Top

Journal of Child and Family Studies

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Gepubliceerd in:

30-11-2017 | Original Paper

Perceived Parental Acceptance-Rejection and Children’s Psychological Adjustment: The Moderating Effects of Sex and Age

Auteurs: Isabel Ramírez-Uclés, María José González-Calderón, Victoria del Barrio-Gándara, Miguel Ángel Carrasco

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 4/2018

Abstract

Although numerous studies have confirmed the relation between parental rejection and the psychological adjustment of children, few have explored the potential moderating effects of children’s age and sex on this relation, nor considered maternal and paternal rejection separately. In order to further examine this relation, psychological adjustment and perceived parental rejection were examined among 983 school children aged 9–18 years (54% girls). The Personality Adjustment Questionnaire (PAQ) and the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) were used. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted and post hoc analyses were performed to examine any significant interactions between the investigated variables. The results confirm that perceived rejection by both parents is significantly associated with several dimensions of children’s psychological adjustment. Moreover, this relation was moderated by children’s sex and age for some adjustment dimensions. Perceived parental rejection tended to have a more robust effect on daughters than on sons and on younger children (boys and girls) than on older children. In addition, maternal rejection contributed to a greater extent to the negative self-esteem and the negative self-adequacy of younger children compared to older children. Besides, paternal rejection contributed to a greater extent to the emotional instability and the negative self-adequacy of girls compared to boys. Understanding this relation and its moderators at early stages can help design accurate prevention and intervention programs within a family setting. This knowledge will help professionals focus on specific and suitable adjustment dimensions according to a child’s sex and at an appropriate stage of the developmental process, and help children avoid the development of future negative psychological outcomes.

vorige artikel Psychosocial Needs of Children in Foster Care and the Impact of Sexual Abuse

volgende artikel Impact of Affective Profiles on School Refusal in a Spanish Sample of Primary Education

Akse, J., Hale, W. W., Engels, R., Raaijmakers, Q. A. W., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2004). Personality, perceived parental rejection and problem behavior in adolescence. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 39, 980–988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-004-0834-5. CrossRef

Ali, S. (2011). Correlations between the child PARQ and child PAQ in Pakistan. Unpublished raw data.

Ali, S., Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. (2015). Pancultural gender differences in the relation between perceived parental acceptance and psychological adjustment of children and adult offspring: A meta-analytic review of worldwide research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 46(8), 1059–1080. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022115597754. CrossRef

Azam, A., & Kumar, G. V. (2009). The relationship between perceived parental acceptation-rejection and the emotional health problems of adolescents in South India. Journal of Social Research, 4(1), 109–119.

Borke, J., Lamm, B., Eickhorst, A., & Keller, H. (2007). Father-infant interaction, paternal ideas about early child care, and their consequences for the development of children’s self-recognition. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 168(4), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.3200/GNTP.168.4.365-380. CrossRefPubMed

Carrasco, M. A., Holgado, F. P., & del Barrio, V. (2014). Effects of parental interpersonal power/prestige and acceptance on the psychological adjustment of Spanish youth. Cross-Cultural Research, 48, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397114528466. CrossRef

Carrasco, M. A., Holgado, P. F., Rodríguez, M. A., & del Barrio, V. (2009). Concurrent and across-time relations between mother/father hostility and children’s aggression: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Violence, 24, 213–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-92222-y. CrossRef

Carrasco, M. A., & Rohner, R. P. (2013). Parental acceptance and children’s psychological adjustment in the context of power and prestige. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22, 1130–1137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9675-0. CrossRef

Collins, W. A., & Russell, G. (1991). Mother–child and father–child relationship in middle childhood and adolescence: A developmental analysis. Developmental Review, 11, 99–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(91)90004-8. CrossRef

Cournoyer, D. E., Sethi, R., & Cordero, A. (2005). Perceptions of parental acceptance-rejection and self-concepts among Ukrainian university students. Ethos, 33(3), 335–346. https://doi.org/10.1525/eth.2005.33.3.335. CrossRef

del Barrio, V., Ramírez-Uclés, I., Romero, C., & Carrasco, M. A. (2014). Adaptación del Child-PARQ/Control: versiones para el padre y la madre (Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire: Mother and Father versions) en población infantil y adolescente española. Acción Psicológica, 11, 27–46. https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.11.2.14173. CrossRef

Dubeau, D., Coutu, S., & Lavigueur, S. (2013). Links between different measures of mother/father involvement and child social adjustment. Early Child Development and Care, 183, 791–809. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2012.723442. CrossRef

Fairbanks, J. M., Brown, T. M., Cassedy, A., Taylor, H. G., Yeates, K. O., & Wade, S. L. (2013). Maternal warm responsiveness and negativity following traumatic brain injury in young children. Rehabilitation Psychology, 58(3), 223–32. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033119. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Feinberg, M. E., Howe, G. W., Reiss, D., & Hetherington, M. E. (2000). Relationship between perceptual differences of parenting and adolescent antisocial behavior and depressive symptoms. Journal of Family Psychology, 14, 531–555. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.14.4.531. CrossRefPubMed

Gau, S. S. F., & Chang, J. P. C. (2013). Maternal parenting styles and mother–child relationship among adolescents with and without persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(5), 1581–1594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.02.002. CrossRefPubMed

Giauguzi, A., & Giovazolias, T. (2015). Remembered parental rejection and social anxiety: the mediating role of partner acceptance-rejection. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 3170–3179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007s108.26-015-0120-z. CrossRef

Gjerde, P. F., Block, J., & Block, J. H. (1988). Depressive symptoms and personality during late adolescence: gender differences in the externalization-internalization of symptom expression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 475–486. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.97.4.475. CrossRefPubMed

González, M. J., & y Suárez, J. C. (2014). Propiedades psicométricas y dimensionalidad de la versión española para niños y adolescentes del Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ). Acción Psicológica, 11(2), 77–96. CrossRef

Gracia, E., Lila, M., & Musito, G. (2005). Parental rejection and psychosocial adjustment of children. Salud Mental, 28(2), 73–81.

Hale, W., VanderValk, I., Akse, J., & Meeus, W. (2008). The interplay of early adolescents’ depressive symptoms, aggression and perceived parental rejection: A four-year community study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(8), 928–940. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9280-0. CrossRef

Harris, K. M., & Morgan, S. P. (1991). Fathers, sons, and daughters: Differential paternal involvement in parenting. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 531–544. CrossRef

Hayes, A.F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1111/jedm.12050

Kapur, R., & Gill, S. (1986). Relationship between parental acceptance-rejection and self-esteem. Indian Psychological Review, 30(6), 15–17.

Khaleque, A. (2013). Perceived parental warmth and affection, and children’s psychological adjustment, and personality dispositions: A meta-analysis. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22, 297–306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9579-z. CrossRef

Khaleque, A (2015). Perceived parental neglect, and children’s psychological maladjustment, and negative personality dispositions: A meta-analysis of multicultural studies. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24, 1419–1428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s108.26-014-9948-x. CrossRef

Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2002). Reliability of measures assessing the pancultural association between perceived parental acceptance-rejection and psychological adjustment: A meta-analysis of cross-cultural and intracultural studies. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 87–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033001006. CrossRef

Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2012a). Pancultural associations between perceived parental acceptance and psychological adjustment of children and adults: A meta-analytic review of worldwide research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43, 784–800. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022111406120. CrossRef

Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2012b). Transnational relations between perceived parental acceptance and personality dispositions of children and adults: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 15, 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311418986. CrossRef

Killoren, S. E., & Deutsch, A. R. (2013). A longitudinal examination of parenting processes and Latino youth’s risky sexual behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-013-0053-z

Kim, E. (2008). Psychological adjustment in young Korean American adolescents and parental warmth. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 21, 195–201. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6171.2008.00154.x. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Klahr, A. M., Klump, K. L., & Burt, S. A. (2014). The etiology of the association between child antisocial behavior and maternal negativity varies across aggressive and no aggressive rule breaking forms of antisocial behavior. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 42, 1299–1311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-014-9886-5.

Lewis, C., & Lamb, M. E. (2003). Fathers’ influences on children’s development: The evidence from two-parent families. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 18, 211–228. CrossRef

Lila, M., García, F., & Gracia, E. (2007). Perceived paternal and maternal acceptance and children’s outcomes in Colombia. Social Behaviour and Personality, 35, 115–124. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.1.115. CrossRef

McKinney, C., Donnelly, R., & Renk, K. (2008). Perceived parenting, positive and negative perceptions of parents, and late adolescent emotional adjustment. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 13, 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3588.2007.00452.x. CrossRef

Miranda, M. C., Affuso, G., Esposito, C., & Bacchini, D. (2015). Parental acceptance-rejection and adolescent maladjustment: mother’s and father’s combined roles. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 1352–1362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-015-0305-5. CrossRef

Morgan, S. P., Lye, D. N., & Condran, G. A. (1988). Sons, daughters, and the risk of marital disruption. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 110–129. CrossRef

Naz, F., & Kausar, R. (2012). Parental rejection and comorbid disorders in adolescents with somatization disorders. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 22(1), 125–142.

Nomaguchi, K. M. (2012). Parenthood and psychological well-being: clarifying the role of child age and parent-child relationship quality. Social Science Research, 41, 489–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.08.001. CrossRefPubMed

Oliva, A. (2006). Family relations and adolescent development. Anuario Délelőtt Psicología, 37, 209–223.

Phares, V., Fields, S., & Kamboukos, D. (2009). Fathers’ and mothers’ involvement with their adolescents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-008-9200-7. CrossRef

Raley, S., & Bianchi, S. (2006). Sons, daughters, and family processes: Does gender of children matter? Annual Review of Sociology, 32, 401–421. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.32.061604.123106. CrossRef

Rodríguez, M. A., del Barrio, V., & Carrasco, M. A. (2009). How do children perceive maternal and paternal upbringing? Sex and age differences. Escritos Délelőtt Psicología, 2, 10–18.

Rohner, R. P. (2004). The parental “acceptance-rejection syndrome”: Universal correlates of perceived rejection. American Psychologist, 59, 830–840. CrossRefPubMed

Rohner, R. P., & Britner, P. A. (2002). Worldwide mental health correlates of parental acceptance-rejection: Review of crosscultural and intracultural evidence. Cross-Cultural Research, 36, 16–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/106939710203600102. CrossRef

Rohner, R. P., & Khaleque, A. (2005). Personality Assessment Questionnaire (PAQ): Test manual. In R. P. Rohner & A. Khaleque (Eds.), Handbook for the study of parental acceptance and rejection, fourth edition (pp. 187–225). Storrs, CT: Rohner Research Publications.

Rohner, R. P., & Khaleque, A. (2010). Testing central postulates of parental acceptance‐rejection theory (PARTheory): A meta‐analysis of cross‐cultural studies. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 2(1), 73–87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-2589.2010.00040.x. CrossRef

Rohner, R. P., Khaleque, A., & Cournoyer, D. (2005). Parental acceptance-rejection theory, methods, evidence, and implications. In R. P. Rohner & A. Khaleque (Ed.), Handbook for the study of parental acceptance and rejection, fourth edition (pp. 1–35). Storrs, CT: Rohner Research Publications.

Rohner, R.P., Khaleque, A., & Cournoyer, D. (2012). Introduction to parental acceptance-rejection theory, methods, evidence, and implications. http://www.csiar.uconn.edu.

Rohner, R. P., & Veneziano, R. A. (2001). The importance of father love: history and contemporary evidence. Review of General Psychology, 5, 382–405. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.382. CrossRef

Rosa, A. I., Parada, J. L., & Rosa, A. (2014). Síntomas psicopatológicos en adolescentes españoles: relación con los estilos parentales percibidos y la autoestima. Anales Délelőtt Psicología, 30, 134–143. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.30.1.165371.

Shanahan, L., McHale, S. M., Crouter, A. C., & Osgood, D. W. (2007). Warmth with mothers and fathers from middle childhood to late adolescence: within -and between- families comparisons. Developmental Psychology, 43, 551–563. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.551. CrossRefPubMed

Shek, D. T. L. (2000). Differences between fathers and mothers in the treatment of, and relationship with their teenage children: Perceptions of Chinese Adolescents. Adolescence, 35, 135–145. PubMed

Shelton, K. H., & Harold, G. T. (2008). Interparental conflict, negative parenting, and children’s adjustment: Bridging links between parents’ depression and children’s psychological distress. Journal of Family Psychology, 22(5), 712–724. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013515. CrossRefPubMed

Spera, Ch (2005). A review of the relationship among parenting practices, parenting styles, and adolescent school achievement. Educational Psychology Review, 17, 125–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-005-3950-1. CrossRef

Steinberg, L. (2001). We know some things: Parent-adolescent relations in retrospect and prospect. Journal of Research on adolescence, 11, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/1532-7795.00001. CrossRef

Tucker, C. J., McHale, S. M., & Crouter, A. (2003). Dimensions of mothers’ and fathers’ differential treatment of siblings: Links with adolescents’ sex-typed personal qualities. Family Relations, 52, 82–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00082.x. CrossRef

Veneziano, R. A. (2000). Perceived paternal and maternal acceptance, and rural African American and European American youths’ psychological adjustment. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00123.x. CrossRef

Yoo, C. S., & Miller, L. D. (2011). Culture and parenting: psychological adjustment among Chinese Canadian adolescents. Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 45, 34–52.

Titel: Perceived Parental Acceptance-Rejection and Children’s Psychological Adjustment: The Moderating Effects of Sex and Age
Auteurs: Isabel Ramírez-Uclés
María José González-Calderón
Victoria del Barrio-Gándara
Miguel Ángel Carrasco
Publicatiedatum: 30-11-2017
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0975-2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 4/2018

Similarities and Differences in the Psychosocial Development of Children Placed in Different 24-h Settings

Barriers to Participation in Parenting Programs: The Relationship between Parenting Stress, Perceived Barriers, and Program Completion

The Treatment of Childhood Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Ambulatory Mental Health Centers

Going Beyond Frequency: A Qualitative Study to Explore New Dimensions for the Measurement of Family Meals

State Trust in Middle Childhood: An Experimental Manipulation of Maternal Support

Family Poverty, Family Processes and Children’s Preschool Achievement: Understanding the Unique Role of Fathers