13-09-2019 | Original Paper | Uitgave 2/2020 Open Access

Mindful Parenting and Parenting Practices in Chinese Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Tijdschrift:
- Journal of Child and Family Studies > Uitgave 2/2020
Method
Participants
Procedure
Measures
Mindful parenting
Parenting practices
Data Analysis
Results
Descriptive Analyses
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
9
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
14
|
15
|
16
|
Mean
|
SD
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.Child age
|
–
|
0.36***
|
−0.30***
|
−0.09
|
−0.11
|
−0.26**
|
−0.05
|
−0.12
|
−0.05
|
−0.04
|
−0.14
|
−0.09
|
−0.06
|
0.04
|
−0.08
|
−0.05
|
8.84
|
1.88
|
2.Parent age
|
0.38**
|
–
|
0.09
|
0.07
|
−0.07
|
−0.20*
|
−0.03
|
−0.11
|
−0.04
|
−0.02
|
−0.05
|
−0.07
|
0.16*
|
−0.02
|
−0.08
|
−0.01
|
38.04
|
4.78
|
3.Parent EL
|
−0.15
|
0.16*
|
–
|
0.12
|
0.05
|
0.13
|
0.15
|
−0.02
|
−0.21***
|
−0.13
|
0.13
|
0.04
|
0.09
|
0.02
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
1.54
|
0.68
|
4.MAPS-PP
|
−0.14
|
−0.12
|
0.19*
|
–
|
0.66***
|
0.53***
|
0.73***
|
−0.09
|
−0.14
|
−0.14
|
0.89***
|
−0.15
|
0.25**
|
0.45***
|
0.60***
|
0.58***
|
22.44
|
3.24
|
5.MAPS-PR
|
−0.12
|
−0.11
|
0.15
|
0.70***
|
–
|
0.57***
|
0.71***
|
−0.13
|
−0.14
|
−0.10
|
0.87***
|
−0.16*
|
0.30***
|
0.49***
|
0.55***
|
0.58***
|
15.14
|
2.60
|
6.MAPS-WM
|
−0.18*
|
−0.15
|
0.16*
|
0.49***
|
0.66***
|
–
|
0.64***
|
−0.16*
|
−0.10
|
−0.19*
|
0.77***
|
−0.18*
|
0.33***
|
0.30***
|
0.53***
|
0.51***
|
12.27
|
2.05
|
7.MAPS-SP
|
−0.14
|
−0.05
|
0.17*
|
0.68***
|
0.77***
|
0.61***
|
–
|
−0.35***
|
−0.22**
|
−0.28***
|
0.89***
|
−0.35***
|
0.45***
|
0.48***
|
0.61***
|
0.66***
|
11.64
|
1.88
|
8.MAPS-HS
|
−0.20**
|
−0.24**
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
−0.05
|
−0.02
|
−0.15*
|
–
|
0.43***
|
0.69***
|
−0.19*
|
0.89***
|
−0.55***
|
−0.25***
|
−0.33***
|
−0.45***
|
18.85
|
4.64
|
9. MAPS-LC
|
0.11
|
0.02
|
−0.04
|
−0.16*
|
−0.12
|
−0.03
|
−0.10
|
0.22**
|
–
|
0.31***
|
−0.17*
|
0.73***
|
−0.43***
|
−0.20*
|
−0.34***
|
−0.40***
|
16.80
|
4.11
|
10.MAPS-PC
|
−0.17*
|
−0.12
|
−0.05
|
−0.10
|
−0.12
|
−0.16*
|
−0.20**
|
0.70***
|
0.14
|
–
|
−0.19*
|
−0.80***
|
−0.34***
|
−0.27**
|
−0.32***
|
−0.39***
|
9.38
|
3.29
|
11.MAPS-POP
|
−0.17*
|
−0.13
|
0.20*
|
0.87***
|
0.91
|
0.77***
|
0.88***
|
−0.05
|
−0.13
|
−0.16*
|
–
|
−0.23**
|
0.37***
|
0.51***
|
0.67***
|
0.68***
|
61.48
|
8.37
|
12.MAPS-NEP
|
−0.11
|
−0.16*
|
−0.03
|
−0.10
|
−0.12
|
−0.08
|
−0.19*
|
0.86***
|
0.62***
|
0.78***
|
−0.14
|
–
|
−0.56***
|
−0.29***
|
−0.41***
|
−0.51***
|
45.02
|
9.76
|
13.IMP-LFA
|
−0.04
|
−0.02
|
−0.02
|
0.22**
|
0.26**
|
0.28***
|
0.33***
|
−0.34***
|
−0.42***
|
−0.27***
|
0.31***
|
−0.46***
|
–
|
0.30***
|
0.40***
|
0.65***
|
14.16
|
2.76
|
14.IMP-EAP
|
0.01
|
0.12
|
0.07
|
0.43***
|
0.37***
|
0.35***
|
0.47***
|
−0.34
|
−0.09
|
−0.29***
|
0.47***
|
−0.32***
|
0.12
|
–
|
0.53***
|
0.79***
|
19.54
|
3.43
|
15.IMP-CC
|
−0.02
|
−0.02
|
0.10
|
0.52***
|
0.52***
|
0.53***
|
0.57***
|
−0.20**
|
−0.05
|
−0.23**
|
0.62***
|
−0.21**
|
0.18*
|
0.67***
|
–
|
0.89***
|
26.98
|
4.71
|
16.IMP-Total
|
−0.02
|
0.03
|
0.07
|
0.54***
|
0.52***
|
0.53***
|
0.63***
|
−0.36***
|
−0.20*
|
−0.34***
|
0.64***
|
−0.40***
|
0.47***
|
0.83***
|
0.90***
|
–
|
60.68
|
8.69
|
Mean
|
8.82
|
37.87
|
1.67
|
21.83
|
15.45
|
11.86
|
10.92
|
20.08
|
18.23
|
11.12
|
60.01
|
49.43
|
13.29
|
19.68
|
25.70
|
58.66
|
||
SD
|
1.91
|
5.19
|
0.69
|
3.57
|
2.82
|
2.20
|
2.18
|
4.37
|
3.81
|
2.98
|
9.28
|
8.44
|
2.79
|
3.68
|
4.90
|
8.77
|
Comparisons of Mindful Parenting and Parenting Practices between Families of Children with ASD and Families of TD Children
Families of children with ASD
|
Families of TD children
|
Group differences
b
|
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables
|
Fathers
Mean (SD)
(
n
= 30)
|
Mothers
Mean (SD)
(
n
= 137)
|
Boys
Mean (SD)
(
n = 133)
|
Girls
Mean (SD)
(
n
= 34)
|
Fathers
Mean (SD)
(
n
= 30)
|
Mothers
Mean (SD)
(
n = 132)
|
Boys
Mean (SD)
(
n
= 128)
|
Girls
Mean (SD)
(
n
= 34)
|
F
FY
|
F
PG
|
F
FY × PG
|
MAPS-PP
|
20.20 (3.17)
|
22.18 (3.57)
|
21.84 (3.49)
|
21.76 (3.94)
|
22.87 (2.89)
|
22.35 (3.32)
|
22.58 (3.24)
|
21.94 (3.25)
|
5.20*
|
1.20
|
4.75*
|
MAPS-PR
|
14.23 (2.85)
|
15.72 (2.75)
|
15.36 (2.69)
|
15.79 (3.29)
|
14.53 (2.53)
|
15.28 (2.61)
|
15.23 (2.60)
|
14.82 (2.62)
|
0.04
|
7.87**
|
2.04
|
MAPS-WM
|
10.97 (2.59)
|
12.05 (2.07)
|
11.86 (2.08)
|
11.82 (2.65)
|
11.27 (1.84)
|
12.49 (2.03)
|
12.26 (2.00)
|
12.29 (2.24)
|
3.16
|
13.40***
|
0.55
|
MAPS-SP
|
9.80 (2.31)
|
11.17 (2.08)
|
10.83 (2.11)
|
11.29 (2.42)
|
11.77 (1.79)
|
11.61 (1.91)
|
11.70 (1.90)
|
11.41 (1.84)
|
12.31**
|
3.72
|
9.73**
|
MAPS-HS
|
19.90 (4.74)
|
20.12 (4.31)
|
20.24 (4.45)
|
19.47 (4.08)
|
17.73 (3.37)
|
19.09 (4.86)
|
18.80 (4.38)
|
19.00 (5.61)
|
1.85
|
3.11
|
0.05
|
MAPS-LC
|
18.87 (3.33)
|
18.80 (4.16)
|
18.27 (3.96)
|
18.06 (3.21)
|
16.87 (3.48)
|
16.78 (4.25)
|
16.46 (4.18)
|
18.06 (3.60)
|
4.81*
|
0.95
|
1.88
|
MAPS-PC
|
11.07 (2.86)
|
11.13 (3.01)
|
11.27 (3.12)
|
10.53 (2.27)
|
8.80 (3.35)
|
9.52 (3.27)
|
9.51 (3.29)
|
8.91 (3.27)
|
9.90**
|
0.66
|
0.02
|
IMP- LFA
|
12.33 (2.31)
|
13.50 (2.85)
|
13.24 (2.84)
|
13.47 (2.62)
|
14.10 (2.67)
|
14.18 (2.79)
|
14.13 (2.81)
|
14.29 (2.60)
|
5.96*
|
2.34
|
1.47
|
IMP- EAP
|
19.80 (4.16)
|
19.65 (3.58)
|
19.50 (3.74)
|
20.38 (3.37)
|
20.07 (3.30)
|
19.42 (3.46)
|
19.74 (3.32)
|
18.74 (3.77)
|
1.79
|
0.79
|
0.30
|
IMP-CC
|
25.20 (5.38)
|
25.81 (4.80)
|
25.44 (4.96)
|
26.74 (4.60)
|
25.97 (4.54)
|
27.20 (4.74)
|
27.16 (4.51)
|
26.26 (5.46)
|
0.35
|
0.33
|
0.12
|