Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Netherlands Heart Journal 11/2009

01-11-2009 | Review article

Methods for analysing cardiovascular studies with repeated measures

Auteurs: T. J. Cleophas, A. H. Zwinderman, B. M. van Ouwerkerk

Gepubliceerd in: Netherlands Heart Journal | Uitgave 11/2009

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Background. Repeated measurements in a single subject are generally more similar than unrepeated measurements in different subjects. Unrepeated analyses of repeated data cause underestimation of the treatment effects.
Objective. To review methods adequate for the analysis of cardiovascular studies with repeated measures.
Results. (1) For between-subjects comparisons, summary measures and random-effects mixedlinear models are possible. Examples of summary measures include the area under the curve of drug time-concentration and time-efficacy curves, maximal values, mean values, and changes from baseline. A problem is that precision is lost because averages, rather than individual data, are applied. Random-effects mixed-linear models, available in SPSS statistical software and other software programmes, provide better precision for that purpose. (2) For within-subjects comparisons, repeated-measures ANOVAs are available in SPSS and other software programmes. Subgroup factors such as gender differences and age class can be included.
Discussion. For non-Gaussian data, Wilcoxon's and Friedman's tests are available, for binary data McNemar's tests can be used in case of two repeated observations. No standard methods are available for repeated binary measures with more than two observations. The purpose of this review was not to present a complete report but, rather, to underline that ample efforts should be made to account for the special nature of repeated measures. (Neth Heart J 2009;17:429–33.)
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Benet LZ, Kroetz DL, Sheiner LB. Pharmacokinetic studies. In: Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacologic Basis Therapeutics, 9th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997 pp 5–27. Benet LZ, Kroetz DL, Sheiner LB. Pharmacokinetic studies. In: Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacologic Basis Therapeutics, 9th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997 pp 5–27.
2.
go back to reference SPSS Statistical Software 13.0, Chicago, IL, USA, 2000. SPSS Statistical Software 13.0, Chicago, IL, USA, 2000.
Metagegevens
Titel
Methods for analysing cardiovascular studies with repeated measures
Auteurs
T. J. Cleophas
A. H. Zwinderman
B. M. van Ouwerkerk
Publicatiedatum
01-11-2009
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Netherlands Heart Journal / Uitgave 11/2009
Print ISSN: 1568-5888
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-6250
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03086297

Andere artikelen Uitgave 11/2009

Netherlands Heart Journal 11/2009 Naar de uitgave