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06-05-2024 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Nonjudgment Mediates the Effect of a Brief Smartphone-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention on Rumination in a Randomized Controlled Trial with Adolescents

Auteurs: Lori M. Hilt, Caroline M. Swords, Nina Austria, Christian A. Webb, Justus Wahl, Layne Eklund

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 5/2024

Abstract

Objectives

Rumination, a risk factor for the development of psychopathology that often emerges during adolescence, has been successfully targeted in mindfulness interventions; however, the mechanism is unclear. Acquiring mindfulness skills may help reduce repetitive ruminative thinking and in turn alleviate negative emotions. The goal of the present study was to test whether changes in trait mindfulness accounted for the reductions in rumination following a brief mindfulness intervention.

Method

Ruminative adolescents (n = 152; 59% girls, 18% racial/ethnic minority, mean age = 13.72, SD = 0.89) were randomly assigned to use a mobile app 3 times per day for 3 weeks that delivered brief mindfulness exercises or a mood monitoring only control. They completed questionnaires to assess rumination, mindfulness, and depression at baseline, post-intervention and follow-up at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months post-intervention.

Results

We ran a parallel causal mediation model with bootstrapping to examine whether changes in facets of mindfulness (Nonjudgment, Nonreactivity, Describe, Awareness, Observe) mediated the effect of treatment group on change in rumination. A significant indirect effect of Treatment Group on Rumination emerged through Nonjudgment. Next, we ran a serial mediation model predicting depressive symptoms during the follow-up period (12 weeks and 6 months post-intervention) from Treatment Group through Nonjudgment (immediate post-intervention) and rumination (at 6 weeks post-intervention). Results from this model were significant.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that a brief mindfulness intervention increases nonjudgmental awareness, thereby reducing rumination and subsequent depressive symptoms. Understanding these mechanisms may help tailor interventions for at-risk youth.

Preregistration

This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier NCT03900416).

vorige artikel Mechanisms of Mindfulness: A Longitudinal Study of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program

volgende artikel Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Health Insurance Coverage: If, How, and When? An Integrated Knowledge Translation (iKT) Delphi Key Informant Analysis

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Titel: Nonjudgment Mediates the Effect of a Brief Smartphone-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention on Rumination in a Randomized Controlled Trial with Adolescents
Auteurs: Lori M. Hilt
Caroline M. Swords
Nina Austria
Christian A. Webb
Justus Wahl
Layne Eklund
Publicatiedatum: 06-05-2024
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness / Uitgave 5/2024
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-024-02363-0

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