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2019 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

2. Neurowetenschappelijke concepten

Auteur : Dr. Ben van Cranenburgh

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Het reflexmodel en stimulus-responsmodel zijn lang dominant geweest in de neurofysiologie en psychologie. Sinds 2000 is er weer plaats voor de wil en ‘spontaan’, zelf geïnitieerd gedrag: dit heeft zijn eigen unieke neurale basis. Vaste lokalisaties en centra zijn vervangen door flexibele neurale netwerken, ‘neurale ensembles’, met deelprocessen op verschillende plaatsen en niveaus. Een dergelijke neurale verankering geeft een grotere flexibiliteit en impliceert een soort ‘zelfherstellend’ vermogen. Menselijk handelen is veel meer dan ‘spieren activeren’: de rol van zintuiglijke informatie, met name de kinesthesie, is cruciaal. Dachten we vroeger dat motoriek begon in het stripje motorische schors van de gyrus precentralis, tegenwoordig weten we dat vele hersengebieden betrokken zijn, afhankelijk van het type taak: automatisch of bewust, in leerfase of routine, nadoen van visuele demonstratie of op basis van verbale instructie, spontaan of reactief handelen.

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Titel: Neurowetenschappelijke concepten
Auteur: Dr. Ben van Cranenburgh
Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek: Neurorevalidatie
Print ISBN: 978-90-368-2317-3

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-368-2318-0

Copyright: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2318-0_2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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