Skip to main content
Mijn bibliotheek
Shop
Nieuws Boeken Tijdschriften E-learning Web-tv Video Audio
Tips voor Mijn BSL
UITGEBREID ZOEKEN
Inloggen
Top
Cognitive Therapy and Research
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research 6/2013

01-12-2013 | Original Article

Perfectionism and Loneliness as Predictors of Depressive and Anxious Symptoms in Asian and European Americans: Do Self-Construal Schemas Also Matter?

Auteur: Edward C. Chang

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 6/2013

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

In the present study, we examined ethnic differences in perfectionism, loneliness, and self-construal schemas, as unique predictors of depressive and anxious symptoms in a sample of 223 Asian Americans and 309 European Americans. Results of comparative analyses indicated greater concern over mistakes, parental expectations, parental criticism, doubts about actions, loneliness, and interdependence in Asian, compared to European Americans. Furthermore, results of conducting hierarchical regression analyses indicated support for a pan-ethnic model involving perfectionism and loneliness as additive predictors of both depressive and anxious symptoms across Asian and European Americans. Interestingly, across both ethnic groups, self-construal was found to augment the prediction model of depressive symptoms, but not of anxious symptoms, beyond what was accounted for by perfectionism and loneliness. Some implications of the present findings are discussed.
vorige artikel Rejection Sensitivity is Associated with Quality of Life, Psychosocial Outcome, and the Course of Depression in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar I Disorder
volgende artikel Enhancement of False Memory for Negative Material in Dysphoria: Mood Congruency or Response Bias?
Literatuur
Alegría, M., Mulvaney-Day, N., Woo, M., & Viruell-Fuentes, E. A. (2012). Psychology of Latino adults: Challenges and an agenda for action. In E. C. Chang & C. A. Downey (Eds.), Handbook of race and development in mental health (pp. 279–306). New York: Springer Science + Business Media.CrossRef
Anderson, C. A. (1999). Attributional style, depression, and loneliness: A cross-cultural comparison of American and Chinese students. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 482–499.CrossRef
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988a). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.PubMedCrossRef
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Garbin, M. G. (1988b). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77–100.CrossRef
Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M. M., Mock, J. J., & Erbaugh, J. J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561–571.PubMedCrossRef
Blatt, S. J. (1995). The destructiveness of perfectionism: Implications for the treatment of depression. American Psychologist, 50, 1003–1020.PubMedCrossRef
Castro, J. R., & Rice, K. G. (2003). Perfectionism and ethnicity: Implications for depressive symptoms and self-reported academic achievement. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 9, 64–78.PubMedCrossRef
Chang, E. C. (1998). Cultural differences, perfectionism, and suicidal risk in a college population: Does social problem solving still matter? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22, 237–254.CrossRef
Chang, E. S., Heckhausen, J., Greeberger, E., & Chen, C. (2010). Shared agency with parents for educational goals: Ethnic differences and implications for college adjustment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 1293–1304.PubMedCrossRef
Chang, E. C., Hirsch, J. K., Sanna, L. J., Jeglic, E. L., & Fabian, C. G. (2011). A preliminary study of perfectionism and loneliness and predictors of depressive and anxious symptoms in Latinas: A top-down test of a model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58, 441–448.PubMedCrossRef
Chang, E. C., Sanna, L. J., Chang, R., & Bodem, M. R. (2008). A preliminary look at loneliness as a moderator of the link between perfectionism and depressive and anxious symptoms in college students: Does being lonely make perfectionistic strivings more distressing? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 877–886.PubMedCrossRef
Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (rev. ed.). New York: Academic Press.
DiBartolo, P., & Rendón, M. (2012). A critical examination of the construct of perfectionism and its relationship to mental health in Asian and African Americans using a cross-cultural framework. Clinical Psychology Review, 32, 139–152.PubMedCrossRef
DiTommaso, E., Brannen, C., & Burgess, M. (2005). The universality of relationship characteristics: A cross-cultural comparison of different types of attachment and loneliness in Canadian and visiting Chinese students. Social Behavior and Personality, 33, 57–68.CrossRef
Egan, S. J., Wade, T. D., & Shafran, R. (2011). Perfectionism as a transdiagnostic process: A clinical review. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 203–212.PubMedCrossRef
Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J. (2005). Perfectionism, stressful life events, and the 1-year outcome of depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 541–553.CrossRef
Franche, V., Gaudreau, P., & Miranda, D. (2012). The 2 × 2 model of perfectionism: A comparison across Asian Canadians and European Canadians. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59, 567–574.PubMedCrossRef
Frost, R. O., Heimberg, R. G., Holt, C. S., Mattia, J. I., & Neubauer, A. L. (1993). A comparison of two measures of perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 119–126.CrossRef
Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449–468.CrossRef
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). Loneliness matters: A theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40, 218–227.PubMedCrossRef
Heinrich, L. M., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: A literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 695–718.PubMedCrossRef
Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (2002). Perfectionism and stress processes in psychopathology. In G. L. Flett & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research and treatment (pp. 255–284). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRef
Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Ediger, E. (1996). Perfectionism and depression: Longitudinal assessment of a specific vulnerability hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 276–280.PubMedCrossRef
Hill, R. W., Huelsman, T. J., & Araujo, G. (2010). Perfectionistic concerns suppress associations between perfectionistic strivings and positive life outcomes. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 584–589.CrossRef
Ho, L. Y., & Lau, A. S. (2011). Do self-report measures of social anxiety reflect cultural bias or real difficulties for Asian American college students? Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 17, 52–58.PubMedCrossRef
Kawamura, K. Y., Frost, R. O., & Harmatz, M. G. (2002). The relationship of perceived parenting styles to perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 317–327.CrossRef
Kawamura, K. Y., Hunt, S. L., Frost, R. O., & DiBartolo, P. (2001). Perfectionism, anxiety, and depression: Are the relationships independent? Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 291–301.CrossRef
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognitions, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253.CrossRef
Mor, N., & Winquist, J. (2002). Self-focused attention and negative affect: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 638–662.PubMedCrossRef
O’Connor, R. C., Rasmussen, S., & Hawton, K. (2010). Predicting depression, anxiety and self-harm in adolescents: The role of perfectionism and acute life stress. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48, 52–59.
Purdon, C., Antony, M. M., & Swinson, R. P. (1999). Psychometric properties of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale in a clinical anxiety disorders sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 1271–1286.PubMedCrossRef
Rice, K. G., Ashby, J. S., & Slaney, R. B. (1998). Self-esteem as a mediator between perfectionism and depression: A structural equations analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 304–314.CrossRef
Rokach, A. (1998). The relation of cultural background to the causes of loneliness. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 75–88.CrossRef
Rokach, A., & Sharma, M. (1996). The loneliness experience in a cultural context. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 11, 827–839.
Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 472–480.PubMedCrossRef
Shafran, R., & Mansell, W. (2001). Perfectionism and psychopathology: A review of research and treatment. Clinical Psychology Review, 21, 879–906.PubMedCrossRef
Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 580–591.CrossRef
Slaney, R. B., Rice, K. G., Mobley, M., Trippi, J., & Ashby, J. S. (2001). The Revised Almost Perfect Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34, 130–145.
Stöber, J., & Joormann, J. (2001). Worry, procrastination, and perfectionism: Differentiating amount of worry, pathological worry, anxiety, and depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 49–60.CrossRef
Stoeber, J., Kobori, O., & Tanno, Y. (2013). Perfectionism and self-conscious emotions in British and Japanese students: Predicting pride and embarrassment after success and failure. European Journal of Personality, 27, 59–70.CrossRef
Triandis, H. C., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M. J., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988). Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323–338.CrossRef
Wang, K. T. (2010). The Family Almost Perfect Scale: Development, psychometric properties, and comparing Asian and European Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 1, 186–199.CrossRef
Yoon, J., & Lau, A. S. (2008). Maladaptive perfectionism and depressive symptoms among Asian American college students: Contributions of interdependence and parental relations. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 92–101.PubMedCrossRef
Zhang, X., Yeung, D. Y., Fung, H. H., & Lang, F. R. (2011). Changes in peripheral social partners and loneliness over time: The moderating role of interdependence. Psychology and Aging, 26, 823–829.PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Perfectionism and Loneliness as Predictors of Depressive and Anxious Symptoms in Asian and European Americans: Do Self-Construal Schemas Also Matter?
Auteur
Edward C. Chang
Publicatiedatum
01-12-2013
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 6/2013
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-013-9549-9

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2013

Cognitive Therapy and Research 6/2013 Naar de uitgave

Original Article

Is Performance on the Go/Nogo Task Related to Not Just Right Experiences in Patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

Original Article

Depression in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): The Mediating Role of Cognitive-Behavioral Factors

Original Article

Social Anxiety and Gaze Avoidance: Averting Gaze but not Anxiety

Brief Report

Rumination, Reflection and Distress: An 8-Month Prospective Study of Colon-Cancer Patients

Original Article

Self-esteem Reactivity Among Mothers of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Moderating Role of Depression History

Original Article

Is Doubling Up on Positive Future Cognitions Associated with Lower Suicidal Risk in Latinos?: A Look at Hope and Positive Problem Orientation