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01-05-2012 | Empirical Research

Peer Attachment: A Meta-analytic Review of Gender and Age Differences and Associations with Parent Attachment

Auteurs: Anna Gorrese, Ruggero Ruggieri

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 5/2012

Abstract

In adolescence, peers represent key actors within individual social network. Given the relevance of peer connections and the growing literature examining them, the purpose of this article was to review, through a meta-analytic approach, studies on adolescent and youth peer relationships within the theoretical framework of attachment. First, we synthesized results of 44 studies focused on relationships between parent and peer attachment. Second, we summarized findings of 54 studies reporting gender differences on peer attachment. Third, we computed an overall effect for age differences on peer attachment documented in 19 studies. Main findings highlighted that parent attachment is moderately correlated to peer attachment; that females were significantly more attached to their peers than males; and that the correlation between age and peer attachment was not significant. This set of findings was confirmed examining both overall peer attachment as well as specific dimensions of attachment, such as trust and communication. Furthermore, since a significant heterogeneity was found across studies, we tested the effects of various categorical (i.e., year and language of publication, country, attachment measure) and continuous (i.e., mean age and percentage of females of the sample, number of items of the peer attachment scale) moderators related to characteristics of the study samples and designs. Implications of these findings for future research are discussed. A focus on cultural dimensions and on peer attachment processes would be worthwhile to address relevant research questions: How do peer relationships progressively become mature attachment relationships? How is this process shaped for individuals with different parent attachment histories?

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Specifically, we controlled these journals: Child Development, Developmental Psychology, Development and Psychopathology, International Journal of Behavioral Development, Journal of Adolescence, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, Personality and Individual Differences, Personal Relationships, Social Development. These journals were selected since they were the 10 journals on which most articles on peer attachment had appeared.

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Titel: Peer Attachment: A Meta-analytic Review of Gender and Age Differences and Associations with Parent Attachment
Auteurs: Anna Gorrese
Ruggero Ruggieri
Publicatiedatum: 01-05-2012
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 5/2012
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9759-6

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