Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies 3/2009

01-06-2009 | Original Paper

Perceived Energy for Parenting: A New Conceptualization and Scale

Auteurs: Heather C. Janisse, Douglas Barnett, Mary A. Nies

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 3/2009

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Parenting may be the most physically and mentally demanding social role people encounter during their life. Personal resources are essential to child rearing, yet perceptions of parenting energy have been largely unexplored. This manuscript reports on the need for and development of a measure of perceived energy for parenting (PEP), as well as a preliminary study examining its reliability and validity. A 10-item self-report questionnaire was created to assess perceived energy for parenting. The survey was administered to a sample of 170 mothers. To examine the convergent and discriminant validity of PEP, mothers also completed measures of physical activity, exercise, mood, self-esteem, parental self-efficacy and satisfaction. Analyses indicated that PEP assessed a single underlying dimension, yielding an internally consistent scale. PEP uniquely contributed to predicting parental perceived efficacy and satisfaction. The PEP appears to be a useful tool for assessing meaningful individual differences among parents. Evidence was found for its convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. Future research is necessary to examine the contribution perceived energy for parenting makes to important parenting behaviors such as sensitivity, monitoring, and discipline.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
go back to reference Bhui, K., & Fletcher, A. (2000). Common mood and anxiety states: Gender differences in the protective effect of physical activity. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 35(1), 28–35. doi:10.1007/s001270050005.PubMedCrossRef Bhui, K., & Fletcher, A. (2000). Common mood and anxiety states: Gender differences in the protective effect of physical activity. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 35(1), 28–35. doi:10.​1007/​s001270050005.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Blair, S. N. (1984). How to assess exercise habits and physical fitness. In S. M. Weiss, J. A. Herd, N. E. Miller & S. M. Weiss (Eds.), Behavioral health: A handbook of health enhancement and disease prevention (pp. 424–447). New York: Wiley. Blair, S. N. (1984). How to assess exercise habits and physical fitness. In S. M. Weiss, J. A. Herd, N. E. Miller & S. M. Weiss (Eds.), Behavioral health: A handbook of health enhancement and disease prevention (pp. 424–447). New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: Vol 1. Attachment (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books. Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: Vol 1. Attachment (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books.
go back to reference Boyle, G. J. (1987). A cross-validation of the factor structure of the profile of mood states: Were the factors correctly identified in the first instance? Psychological Reports, 60, 343–354. Boyle, G. J. (1987). A cross-validation of the factor structure of the profile of mood states: Were the factors correctly identified in the first instance? Psychological Reports, 60, 343–354.
go back to reference Bradley, R. H., & Caldwell, B. M. (1995). Caregiving and the regulation of child growth and development: Describing proximal aspect of caregiving systems. Developmental Review, 15, 38–85. doi:10.1006/drev.1995.1002.CrossRef Bradley, R. H., & Caldwell, B. M. (1995). Caregiving and the regulation of child growth and development: Describing proximal aspect of caregiving systems. Developmental Review, 15, 38–85. doi:10.​1006/​drev.​1995.​1002.CrossRef
go back to reference Christmas, C., & Andersen, R. A. (2000). Exercise and older patients: Guidelines for the clinician. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 48(3), 318–324.PubMed Christmas, C., & Andersen, R. A. (2000). Exercise and older patients: Guidelines for the clinician. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 48(3), 318–324.PubMed
go back to reference Copeland, D. B. (1999). Maternal competence and health status in early parenthood. Unpublished Ph.D. Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA. Copeland, D. B. (1999). Maternal competence and health status in early parenthood. Unpublished Ph.D. Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA.
go back to reference Cutrona, C. E., & Troutman, B. R. (1986). Social support, infant temperament, and parenting self-efficacy: A mediational model of postpartum depression. Child Development, 57, 1507–1518. doi:10.2307/1130428.PubMedCrossRef Cutrona, C. E., & Troutman, B. R. (1986). Social support, infant temperament, and parenting self-efficacy: A mediational model of postpartum depression. Child Development, 57, 1507–1518. doi:10.​2307/​1130428.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference DeWolff, M. S., & van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (1997). Sensitivity and attachment: A meta-analysis on parental antecedents of infant attachment. Child Development, 68, 571–591. doi:10.2307/1132107.CrossRef DeWolff, M. S., & van Ijzendoorn, M. H. (1997). Sensitivity and attachment: A meta-analysis on parental antecedents of infant attachment. Child Development, 68, 571–591. doi:10.​2307/​1132107.CrossRef
go back to reference Downey, D. B. (1995). When bigger is not better: Family size, parental resources, and children’s educational performance. American Sociological Review, 60, 746–761. doi:10.2307/2096320.CrossRef Downey, D. B. (1995). When bigger is not better: Family size, parental resources, and children’s educational performance. American Sociological Review, 60, 746–761. doi:10.​2307/​2096320.CrossRef
go back to reference Epstein, C. F. (1988). Deceptive distinctions: Sex, gender, and the social order. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Epstein, C. F. (1988). Deceptive distinctions: Sex, gender, and the social order. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
go back to reference Gibaud-Wallston, J., & Wandersman, L. P. (1978, August). Development and utility of the parenting sense of competence scale. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, ON. Gibaud-Wallston, J., & Wandersman, L. P. (1978, August). Development and utility of the parenting sense of competence scale. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, ON.
go back to reference Hilton, J. M., & Desrochers, S. (2000). The influence of economic strain, coping with roles, and parental control on the parenting of custodial single mothers and custodial single fathers. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 33, 55–76. doi:10.1300/J087v33n03_04.CrossRef Hilton, J. M., & Desrochers, S. (2000). The influence of economic strain, coping with roles, and parental control on the parenting of custodial single mothers and custodial single fathers. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 33, 55–76. doi:10.​1300/​J087v33n03_​04.CrossRef
go back to reference Hurlbut, N. L., Culp, A. M., Jambunathan, S., & Butler, P. (1997). Adolescent mothers’ self-esteem and role identity and their relationship to parenting skills knowledge. Adolescence, 32(127), 639–653.PubMed Hurlbut, N. L., Culp, A. M., Jambunathan, S., & Butler, P. (1997). Adolescent mothers’ self-esteem and role identity and their relationship to parenting skills knowledge. Adolescence, 32(127), 639–653.PubMed
go back to reference Iwai, N., Hisamichi, S., Hayakawa, N., Inaba, Y., Nagaoka, T., Sugimori, H., et al. (2001). Validity and reliability of single-item questions about physical activity. Journal of Epidemiology, 11, 211–218.PubMed Iwai, N., Hisamichi, S., Hayakawa, N., Inaba, Y., Nagaoka, T., Sugimori, H., et al. (2001). Validity and reliability of single-item questions about physical activity. Journal of Epidemiology, 11, 211–218.PubMed
go back to reference Jouriles, E. N., & O’Leary, K. (1991). Effects of maternal mood on parent behavior. In E. Blechman (Ed.), Emotion in the family (pp. 181–199). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Jouriles, E. N., & O’Leary, K. (1991). Effects of maternal mood on parent behavior. In E. Blechman (Ed.), Emotion in the family (pp. 181–199). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
go back to reference King, A. C., Taylor, C. B., Haskell, W. L., & DeBusk, R. F. (1989). Influence of regular aerobic exercise on psychological health: A randomized, controlled trial of healthy middle-aged adults. Health Psychology, 8, 305–324. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.8.3.305.PubMedCrossRef King, A. C., Taylor, C. B., Haskell, W. L., & DeBusk, R. F. (1989). Influence of regular aerobic exercise on psychological health: A randomized, controlled trial of healthy middle-aged adults. Health Psychology, 8, 305–324. doi:10.​1037/​0278-6133.​8.​3.​305.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lluch, A., Hubert, P., King, N. A., & Blundell, J. E. (2000). Selective effects of acute exercise and breakfast interventions on mood and motivation to eat. Physiology & Behavior, 68(4), 515–520. doi:10.1016/S0031-9384(99)00198-5.CrossRef Lluch, A., Hubert, P., King, N. A., & Blundell, J. E. (2000). Selective effects of acute exercise and breakfast interventions on mood and motivation to eat. Physiology & Behavior, 68(4), 515–520. doi:10.​1016/​S0031-9384(99)00198-5.CrossRef
go back to reference Mash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1983). Parental perceptions of child behavior problems, parental self-esteem, and mothers’ reported stress in young and older hyperactive and normal children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 86–99. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.51.1.86.PubMedCrossRef Mash, E. J., & Johnston, C. (1983). Parental perceptions of child behavior problems, parental self-esteem, and mothers’ reported stress in young and older hyperactive and normal children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 86–99. doi:10.​1037/​0022-006X.​51.​1.​86.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference McLanahan, S. S. (1999). Father absence and the welfare of children. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Coping with divorce, single parenting, and remarriage: A risk and resiliency perspective (pp. 117–145). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. McLanahan, S. S. (1999). Father absence and the welfare of children. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.), Coping with divorce, single parenting, and remarriage: A risk and resiliency perspective (pp. 117–145). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
go back to reference McNair, D. M., Lorr, M., & Droppleman, L. F. (1971). Profile of mood states. San Diego: Educational and Industrial Testing Service. McNair, D. M., Lorr, M., & Droppleman, L. F. (1971). Profile of mood states. San Diego: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
go back to reference Modrcin-Talbott, M. A., Pullen, L., Zandstra, K., Ehrenberger, H., & Muenchen, B. (1998). A study of self-esteem among well adolescents: Seeking a new direction. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 21(4), 229–241. doi:10.1080/014608698265438.PubMedCrossRef Modrcin-Talbott, M. A., Pullen, L., Zandstra, K., Ehrenberger, H., & Muenchen, B. (1998). A study of self-esteem among well adolescents: Seeking a new direction. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 21(4), 229–241. doi:10.​1080/​014608698265438.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Nies, M. A., Chruscial, H., & Hepworth, J. (2003). An intervention to promote walking in sedentary women in the community. American Journal of Health Behavior, 27, 524–535.PubMed Nies, M. A., Chruscial, H., & Hepworth, J. (2003). An intervention to promote walking in sedentary women in the community. American Journal of Health Behavior, 27, 524–535.PubMed
go back to reference Nyenhuis, D. L., & Yamamoto, C. (1999). Adult and geriatric normative data and validation of the profile of mood states. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 79–86. doi 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199901)55:1<79::AID-JCLP8>3.0.CO;2-7.PubMedCrossRef Nyenhuis, D. L., & Yamamoto, C. (1999). Adult and geriatric normative data and validation of the profile of mood states. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 79–86. doi 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199901)55:1<79::AID-JCLP8>3.0.CO;2-7.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Curtin, L. R., McDowell, M. A., Tabak, C. J., & Flegal, K. M. (2006). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. Journal of the American Medical Association, 295, 1549–1555. doi:10.1001/jama.295.13.1549.PubMedCrossRef Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Curtin, L. R., McDowell, M. A., Tabak, C. J., & Flegal, K. M. (2006). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. Journal of the American Medical Association, 295, 1549–1555. doi:10.​1001/​jama.​295.​13.​1549.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Plante, T. G., Coscarelli, L., Caputo, D., & Oppezzo, M. (2000). Perceived fitness predicts daily coping better than physical activity or aerobic fitness. International Journal of Stress Management, 7, 181–192. doi:10.1023/A:1009514214782.CrossRef Plante, T. G., Coscarelli, L., Caputo, D., & Oppezzo, M. (2000). Perceived fitness predicts daily coping better than physical activity or aerobic fitness. International Journal of Stress Management, 7, 181–192. doi:10.​1023/​A:​1009514214782.CrossRef
go back to reference Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151–161. doi:10.1177/0146167201272002.CrossRef Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring global self-esteem: Construct validation of a single-item measure and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 151–161. doi:10.​1177/​0146167201272002​.CrossRef
go back to reference Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
go back to reference Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill. Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill.
go back to reference Shestopal, A. L. (1999). Psychological effects of physical exercise and yoga. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA. Shestopal, A. L. (1999). Psychological effects of physical exercise and yoga. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA.
go back to reference Silber, E., & Tippet, J. S. (1965). Self-esteem: Clinical assessment and measurement validation. Psychological Reports, 16, 1017–1071. Silber, E., & Tippet, J. S. (1965). Self-esteem: Clinical assessment and measurement validation. Psychological Reports, 16, 1017–1071.
go back to reference Solomon, J., & George, C. (1996). Defining the caregiving system: Toward a theory of caregiving. Infant Mental Health Journal, 17, 183–197. doi 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0355(199623)17:3<183::AID-IMHJ1>3.0.CO;2-Q.CrossRef Solomon, J., & George, C. (1996). Defining the caregiving system: Toward a theory of caregiving. Infant Mental Health Journal, 17, 183–197. doi 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0355(199623)17:3<183::AID-IMHJ1>3.0.CO;2-Q.CrossRef
go back to reference SPSS 15.0 [Computer Software] (2006). Chicago, IL: SPSS, Inc. SPSS 15.0 [Computer Software] (2006). Chicago, IL: SPSS, Inc.
go back to reference Stewart, A. L., Hayes, R. D., & Ware, J. E., Jr. (1992). Health perceptions, energy/fatigue, and health distress measures. In A. L. Stewart & J. E. Ware Jr. (Eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The medical outcomes study approach (pp. 143–172). Durham, NC: Duke University Press. Stewart, A. L., Hayes, R. D., & Ware, J. E., Jr. (1992). Health perceptions, energy/fatigue, and health distress measures. In A. L. Stewart & J. E. Ware Jr. (Eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being: The medical outcomes study approach (pp. 143–172). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
go back to reference Thayer, R. E. (1987b). Problem, perception, optimism, and related states as a function of time of day (diurnal rhythm) and moderate exercise: Two arousal systems in interaction. Motivation and Emotion, 11, 19–36. doi:10.1007/BF00992211.CrossRef Thayer, R. E. (1987b). Problem, perception, optimism, and related states as a function of time of day (diurnal rhythm) and moderate exercise: Two arousal systems in interaction. Motivation and Emotion, 11, 19–36. doi:10.​1007/​BF00992211.CrossRef
go back to reference Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual selection and the descent of man, 1871–1971 (pp. 136–179). Chicago: Aldine. Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual selection and the descent of man, 1871–1971 (pp. 136–179). Chicago: Aldine.
go back to reference U.S. Department of Labor. (2005). Current population survey. Washington, DC: Author. U.S. Department of Labor. (2005). Current population survey. Washington, DC: Author.
go back to reference Vondra, J., Sysco, H., & Belsky, J. (2005). Developmental origins of parenting: Personality and relationship factors. In T. Luster & L. Okagaki (Eds.), Parenting: An ecological perspective (2nd ed., pp. 35–71). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Vondra, J., Sysco, H., & Belsky, J. (2005). Developmental origins of parenting: Personality and relationship factors. In T. Luster & L. Okagaki (Eds.), Parenting: An ecological perspective (2nd ed., pp. 35–71). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
go back to reference Walker, L. O. (1989). Stress process among mothers of infants: Preliminary model testing. Nursing Research, 38, 10–16.PubMed Walker, L. O. (1989). Stress process among mothers of infants: Preliminary model testing. Nursing Research, 38, 10–16.PubMed
go back to reference Walker, L. O., Fleschler, R. G., & Heaman, M. (1998). Is a healthy lifestyle related to stress, parenting confidence, and health symptoms among new fathers? Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 30(3), 21–36.PubMed Walker, L. O., Fleschler, R. G., & Heaman, M. (1998). Is a healthy lifestyle related to stress, parenting confidence, and health symptoms among new fathers? Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 30(3), 21–36.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Perceived Energy for Parenting: A New Conceptualization and Scale
Auteurs
Heather C. Janisse
Douglas Barnett
Mary A. Nies
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2009
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 3/2009
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-008-9232-z

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2009

Journal of Child and Family Studies 3/2009 Naar de uitgave