gender differences in children’s risk taking and injury: A comparison of mothers’ and fathers’ reactions to sons and daughters misbehaving in ways that lead to injury. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31(4), 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2010.05.004. Morrongiello, B. A., Zdzieborski, D., & Normand, J. (2010b). Understanding gender differences in children’s risk taking and injury: A comparison of mothers’ and fathers’ reactions to sons and daughters misbehaving in ways that lead to injury. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31(4), 322–329. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​appdev.​2010.​05.​004.
go back to reference Müller, E., Seiler, C. W., Perren, S., & Simoni, H. (2015). Young children’s self-perceived ability: development, factor structure and initial validation of a self-report instrument for preschoolers. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(2), 256–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-014-9447-9. Müller, E., Seiler, C. W., Perren, S., & Simoni, H. (2015). Young children’s self-perceived ability: development, factor structure and initial validation of a self-report instrument for preschoolers. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(2), 256–273. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s10862-014-9447-9.
go back to reference Peterson, L., & Mori, L. (1985). Prevention of Child Injury: An overview of targets, methods, and tactics for psychologists. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(5), 586–595.PubMedCrossRef Peterson, L., & Mori, L. (1985). Prevention of Child Injury: An overview of targets, methods, and tactics for psychologists. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53(5), 586–595.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Peterson, L., Heiblum, N., & Saldana, L. (1996). Validation of the Minor Injury Severity Scale: expert and novice quantification of minor injury. Behavior Therapy, 27(4), 515–530.CrossRef Peterson, L., Heiblum, N., & Saldana, L. (1996). Validation of the Minor Injury Severity Scale: expert and novice quantification of minor injury. Behavior Therapy, 27(4), 515–530.CrossRef
go back to reference Peterson, L., Mori, L., & Scissors, C. (1986). Mom or dad says I shouldn’t: Supervised and unsupervised children’s knowledge of their parents’ rules for home safety. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 11(2), 177–188.PubMedCrossRef Peterson, L., Mori, L., & Scissors, C. (1986). Mom or dad says I shouldn’t: Supervised and unsupervised children’s knowledge of their parents’ rules for home safety. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 11(2), 177–188.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pianta, R., (1999). Enhancing relationships between children and teachers. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.CrossRef Pianta, R., (1999). Enhancing relationships between children and teachers. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
go back to reference Plumert, J. M. (1995). Relations between children’s overestimation of their physical abilities and accident proneness. Developmental Psychology, 31, 866–876.CrossRef Plumert, J. M. (1995). Relations between children’s overestimation of their physical abilities and accident proneness. Developmental Psychology, 31, 866–876.CrossRef
go back to reference Plumert, J. M., & Schwebel, D. C. (1997). Social and temperamental influences on children’s overestimation of their physical abilities: Links to accidental injuries. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 67(3), 317–337.PubMedCrossRef Plumert, J. M., & Schwebel, D. C. (1997). Social and temperamental influences on children’s overestimation of their physical abilities: Links to accidental injuries. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 67(3), 317–337.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Power, T. G., Olvera, N., & Hays, J. (2002). Maternal socialization of safety practices among Mexican American children. Applied Developmental Psychology, 23(1), 83–97.CrossRef Power, T. G., Olvera, N., & Hays, J. (2002). Maternal socialization of safety practices among Mexican American children. Applied Developmental Psychology, 23(1), 83–97.CrossRef
go back to reference Ratcliffe, I., Franzsen, D., & Bischof, F. (2011). Development of a scissors skills programme for grade 0 children in South Africa. A pilot study. South African Journal of Occupational Therapy, 41(2), 24–32. Ratcliffe, I., Franzsen, D., & Bischof, F. (2011). Development of a scissors skills programme for grade 0 children in South Africa. A pilot study. South African Journal of Occupational Therapy, 41(2), 24–32.
go back to reference Santagati, G., Vezzosi, L., & Angelillo, I. (2016). Unintentional injuries in children up to six years of age and related parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in Italy. The Journal of Pediatrics, 177, 267–272.PubMedCrossRef Santagati, G., Vezzosi, L., & Angelillo, I. (2016). Unintentional injuries in children up to six years of age and related parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in Italy. The Journal of Pediatrics, 177, 267–272.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schmitt, N. (1996). Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha. Psychological Assessment, 8(4), 350–353.CrossRef Schmitt, N. (1996). Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha. Psychological Assessment, 8(4), 350–353.CrossRef
go back to reference Schwebel, D. C., Binder, S. C., & Plumert, J. M. (2002). Using an injury diary to describe the ecology of children’s daily injuries. Journal of Safety Research, 33, 301–319.PubMedCrossRef Schwebel, D. C., Binder, S. C., & Plumert, J. M. (2002). Using an injury diary to describe the ecology of children’s daily injuries. Journal of Safety Research, 33, 301–319.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schwebel, D. C., & Plumert, J. M. (1999). Longitudinal and concurrent relations among temperament, ability estimation, and injury proneness. Child Development, 70(3), 700–712.PubMedCrossRef Schwebel, D. C., & Plumert, J. M. (1999). Longitudinal and concurrent relations among temperament, ability estimation, and injury proneness. Child Development, 70(3), 700–712.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sethi, D., Towner, E., Vincenten, J., Segui-Gomez, M., & Racioppi, F. (2008). European report on child injury prevention. Rome: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Sethi, D., Towner, E., Vincenten, J., Segui-Gomez, M., & Racioppi, F. (2008). European report on child injury prevention. Rome: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe.
go back to reference Smetana, J. G. (1985). Preschool children’s conceptions of transgressions: effects of varying moral and conventional domain-related attributes. Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 18–29.CrossRef Smetana, J. G. (1985). Preschool children’s conceptions of transgressions: effects of varying moral and conventional domain-related attributes. Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 18–29.CrossRef
go back to reference Stagni Brenca, E., & Di Blasio, P. (2013). Valutazione del rischio di infortuni in bambini d’età prescolare: Uno studio preliminare sulla Injury Behavior Checklist. (Evaluation of accidents risk in preschool children. A preliminary study). Ricerche di Psicologia, 1, 47–62. Stagni Brenca, E., & Di Blasio, P. (2013). Valutazione del rischio di infortuni in bambini d’età prescolare: Uno studio preliminare sulla Injury Behavior Checklist. (Evaluation of accidents risk in preschool children. A preliminary study). Ricerche di Psicologia, 1, 47–62.
go back to reference Stern, B. L., & Peterson, L. (1999). Linking wrongdoing and consequence: A developmental analysis of children’s punishment orientation. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 160(2), 205–224.CrossRef Stern, B. L., & Peterson, L. (1999). Linking wrongdoing and consequence: A developmental analysis of children’s punishment orientation. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 160(2), 205–224.CrossRef
go back to reference Tisak, M. S., & Turiel, E. (1984). Children’s conceptions of moral and prudential rules. Child Development, 55(3), 1030–1039.CrossRef Tisak, M. S., & Turiel, E. (1984). Children’s conceptions of moral and prudential rules. Child Development, 55(3), 1030–1039.CrossRef
go back to reference Trimpop, R. M., (1994). The psychology of risk taking behavior. In G. E. Stelmach & P. A. Vroon (Eds.) Advances in psychology (pp. 107). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. Trimpop, R. M., (1994). The psychology of risk taking behavior. In G. E. Stelmach & P. A. Vroon (Eds.) Advances in psychology (pp. 107). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
go back to reference Wazana, A. (1997). Are there injury-prone children? A critical review of the literature. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(6), 602–610.PubMedCrossRef Wazana, A. (1997). Are there injury-prone children? A critical review of the literature. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(6), 602–610.PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Physical Risk Taking in Preschoolers: A Comparison Between Children’s and Mothers’ Perceptions
Auteurs
Anna Di Norcia
Anna Silvia Bombi
Eleonora Cannoni
Gemma Marano
Publicatiedatum
07-06-2018
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 9/2018
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1115-3