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02-08-2022

Nederigheid in gezinsrelaties: onderzoeken hoe nederigheid de relaties in religieuze gezinnen beïnvloedt

Auteurs: Joe M. Chelladurai, Heather H. Kelley, Loren D. Marks, David C. Dollahite

Gepubliceerd in: Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd | Uitgave 4/2022

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Samenvatting

Dit artikel beschrijft ons onderzoek naar de invloed van nederigheid op de gezinsrelaties van religieuze gezinnen. We gebruikten een kwalitatieve onderzoeksmethode en hielden interviews met een steekproef van 198 gezinnen (N = 476) waarin het geloof een belangrijke rol speelde en waarin sprake is van een gevarieerde samenstelling qua specifieke godsdienst, etnische afkomst en geografische herkomst. Er werden semigestructureerde interviews afgenomen bij de deelnemers thuis, met vragen over de invloed van godsdienst op hun gezinsleven. De kwalitatieve data-analyse van de interviewtranscripties gebeurde met behulp van software voor kwalitatieve data-analyse, teamcodering en de grounded theory-methode. In de interviews kwamen de volgende vier thema’s terug: (1) trots als obstakel voor relationeel welzijn, (2) de invloed van religieuze overtuigingen op nederigheid, (3) de invloed van religieuze gebruiken op nederigheid, en (4) nederigheid in de praktijk. Samen wekken deze thema’s de indruk dat nederigheid mensen individueel en in hun relaties met beide benen op de grond kan houden én hen in hun kracht kan zetten.
Onderzoek heeft uitgewezen dat nederigheid (of bescheidenheid, red.) een belangrijk aspect is voor het welzijn van mensen, individueel en in relaties. Het wordt als een positieve karaktereigenschap en een deugd beschouwd, en nederigheid is in empirisch onderzoek in verband gebracht met meerdere positieve interpersoonlijke en intrapersoonlijke uitkomsten (Peterson en Seligman 2004). Over het algemeen kan nederigheid egoïsme helpen tegengaan (Tangney 2000) en kan het altruïsme bevorderen (Crocker et al. 2017), wat weer een positieve invloed op het functioneren van relaties kan hebben. Recent onderzoek biedt meer inzicht in de factoren, dimensies, en uitkomsten die te maken hebben met nederigheid in relaties (Worthington en Allison 2018).
Nederigheid is een diepgeworteld aspect van de overtuigingen en gebruiken in praktisch alle grote religies. Het vormt zelfs de grondslag van veel religieuze leerstellingen, en bepaalde religieuze gebruiken worden specifiek voorgeschreven voor het ontwikkelen en behouden van nederigheid (Hook en Davis 2014). Aangezien religie en gezinsrelaties sterk met elkaar verbonden zijn (Dollahite et al. 2018a), kunnen religieuze overtuigingen en gebruiken invloed hebben op ideeën over en uitingen van nederigheid, wat weer allerlei implicaties kan hebben voor relaties.
Hoewel de factoren die voorafgaan aan nederigheid en de uitkomsten ervan al in veel studies zijn onderzocht, bevindt het onderzoek over de motivatie voor nederigheid en de processen die een rol spelen bij hoe en waarom mensen nederig zijn (of ervoor kiezen nederig te zijn) zich nog in een pril stadium. Vragen die nog empirisch kunnen worden onderzocht zijn: wat motiveert mensen tot nederigheid? Waarom is nederigheid belangrijk? Hoe worden mensen nederig? Hoe wordt nederigheid gemotiveerd door bepaalde geloofsovertuigingen en visies op de wereld? Hoe brengen mensen nederigheid in de praktijk en oefenen ze zichzelf erin? Om deze vragen te kunnen beantwoorden onderzochten we in deze studie de standpunten van religieuze gezinnen over trots en nederigheid. Verder onderzochten we of religieuze overtuigingen en gebruiken in de context van de partnerrelatie en de ouder-kindrelaties invloed hebben op nederigheid, en zo ja, hoe die invloed eruitziet en waarom dat zo is. Ons streven is om deze vragen te beantwoorden en om meer inzicht te krijgen in de processen die een rol spelen bij nederigheid. Voor het onderzoeken van de motieven, processen, overtuigingen en gebruiken die een rol spelen bij nederigheid in religieuze gezinnen hebben we een kwalitatieve benadering gehanteerd; dit vanwege het exploratieve karakter van dit onderzoek en omdat we het eens zijn met de observatie van Rich (2017) dat kwalitatieve onderzoeksparadigma’s een waardevolle bijdrage kunnen leveren aan de positieve psychologie.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Nederigheid in gezinsrelaties: onderzoeken hoe nederigheid de relaties in religieuze gezinnen beïnvloedt
Auteurs
Joe M. Chelladurai
Heather H. Kelley
Loren D. Marks
David C. Dollahite
Publicatiedatum
02-08-2022
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd / Uitgave 4/2022
Print ISSN: 1566-0206
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5874
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12440-022-00180-2