Top

Optie A:

Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
Optie B:

Deel de link per e-mail
Link delen

vorige artikel Lower Psychological Well-Being and Excessive Se...

volgende artikel Emotional Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and ...

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

15-09-2015 | Empirical Research | Uitgave 1/2016

Microaggressions, Feelings of Difference, and Resilience Among Adopted Children with Sexual Minority Parents

Tijdschrift:: Journal of Youth and Adolescence > Uitgave 1/2016

Auteurs:: Rachel H. Farr, Emily E. Crain, M. K. Oakley, Krystal K. Cashen, Karin J. Garber

» Toegang tot de volledige tekst krijgen

Abstract

Limited research exists about the unique experiences and possible marginalization of children with sexual minority parents. From a larger longitudinal project of diverse adoptive families, we examined cross-sectional data using mixed methods from interviews with 49 adopted children (M _age = 8 years; 47 % female) in 27 two-father and 22 two-mother families. Using thematic analysis, we coded themes of awareness of difference, microaggressions, and resilience (i.e., coping and positive family conceptualizations). Children experienced “feeling different” and microaggressions from peers, but generally at a low to medium intensity and with neutral (not negative) emotion. More instances of resilience and positive family conceptualizations were reported than microaggressions or feelings of difference, suggesting that children develop positive perceptions of their family and navigate experiences of difference with resilience. Filling important gaps in the literature, we discuss implications of our results for practice and policy.

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Hier inloggen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Met BSL Psychologie Totaal blijft u als professional steeds op de hoogte van de nieuwste ontwikkelingen binnen uw vak. Met het online abonnement heeft u toegang tot een groot aantal boeken, protocollen, vaktijdschriften en e-learnings op het gebied van psychologie en psychiatrie. Zo kunt u op uw gemak en wanneer het u het beste uitkomt verdiepen in uw vakgebied.

Meer informatie

American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. (2013, August). Children with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender parents. Facts for Families, 92. http://www.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/docs/facts_for_families/92_children_with_lesbian_gay_bisexual_transgender_parents.pdf.

Andoh, E. (2015, May 4). 6 things parents can do to boost resilience in kids. Psychology benefits society: A blog from the American Psychological Association Public Interest Directorate. http://psychologybenefits.org/2015/05/04/6-things-parents-can-do-to-boost-resilience-in-kids/.

Bos, H. M. W., Gartrell, N. K., Peyser, H., & van Balen, F. (2008). The USA National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study (NLLFS): Homophobia, psychological adjustment, and protective factors. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 12, 455–471. doi: 10.1080/10894160802278630. PubMedCrossRef

Bos, H. M. W., & van Balen, F. (2008). Children in planned lesbian families: Stigmatisation, psychological adjustment, and protective factors. Culture, Health, & Sexuality, 10, 221–236. doi: 10.1080/13691050701601702. CrossRef

Bozett, F. (1987). Children of gay fathers. In F. W. Bozett (Ed.), Gay and lesbian parents (pp. 39–57). New York: Praeger.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. doi: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa. CrossRef

Brodzinsky, D. M. (2011). Children’s understanding of adoption: Developmental and clinical implications. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 42(2), 200–207. doi: 10.1037/a0022415. CrossRef

Bryman, A. (2004). Triangulation. In M. S. Lewis-Beck, A. Bryman, & T. F. Liao (Eds.), Encyclopedia of social science research methods (pp. 1142–1143). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Chesir-Teran, D. (2003). Conceptualizing and assessing heterosexism in high schools: A setting-level approach. American Journal of Community Psychology, 31(3–4), 267–279. doi: 10.1023/A:1023910820994. PubMedCrossRef

Collins, W. A., Madsen, S. D., & Susman-Stillman, A. (2002). Parenting during middle childhood. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting. Children and parenting (Vol. 1, pp. 73–101). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Dupper, D. R., Forrest-Bank, S., & Lowry-Carusillo, A. (2015). Experiences of religious minorities in public school settings: Findings from focus groups involving Muslim, Jewish, Catholic, and Unitarian Universalist youths. Children & Schools, 37(1), 37–45. doi: 10.1093/cs/cdu029. CrossRef

Eccles, J. S. (1999). The development of children ages 6 to 14. The Future of Children, 9(2), 30–44. doi: 10.2307/1602703. PubMedCrossRef

Farr, R. H., Forssell, S. L., & Patterson, C. J. (2010). Parenting and child development in adoptive families: Does parental sexual orientation matter? Applied Developmental Science, 14(3), 164–178. doi: 10.1080/10888691.2010.500958. CrossRef

Garber, K. J. (2013). You were adopted?!: An exploratory analysis of microaggressions experienced by adolescent adopted individuals. Master’s thesis. University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Garber, K. J., & Grotevant, H. D. (2015). You were adopted?!: Microaggressions toward adolescent adopted individuals in same-race families. The Counseling Psychologist, 43(3), 435–462. doi: 10.1177/0011000014566471. CrossRef

Gartrell, N., Bos, H. W., Peyser, H., Deck, A., & Rodas, C. (2012). Adolescents with lesbian mothers describe their own lives. Journal of Homosexuality, 59(9), 1211–1229. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2012.720499. PubMedCrossRef

Gartrell, N., Deck, A., Rodas, C., Peyser, H., & Banks, A. (2005). The National Lesbian Family Study: 4. Interviews with the 10-year-old children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 75(4), 518–524. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.75.4.518. PubMedCrossRef

Gates, G. J. (2013). LGBT parenting in the United States. The Williams Institute. http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/LGBT-Parenting.pdf.

Gates, G. J. (2014). LGB families and relationships: Analyses of the 2013 National Health Interview Survey. The Williams Institute. http://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/lgb-families-nhis-sep-2014.pdf.

Gershon, T. D., Tschann, J. M., & Jemerin, J. M. (1999). Stigmatization, self-esteem, and coping among the adolescent children of lesbian mothers. Journal of Adolescent Health, 24(6), 437–445. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(98)00154-2. PubMedCrossRef

Goldberg, A. E. (2007a). (How) does it make a difference? Perspectives of adults with lesbian, gay, and bisexual parents. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77, 550–562. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.77.4.550. PubMedCrossRef

Goldberg, A. E. (2007b). Talking about family: Disclosure practices of adults raised by lesbian, gay, and bisexual parents. Journal of Family Issues, 28, 100–131. doi: 10.1177/0192513X06293606. CrossRef

Goldberg, A. E., & Smith, J. Z. (2011). Stigma, social context, and mental health: Lesbian and gay couples across the transition to adoptive parenthood. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(1), 139–150. doi: 10.1037/a0021684. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Goldberg, A., Smith, J., & Kashy, D. (2010). Pre-adoptive factors predicting lesbian, gay, and heterosexual couples’ relationship quality across the transition to adoptive parenthood. Journal of Family Psychology, 24, 221–232. doi: 10.1037/a0019615. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Golombok, S., Mellish, L., Jennings, S., Casey, P., Tasker, F., & Lamb, M. E. (2013). Adoptive gay father families: Parent–child relationships and children’s psychological adjustment. Child Development, 85(2), 456–468. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12155. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Grotevant, H. D. (1997). Coming to terms with adoption: The construction of identity from adolescence into adulthood. Adoption Quarterly, 1(1), 3–27. doi: 10.1300/J145v01n01_02. CrossRef

Grotevant, H. D., McRoy, R. G., Wrobel, G. M., & Ayers-Lopez, S. (2013). Contact between adoptive and birth families: Perspectives from the Minnesota/Texas Adoption Research Project. Child Development Perspectives, 7(3), 193–198. doi: 10.1111/cdep.12039. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Guhn, M., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Gadermann, A. M., Hymel, S., & Hertzman, C. (2013). A population study of victimization, relationships, and well-being in middle childhood. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(5), 1529–1541. doi: 10.1007/s10902-012-9393-8. CrossRef

Harwood, D., Bosacki, S., & Borcsok, K. (2010). An investigation of young children’s perceptions of teasing within peer relationships. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2(2), 237–260.

Harwood, D., & Copfer, S. (2015). ‘Your lunch pail is silly!’ Children’s and teachers’ views on teasing. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 29(1), 26–41. doi: 10.1080/02568543.2014.973126. CrossRef

Herek, G. M., Gillis, J. R., & Cogan, J. C. (2009). Internalized stigma among sexual minority adults: Insights from a social psychological perspective. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 32–43. doi: 10.1037/a0014672. CrossRef

Huynh, V. W. (2012). Ethnic microaggressions and the depressive and somatic symptoms of Latino and Asian American adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41(7), 831–846. doi: 10.1007/s10964-012-9756-9. PubMedCrossRef

Kosciw, J., & Diaz, E. (2008). Involved, invisible, ignored: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender parents and their children in our nation’s K-12 schools. GLSEN. http://www.glsen.org/sites/default/files/Involved,%20Invisible,%20Ignored%20Full%20Report.pdf.

Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Kurtz-Costes, B., Copping, K. E., Rowley, S. J., & Kinlaw, C. R. (2014). Gender and age differences in awareness and endorsement of gender stereotypes about academic abilities. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 29(4), 603–618. doi: 10.1007/s10212-014-0216-7. CrossRef

Kuvalanka, K. A., Leslie, L. A., & Radina, R. (2014). Coping with sexual stigma: Emerging adults with lesbian parents reflect on the impact of heterosexism and homophobia during their adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Research, 29, 241–270. doi: 10.1177/0743558413484354. CrossRef

Ladd, G. W., & Kochenderfer-Ladd, B. (2002). Identifying victims of peer aggression from early to middle childhood: Analysis of cross-informant data for concordance, estimation of relational adjustment, prevalence of victimization, and characteristics of identified victims. Psychological Assessment, 14(1), 74–96. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.14.1.74. PubMedCrossRef

Leddy, A., Gartrell, N., & Bos, H. (2012). Growing up in a lesbian family: The life experiences of the adult daughters and sons of lesbian mothers. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 8(3), 243–257. doi: 10.1080/1550428X.2012.677233. CrossRef

Litovich, M. L., & Langhout, R. D. (2004). Framing heterosexism in lesbian families: A preliminary examination of resilient coping. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 14(6), 411–435. doi: 10.1002/casp.780. CrossRef

Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56(3), 227–238. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.227. PubMedCrossRef

Mays, V. M., & Cochran, S. D. (2001). Mental health correlates of perceived discrimination among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 91(11), 1869–1876. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.91.11.1869. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Muenks, E. M. (2014). Awareness of racial microaggressions in the dominant culture. Dissertation Abstracts International, 75, 5-B(E).

Nadal, K. L. (2013). That’s so gay! Microaggressions and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi: 10.1037/14093-007. CrossRef

Nadal, K. L., Issa, M. A., Leon, J., Meterko, V., Wideman, M., & Wong, Y. (2011). Sexual orientation microaggressions: “Death by a thousand cuts” for lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth. Journal of LGBT Youth, 8(3), 234–259. doi: 10.1080/19361653.2011.584204. CrossRef

Neil, E. (2012). Making sense of adoption: Integration and differentiation from the perspective of adopted children in middle childhood. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(2), 409–416. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.11.011. CrossRef

Oakley, M. K. (2015). Same- sex parent socialization: Associations between gay and lesbian parenting strategies and child behavioral adjustment. Master’s thesis. University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Pierce, C. M., Carew, J. V., Pierce-Gonzalez, D., & Willis, D. (1977). An experiment in racism: TV commercials. Education and Urban Society, 10(1), 61–87. doi: 10.1177/001312457701000105. CrossRef

Renold, E. (2002). Presumed innocence: (Hetero)sexual, heterosexist and homophobic harassment among primary school girls and boys. Childhood: A Global Journal of Child Research, 9(4), 415–434. doi: 10.1177/0907568202009004004. CrossRef

Rivers, I., Poteat, V. P., & Noret, N. (2008). Victimization, social support, and psychosocial functioning among children of same-sex and opposite-sex couples in the United Kingdom. Developmental Psychology, 44(1), 127–134. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.127. PubMedCrossRef

Rogoff, B. (2003). The cultural nature of human development. New York: Oxford University Press.

Stevens, M., Perry, B., Burston, A., Golombok, S., & Golding, J. (2003). Openness in lesbian-mother families regarding mother’s sexual orientation and child’s conception by donor insemination. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 21(4), 347–362. doi: 10.1080/02646830310001622141. CrossRef

Sue, D. W. (2010). Microaggressions in everyday life: Race, gender, and sexual orientation. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A. M. B., Nadal, K. L., & Esquilin, M. (2007). Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice. American Psychologist, 62(4), 271–286. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.4.271. PubMedCrossRef

Tasker, F., & Golombok, S. (1995). Adults raised as children in lesbian families. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 65(2), 203–215. doi: 10.1037/h0079615. PubMedCrossRef

Tasker, F., & Granville, J. (2011). Children’s views of family relationships in lesbian-led families. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 7(1–2), 182–199. doi: 10.1080/1550428X.2011.540201. CrossRef

Troop-Gordon, W. (2015). The role of the classroom teacher in the lives of children victimized by peers. Child Development Perspectives, 9(1), 55–60. doi: 10.1111/cdep.12106. CrossRef

van Gelderen, L., Gartrell, N., Bos, H., & Hermanns, J. (2009). Stigmatization and resilience in adolescent children of lesbian mothers. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 5(3), 268–279. doi: 10.1080/15504280903035761. CrossRef

van Gelderen, L., Gartrell, N., Bos, H. W., van Rooij, F. B., & Hermanns, J. A. (2012). Stigmatization associated with growing up in a lesbian-parented family: What do adolescents experience and how do they deal with it? Children and Youth Services Review, 34(5), 999–1006. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.01.048. CrossRef

Vaughan, M. D., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2014). LGBT strengths: Incorporating positive psychology into theory, research, training, and practice. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 1(4), 325–334. doi: 10.1037/sgd0000053. CrossRef

Visconti, K. J., Kochenderfer-Ladd, B., & Clifford, C. A. (2013a). Children’s attributions for peer victimization: A social comparison approach. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 277–287. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2013.06.002. CrossRef

Visconti, K. J., Sechler, C. M., & Kochenderfer-Ladd, B. (2013b). Coping with peer victimization: The role of children’s attributions. School Psychology Quarterly, 28(2), 122–140. doi: 10.1037/spq0000014. PubMedCrossRef

Wainright, J. L., & Patterson, C. J. (2006). Delinquency, victimization, and substance use among adolescents with female same-sex parents. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(3), 526–530. doi: 10.1037/0893-3200.20.3.526. PubMedCrossRef

Wainright, J. L., & Patterson, C. J. (2008). Peer relations among adolescents with female same-sex parents. Developmental Psychology, 44, 117–126. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.117. PubMedCrossRef

Welsh, M. G. (2011). Growing up in a same-sex parented family: The adolescent voice of experience. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 7(1–2), 49–71. doi: 10.1080/1550428X.2010.537241. CrossRef

Wolcott, H. F. (1990). Transforming qualitative data: Description, analysis, and interpretation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Woodford, M. R., Howell, M. L., Kulick, A., & Silverschanz, P. (2013). “That’s so gay”: Heterosexual male undergraduates and the perpetuation of sexual orientation microaggressions on campus. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28(2), 416–435. doi: 10.1177/0886260512454719. PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Microaggressions, Feelings of Difference, and Resilience Among Adopted Children with Sexual Minority Parents
Auteurs:: Rachel H. Farr
Emily E. Crain
M. K. Oakley
Krystal K. Cashen
Karin J. Garber
Publicatiedatum: 15-09-2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-015-0353-6
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Tijdschrift: Journal of Youth and Adolescence A Multidisciplinary Research Publication
Uitgave 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2016

Adolescents’ Social Network Site Use, Peer Appearance-Related Feedback, and Body Dissatisfaction: Testing a Mediation Model

Doris M. Kieser: Catholic Sexual Theology and Adolescent Girls: Embodied Flourishing

Shamus Rahman Kahn: Privilege: The Making of an Adolescent Elite at St. Paul’s School

Child Welfare and the Transition to Adulthood: Investigating Placement Status and Subsequent Arrests

Deficits in Emotional Clarity and Vulnerability to Peer Victimization and Internalizing Symptoms Among Early Adolescents

The Relationship Between Immigrant School Composition, Classmate Support and Involvement in Physical Fighting and Bullying among Adolescent Immigrants and Non-immigrants in 11 Countries