Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2005

01-10-2005

Multi-site Study of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) in Five Clinical Groups of Young Children

Auteurs: Adrienne Perry, Rosemary A. Condillac, Nancy L. Freeman, Jennifer Dunn-Geier, Joanne Belair

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2005

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

This study examined several questions pertaining to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) in a sample of 274 preschool children (aged 2–6 years) clinically diagnosed as falling in one of five groups: Autistic Disorder, PDD-NOS, MR, Delayed, and Other. In addition to diagnosis and the CARS, all children were given standardized cognitive and adaptive behavior measures. Results indicated high concordance between the CARS and clinical diagnosis using DSM-IV (including excellent sensitivity and specificity). There was a moderate negative correlation of CARS scores and developmental level (both cognitive and adaptive), indicating significant shared variance. There were significant and sensible differences in mean CARS score for different diagnostic groups, including a substantial difference between the Autistic Disorder and PDD-NOS groups.
Literatuur
go back to reference Alpern G. D., Boll T. J., Shearer M. S., (1980). Developmental Profile II. Psychological Development Publications, Aspen, CO Alpern G. D., Boll T. J., Shearer M. S., (1980). Developmental Profile II. Psychological Development Publications, Aspen, CO
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association, (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (3). Author, Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association, (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (3). Author, Washington, DC
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association, (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed. revised). Washington, DC: Author American Psychiatric Association, (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed. revised). Washington, DC: Author
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association, (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4). Author, Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association, (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4). Author, Washington, DC
go back to reference Bayley N., (1993). Bayley Scales of Infant Development. (2) Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX Bayley N., (1993). Bayley Scales of Infant Development. (2) Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX
go back to reference Bebko J. M., Perry A., Bryson S. E., (1996). Multiple method validation study of facilitated communication: II. Individual differences and subgroup results Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 26:19–42PubMedCrossRef Bebko J. M., Perry A., Bryson S. E., (1996). Multiple method validation study of facilitated communication: II. Individual differences and subgroup results Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 26:19–42PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Condillac, R. A., Morris, D. E, & Perry, A. (2002, November). Assessment of discrimination skills in individuals with autism: Validity of the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities (ABLA). Presentation in Symposium entitled “Investigations of expanded uses for the ABLA” at the Ontario Association on Behaviour Analysis Annual Conference, Toronto, ON Condillac, R. A., Morris, D. E, & Perry, A. (2002, November). Assessment of discrimination skills in individuals with autism: Validity of the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities (ABLA). Presentation in Symposium entitled “Investigations of expanded uses for the ABLA” at the Ontario Association on Behaviour Analysis Annual Conference, Toronto, ON
go back to reference Condillac, R. A., & Perry, A. (2002, May). Intensity of intervention and outcome for young children with autism. Poster presented at the Association on Behavior Analysis annual convention, Toronto, ON Condillac, R. A., & Perry, A. (2002, May). Intensity of intervention and outcome for young children with autism. Poster presented at the Association on Behavior Analysis annual convention, Toronto, ON
go back to reference DiLalla D. L., Rogers S. J., (1994). Domains of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale: Relevance for diagnosis and treatment Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 24:115–128PubMedCrossRef DiLalla D. L., Rogers S. J., (1994). Domains of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale: Relevance for diagnosis and treatment Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 24:115–128PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Eaves R. C., Milner B., (1993). The criterion-related validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 21:481–491PubMedCrossRef Eaves R. C., Milner B., (1993). The criterion-related validity of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 21:481–491PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Filipek P. A., Accardo P. J., Baranek G. T., Cook E. H., Dawson G., Gordon B. et al. (1999). The screening and diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 29:439–484PubMedCrossRef Filipek P. A., Accardo P. J., Baranek G. T., Cook E. H., Dawson G., Gordon B. et al. (1999). The screening and diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 29:439–484PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Freeman, N. L., Perry, A., & DeLuca, L. (1996, March). Relating the constructs of autism and adaptive behaviour. Poster presented at the Ontario Association on Developmental Disabilities Research Special Interest Group Research Day, Toronto, ON Freeman, N. L., Perry, A., & DeLuca, L. (1996, March). Relating the constructs of autism and adaptive behaviour. Poster presented at the Ontario Association on Developmental Disabilities Research Special Interest Group Research Day, Toronto, ON
go back to reference Freeman N. L., Perry A., Factor D. C., (1991). Child behaviours as stressors: Replicating and extending the use of the CARS as a measure of stress Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 32:1025–1030PubMedCrossRef Freeman N. L., Perry A., Factor D. C., (1991). Child behaviours as stressors: Replicating and extending the use of the CARS as a measure of stress Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 32:1025–1030PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Garfin D. G., McCallon D., Cox R., (1988). Validity and reliability of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale with autistic adolescents Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 18:367–378PubMedCrossRef Garfin D. G., McCallon D., Cox R., (1988). Validity and reliability of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale with autistic adolescents Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 18:367–378PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Handleman J., & Harris S. L., (Eds.) (2001). Preschool education programs for children with autism. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed Handleman J., & Harris S. L., (Eds.) (2001). Preschool education programs for children with autism. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed
go back to reference Lord C., (1995). Follow-up of two-year-olds referred for possible autism Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 36:1365–1382PubMedCrossRef Lord C., (1995). Follow-up of two-year-olds referred for possible autism Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 36:1365–1382PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lord C., (1997). Diagnostic instruments in autism spectrum disorders. In D. J. Cohen, F. R. Volkmar, (Eds), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders. Wiley, New York 460–483 Lord C., (1997). Diagnostic instruments in autism spectrum disorders. In D. J. Cohen, F. R. Volkmar, (Eds), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders. Wiley, New York 460–483
go back to reference Mahoney W. J., Szatmari P., MacLean J. E., Bryson S. E., Bartolucci G., Walter S. D. et al. (1998). Reliability and accuracy of differentiating pervasive developmental disorder subtypes Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 37:278–285PubMedCrossRef Mahoney W. J., Szatmari P., MacLean J. E., Bryson S. E., Bartolucci G., Walter S. D. et al. (1998). Reliability and accuracy of differentiating pervasive developmental disorder subtypes Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 37:278–285PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Mesibov G. B., Schopler E., Schaffer B., Michal N., (1989). Use of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale with autistic adolescents and adults Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 28:538–541PubMedCrossRef Mesibov G. B., Schopler E., Schaffer B., Michal N., (1989). Use of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale with autistic adolescents and adults Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 28:538–541PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference National Research Council, (2001). Educating children with autism. Committee on Education and Interventions for Children with Autism. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. National Academy Press, Washington, DC National Research Council, (2001). Educating children with autism. Committee on Education and Interventions for Children with Autism. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. National Academy Press, Washington, DC
go back to reference New York State Department of Health, (1999). Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Clinical practice guideline technical report. Author, New York New York State Department of Health, (1999). Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Clinical practice guideline technical report. Author, New York
go back to reference Perry, A. (1990). An empirical test of a new theoretical model of stress in families of children with autism. Doctoral dissertation, York University, Toronto, ON Perry, A. (1990). An empirical test of a new theoretical model of stress in families of children with autism. Doctoral dissertation, York University, Toronto, ON
go back to reference Perry A., Condillac R. A., Freeman N. L., (2002). Best practices and practical strategies for assessment and diagnosis of autism Journal on Developmental Disabilities 9(2):61–75 Perry A., Condillac R. A., Freeman N. L., (2002). Best practices and practical strategies for assessment and diagnosis of autism Journal on Developmental Disabilities 9(2):61–75
go back to reference Perry, A., Factor, D. C., & Yetman, M. (1996, March). Empirical comparison of four systems for the diagnosis of autism: DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, and the CARS. Paper presented at the Ontario Association on Developmental Disabilities Research Special Interest Group Research Day, Toronto, ON Perry, A., Factor, D. C., & Yetman, M. (1996, March). Empirical comparison of four systems for the diagnosis of autism: DSM-III, DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, and the CARS. Paper presented at the Ontario Association on Developmental Disabilities Research Special Interest Group Research Day, Toronto, ON
go back to reference Perry, A., & Freeman, N. L. (1996, March). Psychometric properties of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Poster presented at the Ontario Association on Developmental Disabilities Research Special Interest Group Research Day, Toronto, ON Perry, A., & Freeman, N. L. (1996, March). Psychometric properties of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Poster presented at the Ontario Association on Developmental Disabilities Research Special Interest Group Research Day, Toronto, ON
go back to reference Perry, A., Freeman, N. L., Condillac, R. A., Dunn Geier, J., & Belair, J. (1999, April). A comparison of developmental and diagnostic indicators in preschoolers with and without a Pervasive Developmental Disorder. Poster presentation at the Society for Research in Child Development Biennial Conference, Albuquerque, NM Perry, A., Freeman, N. L., Condillac, R. A., Dunn Geier, J., & Belair, J. (1999, April). A comparison of developmental and diagnostic indicators in preschoolers with and without a Pervasive Developmental Disorder. Poster presentation at the Society for Research in Child Development Biennial Conference, Albuquerque, NM
go back to reference Schopler E. C., Reichler R. J., DeVellis R. F., Daly K., (1980). Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 10:91–103PubMedCrossRef Schopler E. C., Reichler R. J., DeVellis R. F., Daly K., (1980). Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 10:91–103PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schopler E. C., Reichler R., Renner B., (1988). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles, CA Schopler E. C., Reichler R., Renner B., (1988). The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles, CA
go back to reference Sevin J. A., Matson J. L., Coe D. A., Fee V. A., Sevin B. M., (1991). A comparison and evaluation of three commonly used autism scales Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 21:417–432PubMedCrossRef Sevin J. A., Matson J. L., Coe D. A., Fee V. A., Sevin B. M., (1991). A comparison and evaluation of three commonly used autism scales Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 21:417–432PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sparrow S. S., Balla D. A., Cicchetti D. V., (1984). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. American Guidance Service, Circle Pines, MN Sparrow S. S., Balla D. A., Cicchetti D. V., (1984). Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. American Guidance Service, Circle Pines, MN
go back to reference Sturmey P., Matson. J. L., Sevin J. A., (1992). Brief report: Analysis of the internal consistency of three autism scales Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 22:321–328PubMedCrossRef Sturmey P., Matson. J. L., Sevin J. A., (1992). Brief report: Analysis of the internal consistency of three autism scales Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 22:321–328PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tachimori H., Osada H., Kurita H., (2003). Childhood Autism Rating Scale—Tokyo Version for screening pervasive developmental disorders Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 57:113–118PubMedCrossRef Tachimori H., Osada H., Kurita H., (2003). Childhood Autism Rating Scale—Tokyo Version for screening pervasive developmental disorders Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 57:113–118PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Thorndike R. L., Hagen E. P., Sattler J. M., (1986). The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. 4. Riverside, Chicago, IL Thorndike R. L., Hagen E. P., Sattler J. M., (1986). The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. 4. Riverside, Chicago, IL
go back to reference VanBourgondien M. E., Marcus L. M., Schopler E., (1992). Comparison of DSM-III-R and Childhood Autism Rating Scale diagnoses of autism Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 22:493–506CrossRef VanBourgondien M. E., Marcus L. M., Schopler E., (1992). Comparison of DSM-III-R and Childhood Autism Rating Scale diagnoses of autism Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 22:493–506CrossRef
go back to reference Weiss M. J., (1999). Differential rates of skills acquisition and outcomes of early intensive behavioral intervention for autism Behavioral Intervention 14:3–22CrossRef Weiss M. J., (1999). Differential rates of skills acquisition and outcomes of early intensive behavioral intervention for autism Behavioral Intervention 14:3–22CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Multi-site Study of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) in Five Clinical Groups of Young Children
Auteurs
Adrienne Perry
Rosemary A. Condillac
Nancy L. Freeman
Jennifer Dunn-Geier
Joanne Belair
Publicatiedatum
01-10-2005
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2005
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-005-0006-9

Andere artikelen Uitgave 5/2005

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2005 Naar de uitgave

OriginalPaper

Ask the Editor