Top

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

07-02-2022

Perceived Rejection in Personality Psychopathology: The Role of Attachment and Gender

Auteurs: Kelsey Priebe, Emily B. Sorem, Jaime L. Anderson

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2022

Abstract

Prior research suggests that individuals with higher rates of personality psychopathology are more likely to endorse insecure attachment patterns which can lead to stronger reactions towards perceived rejection. This study investigated how attachment style and gender moderate the strength of the association between personality psychopathology and reactions to perceived rejection. To examine the role of attachment and gender in the relationship between personality psychopathology and reactions to perceived rejection, an undergraduate sample of 150 students, as well as an Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) sample of 278 individuals, completed various personality and attachment self-report measures and watched video clips addressing rejection from parents, peers, and romantic partners. Multivariate analyses of variance and moderation effects suggested that attachment patterns inconsistently moderate maladaptive reactions to rejection, and that gender moderates the relationship between personality psychopathology and externalizing reactions to rejection. Specifically, men with more pronounced Antagonism and Psychoticism trait facets demonstrated a higher propensity towards externalizing and internalizing reactions to rejection than women in these domains.

vorige artikel Sluggish Cognitive Tempo as a Transdiagnostic Link Between Adult ADHD and Internalizing Symptoms

volgende artikel ADHD Behaviors and Social Functioning in Preschool Children: The Moderating Role of Emotion Recognition

Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers

Only results for the PID-5-SF domain scores are presented in the current manuscript for brevity. Facet level results are available upon request.

Ainsworth, M. D., & Bell, S. M. (1970). Attachment, Exploration, and Separation: Illustrated by the Behavior of One-Year-Olds in a Strange Situation. Child Development, 41(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.2307/1127388CrossRefPubMed

Al-Dajani, N., Gralnick, T. M., & Bagby, R. M. (2015). A psychometric review of the Personality Inventory for DSM–5 (PID–5): Current status and future directions. Journal of Personality Assessment, 98(1), 62–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2015.1107572CrossRefPubMed

Alegria, A. A., Blanco, C., Petry, N. M., Skodol, A. E., Liu, S., Grant, B., & Hasin, D. (2013). Sex differences in antisocial personality disorder: Results from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 4(3), 214–222. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031681CrossRef

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Author.CrossRef

Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2009). The first 10,000 Adult Attachment Interviews: Distributions of adult attachment representations in clinical and non-clinical groups. Attachment & Human Development, 11(3), 223–263. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616730902814762CrossRef

Beeney, J. E., Stepp, S. D., Hallquist, M. N., Scott, L. N., Wright, A. G., Ellison, W. D., & Pilkonis, P. A. (2015). Attachment and social cognition in borderline personality disorder: Specificity in relation to antisocial and avoidant personality disorders. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 6(3), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000110CrossRef

Bender, D. S., Dolan, R. T., Skodol, A. E., Sanislow, C. A., Dyck, I. R., McGlashan, T. H., & Gunderson, J. G. (2001). Treatment utilization by patients with personality disorders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(2), 295–302. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.2.295CrossRefPubMed

Berk, S., & Rhodes, B. (2005). Maladaptive dependency traits in men. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 69(3), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2005.69.3.187CrossRefPubMed

Bonferroni, C. E. (1935)."Il calcolo delle assicurazioni su gruppi di teste." In Studi in Onore del Professore Salvatore Ortu Carboni. Rome: Italy, pp. 13–60.

Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult romantic attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46–76). Guilford Press.

Carlson, E. A., & Sroufe, L. A. (1995). Contribution of attachment theory to developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Wiley series on personality processes. Developmental psychopathology, Vol. 1. Theory and methods (pp. 581–617). Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons.

Cassidy, J., Johnes, J. D., & Shaver, P. R. (2013). Contributions of attachment theory and research: A framework for future research, translation, and policy. Development and Psychopathology, 25(4pt2), 1415–1434. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579413000692CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Chiesa, M., Cirasola, A., Williams, R., Nassisi, V., & Fonagy, P. (2017). Categorical and dimensional approaches in the evaluation of the relationship between attachment and personality disorders: An empirical study. Attachment & Human Development, 19(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2016.1261915CrossRef

Clark, L. A. (2007). Assessment and diagnosis of personality disorder: Perennial issues and an emerging reconceptualization. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), 227–257. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190200CrossRefPubMed

Conradi, H. J., Boertien, S. D., Cavus, H., & Verschuere, B. (2016). Examining psychopathy from an attachment perspective: The role of fear of rejection and abandonment. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 27(1), 92–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2015.1077264CrossRef

Corbitt, E. M., & Widiger, T. A. (1995). Sex differences among the personality disorders: An exploration of the data. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 2(3), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1995.tb00041.xCrossRef

DeKlyen, M., & Greenberg, M. T. (2008). Attachment and psychopathology in childhood. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 637–665). Guilford.

Dewall, C. N., Masten, C. L., Powell, C., Combs, D., Schurtz, D. R., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2011). Do neural responses to rejection depend on attachment style? An fMRI study. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 7(2), 184–192. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsq107CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Disney, K. L., Weinstein, Y., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2012). Personality disorder symptoms are differentially related to divorce frequency. Journal of Family Psychology, 26(6), 959–965. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030446CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Dunne, A. L., Gilbert, F., & Daffern, M. (2018). Elucidating the relationship between personality disorder traits and aggression using the new DSM-5 dimensional–categorical model for personality disorder. Psychology of Violence, 8(5), 615–629. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000144CrossRef

Dutton, D. G. (2002). Personality dynamics of intimate abusiveness. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 8, 216–228. https://doi.org/10.1097/00131746-200207000-00005CrossRefPubMed

Dutton, D., Saunders, K., Starzomski, A., & Bartholomew, K. (2006). Intimacy-anger and insecure attachment as precursors of abuse in intimate relationships. Journal of Applied Social Psychology., 24, 1367–1386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1994.tb01554.xCrossRef

Dutton, D. G., Saunders, K., Starzomski, A., & Bartholomew, K. (1994). Intimacy–anger and insecure attachment as precursors of abuse in intimate relationships. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 1367–1386.CrossRef

Eisenberger, N. I. (2003). Does rejection hurt? An fMRI study of social exclusion. Science, 302(5643), 290–292. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1089134CrossRefPubMed

Ettner, S. L., Maclean, J. C., & French, M. T. (2010). Does having a dysfunctional personality hurt your career? Axis II personality disorders and labor market outcomes. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 50(1), 149–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232x.2010.00629.xCrossRef

Fearon, R. P., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Ijzendoorn, M. H., Lapsley, A., & Roisman, G. I. (2010). The significance of insecure attachment and disorganization in the development of children’s externalizing behavior: A meta-analytic study. Child Development, 81(2), 435–456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01405.xCrossRefPubMed

Fowler, K. A., O’Donohue, W. T., & Lilenfeld, S. O. (2007). Personality disorders in perspectives. In W. T. O’Donohue, K. A. Fowler & S. O. Lilenfeld (Eds.), Personality disorders. Toward the DSM-V (pp. 1–20). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.

Gawda, B., & Czubak, K. (2017). Prevalence of personality disorders in a general population among men and women. Psychological Reports, 120(3), 503–519. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294117692807CrossRefPubMed

Grant, B. F., Hasin, D. S., Stinson, F. S., Dawson, D. A., Chou, S. P., Ruan, W. J., & Pickering, R. P. (2004). Prevalence, correlates, and disability of personality disorders in the United States. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65(7), 948–958. https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v65n0711CrossRefPubMed

Graupmann, V., Pfundmair, M., Matsoukas, P., & Erber, R. (2016). Rejection Via Video. Social Psychology, 47(6), 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000283CrossRef

Groh, A. M., Roisman, G. I., Ijzendoorn, M. H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Fearon, R. P. (2012). The significance of insecure and disorganized attachment for children’s internalizing symptoms: A meta-analytic study. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01711.xCrossRefPubMed

Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511–524.CrossRef

Hengartner, M. P., Wyl, A. V., Tanis, T., Halmi, W., Galynker, I., & Cohen, L. J. (2015). Severity of personality disorders and domains of general personality dysfunction related to attachment. Personality and Mental Health, 9(3), 195–207. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1297CrossRefPubMed

Johnson, J. G., Cohen, P., Smailes, E. M., Skodol, A. E., Brown, J., & Oldham, J. M. (2001). Childhood verbal abuse and risk for personality disorders during adolescence and early adulthood. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 42(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.1053/comp.2001.19755CrossRefPubMed

Kochanska, G., Barry, R. A., Stellern, S. A., & O’Bleness, J. J. (2009). Early attachment organization moderates the parent-child mutually coercive pathway to children’s antisocial conduct. Child Development, 80(4), 1288–1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01332.xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kotov, R., Krueger, R. F., Watson, D., Achenbach, T. M., Althoff, R. R., Bagby, R. M., & Simms, L. J. (2017). Supplemental Material for The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): A dimensional alternative to traditional nosologies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000258.suppCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Krueger, R. F., Derringer, J., Markon, K. E., Watson, D., & Skodol, A. E. (2012). Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5. Psychological Medicine, 42(09), 1891. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712000748CrossRef

Krueger, R. F., & Markon, K. E. (2014). The role of the DSM-5 personality trait model in moving toward a quantitative and empirically based approach to classifying personality and psychopathology. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10(1), 477–501. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153732CrossRefPubMed

Lawson, D. M., Barnes, A. D., Madkins, J. P., & Francois-Lamonte, B. M. (2006). Changes in male partner abuser attachment styles in group treatment. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43(2), 232–237. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.43.2.232CrossRef

Leary, M. R. (2015). Emotional responses to interpersonal rejection. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(4), 435–441.CrossRef

Levy, K. N. (1993). Adult attachment styles and personality pathology. New research presented at the 1993 American Psychiatric Association Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA.

Levy, K. N. (2005). The implications of attachment theory and research for understanding borderline personality disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 17(04). https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579405050455

Levy, K. N., Johnson, B. N., Clouthier, T. L., Scala, J. W., & Temes, C. M. (2015). An attachment theoretical framework for personality disorders. Canadian Psychology/psychologie Canadienne, 56(2), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1037/cap0000025CrossRef

Loas, G., Cormier, J., & Perez-Diaz, F. (2011). Dependent personality disorder and physical abuse. Psychiatry Research, 185(1–2), 167–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2009.06.011CrossRefPubMed

Lyons-Ruth, K. (1996). Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems: The role of disorganized early attachment patterns. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.64.1.64CrossRefPubMed

Main, M. (1996). Introduction to the special section on attachment and psychopathology: 2. Overview of the field of attachment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(2), 237–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.64.2.237CrossRefPubMed

Maples, J. L., Carter, N. T., Few, L. R., Crego, C., Gore, W. L., Samuel, D. B., Williamson, R. L., Lynam, D. R., Widiger, T. A., Markon, K. E., Drueger, R. F., & Miller, J. D. (2015). Testing whether the DSM-5 personality disorder trait model can be measured with a reduced set of items: An item response theory investigation of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Psychological Assessment, 27(4).CrossRefPubMed

Mayo Clinic. (2016, September 23). Personality disorders. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/personality-disorders/symptoms-causes/syc-20354463

Meyer, B., Ajchenbrenner, M., & Bowles, D. P. (2005). Sensory sensitivity, attachment experiences, and rejection responses among adults with borderline and avoidant features. Journal of Personality Disorders, 19(6), 641–658. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2005.19.6.641CrossRefPubMed

Miller, S., & Klockner, K. (2019). Attachment styles and attachment based change in offenders in a prison Therapeutic Community. Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice, 19(3), 260–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/24732850.2019.1603956CrossRef

Millon, T. (1992). Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory: I and II. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70, 421– 426.CrossRef

Neumann, E. (2017). Emotional abuse in childhood and attachment anxiety in adult romantic relationships as predictors of personality disorders. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 26(4), 430–443. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2017.1299826CrossRef

Paris, J. (2004). Gender differences in personality traits and disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 6(1), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-004-0042-8CrossRefPubMed

Pearlman, L. A., & Courtois, C. A. (2005). Clinical applications of the attachment framework: Relational treatment of complex trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(5), 449–459. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20052CrossRefPubMed

Renken, B., Egeland, B., Marvinney, D., Mangelsdorf, S., & Sroufe, L. A. (1989). Early childhood antecedents of aggression and passive-withdrawal in early elementary school. Journal of Personality, 57(2), 257–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1989.tb00483.xCrossRefPubMed

Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A. (2011). Gender patterns in borderline personality disorder. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, 8(5), 16–20.PubMedPubMedCentral

Scharfe, E., & Bartholomew, K. (1994). Reliability and stability of adult attachment patterns. Personal Relationships, 1(1), 23–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.1994.tb00053.xCrossRef

Scott, L. N., Wright, A. G. C., Beeney, J. E., Lazarus, S. A., Pilkonis, P. A., & Stepp, S. D. (2017). Borderline personality disorder symptoms and aggression: A within-person process model. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 126(4), 429–440. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000272CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Shaver, P. R., & Hazan, C. (1993). Adult romantic attachment: Theory and evidence. In D. Perlman & W. Jones (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (Vol. 4., pp. 29–70). London: Jessica Kingsley.

Skodol, A. E., Gunderson, J. G., McGlashan, T. H., Dyck, I. R., Stout, R. L., Bender, D. S., Grilo, C. M., Shea, M. T., Zanarini, M. C., Morey, L. C., Sanislow, C. A., & Oldham, J. M. (2002). Functional impairment in patients with schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(2), 276–283.CrossRef

South, S. C., Turkheimer, E., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2008). Personality disorder symptoms and marital functioning. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 769–780. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013346CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ward, J. H., Jr. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58, 236–244.CrossRef

Weinstein, Y., Gleason, M. E., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2012). Borderline but not antisocial personality disorder symptoms are related to self-reported partner aggression in late middle-age. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121(3), 692–698. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028994CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: Perceived Rejection in Personality Psychopathology: The Role of Attachment and Gender
Auteurs: Kelsey Priebe
Emily B. Sorem
Jaime L. Anderson
Publicatiedatum: 07-02-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2022
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-022-09961-z

Open Access

Prospective Associations Between Peer Victimization and Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescence: The Protective Role of Hope

Empirically based dimensions of externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: a multitrait-multisource approach

Open Access

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Perceived Rejection in Personality Psychopathology: The Role of Attachment and Gender

Abstract

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2022

Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia

The Development and Initial Validation of the Adult Coping Inventory

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo as a Transdiagnostic Link Between Adult ADHD and Internalizing Symptoms

Irritability and Emotional Impulsivity as Core Feature of ADHD and ODD in Children

Prospective Associations Between Peer Victimization and Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescence: The Protective Role of Hope

Empirically based dimensions of externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: a multitrait-multisource approach

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Severity Measure for Specific Phobia

The Development and Initial Validation of the Adult Coping Inventory

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo as a Transdiagnostic Link Between Adult ADHD and Internalizing Symptoms

Irritability and Emotional Impulsivity as Core Feature of ADHD and ODD in Children

Prospective Associations Between Peer Victimization and Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescence: The Protective Role of Hope

Empirically based dimensions of externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: a multitrait-multisource approach