12. Musculoskeletal Radiology

Since musculoskeletal complaints are very common, it is important for primary care providers to be familiar with when and how to order radiographic studies. Radiographs or “good old-fashioned X-rays” can be a useful extension of, but not a substitute for, a good history and physical examination. This chapter provides guidance regarding the appropriate ordering of studies as well as outlining a few pitfalls that can be encountered.