Top

Gepubliceerd in:

28-04-2016 | Original Article

Mediators and Moderators of a School-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Depression Prevention Program

Auteurs: Mylien T. Duong, Brynn M. Kelly, Wren L. Haaland, Brandon Matsumiya, Stanley J. Huey Jr, Carolyn A. McCarty

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 5/2016

Abstract

This study tested potential moderators and mediators of an indicated depression prevention program for middle school students, Positive Thoughts and Actions (PTA). Participants were 120 students randomly assigned to PTA, or a brief, individually administered supportive intervention (Individual Support Program). Youths completed measures of depressive symptoms at baseline, post-intervention, and 12-month follow-up. Hierarchical regression was used to test three moderators—ethnic minority status, gender, and baseline depressive symptoms—and three mediators representing functional outcomes targeted by PTA—parent–child communication, attitude towards school, and health behavior. Ethnic minority status did not moderate PTA effects at post-intervention but did moderate PTA effects at 12-month follow-up. At 12 months, PTA appeared to be more effective for White participants than ethnic minority youth. Follow-up analyses suggested this moderation effect was due to the tendency of ethnic minority youth, especially those with fewer symptoms at baseline, to drop out by 12 months. Neither gender nor baseline depressive symptoms moderated the effects of PTA. Although PTA improved parent-child communication and attitudes toward school, there was no evidence that any of the three functional outcomes measured mediated the impact of PTA on depressive symptoms. Future directions are discussed.

This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01220635.

vorige artikel Measuring Suitability for Cognitive Behavior Therapy: A Self-Report Measure

volgende artikel Parental Emotion Socialization Strategies and Their Interaction with Child Interpretation Biases Among Children with Anxiety Disorders

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Angold, A., Costello, E. J., Messer, S. C., & Pickles, A. (1995). Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 5(4), 237–249.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.CrossRefPubMed

Birkeland, M. S., Torsheim, T., & Wold, B. (2009). A longitudinal study of the relationship between leisure-time physical activity and depressed mood among adolescents. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(1), 25–34.CrossRef

Boyd-Franklin, N. (2003). Black families in therapy: Understanding the African American experience (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Brendgen, M., Vitaro, F., Bukowski, W. M., Dionne, G., Tremblay, R. E., & Boivin, M. (2013). Can friends protect genetically vulnerable children from depression? Development and Psychopathology, 25(2), 277–289.CrossRefPubMed

Brière, F. N., Rohde, P., Shaw, H., & Stice, E. (2014). Moderators of two indicated cognitive-behavioral depression prevention approaches for adolescents in a school-based effectiveness trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 53, 55–62. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.12.005.CrossRefPubMed

Brittian, A. S., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Lee, R. M., Zamboanga, B. L., Kim, S. Y., Weisskirch, R. S., et al. (2013). The moderating role of centrality on associations between ethnic identity affirmation and ethnic minority college students’ mental health. Journal of American College Health, 61(3), 133–140.CrossRefPubMed

Chen, J., & Rizzo, J. (2010). Racial and ethnic disparities in use of psychotherapy: Evidence from U.S. national survey data. Psychiatric Services, 61, 364–372. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.61.4.364.CrossRefPubMed

Clarke, G. N., Hawkins, W., Murphy, M., & Sheeber, L. (1993). School-based primary prevention of depressive symptomatology in adolescents: Findings from two studies. Journal of Adolescent Research, 8(2), 183–204.CrossRef

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates.

Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. (1988). Scales to assess child and adolescent depression: Checklists, screens, and nets. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 726–737. doi:10.1097/00004583-198811000-00011.CrossRefPubMed

Cowen, S. (2014). A meta-analysis of school-based depression prevention programs for children and adolescents (Ph.D.). Available from BYU Scholar Archive.

Crawford, T. N., Cohen, P., Midlarsky, E., & Brook, J. S. (2001). Internalizing symptoms in adolescents: Gender differences in vulnerability to parental distress and discord. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 11, 95–118. doi:10.1111/1532-7795.00005.CrossRef

Cumming, G. (2014). The new statistics: Why and how. Psychology Science, 25, 7–29. doi:10.1177/0956797613504966.CrossRef

Cundiff, J. L. (2012). Is mainstream psychological research ‘womanless’ and ‘raceless’? An updated analysis. Sex Roles, 67, 158–173. doi:10.1007/s11199-012-0141-7.CrossRef

de Bruyn, E. H., & Cillessen, A. H. N. (2006). Heterogeneity of girls’ consensual popularity: Academic and interpersonal behavioral profiles. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(3), 412–422.CrossRef

Dobalian, A., & Rivers, P. (2008). Racial and ethnic disparities in the use of mental health services. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 35(2), 128–141.CrossRef

Donovan, J. E., Jessor, R., & Costa, F. M. (1993). Structure of health-enhancing behavior in adolescence: A latent-variable approach. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 34, 346–362. doi:10.2307/2137372.CrossRefPubMed

Dunn, A. L., & Weintraub, P. (2008). Exercise in the prevention and treatment of adolescent depression: A promising but little researched intervention. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 2, 507–518. doi:10.1177/1559827608323225.CrossRef

Duong, M. T., Cruz, R. A., King, K. M., Violette, H. D., & McCarty, C. A. (2016). Twelve-month outcomes of a randomized trial of the Positive Thoughts and Action Program for depression among early adolescents. Prevention Science, 17, 295–305. doi:10.1007/s11121-015-0615-2.CrossRefPubMed

Fritz, M. S., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2007). Required sample size to detect the mediated effect. PSCI Psychological Science, 18(3), 233–239.CrossRef

Fröjd, S. A., Nissinen, E. S., Pelkonen, M. U. I., Marttunen, M. J., Koivisto, A., & Kaltiala-Heino, R. (2008). Depression and school performance in middle adolescent boys and girls. Journal of Adolescence, 31(4), 485–498.CrossRefPubMed

Fulkerson, J. A., Sherwood, N. E., Perry, C. L., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Story, M. (2004). Depressive symptoms and adolescent eating and health behaviors: A multifaceted view in a population-based sample. Preventive Medicine, 38, 865–875.CrossRefPubMed

Galambos, N. L., Leadbeater, B. J., & Barker, E. T. (2004). Gender differences in and risk factors for depression in adolescence: A 4-year longitudinal study. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28, 16–25. doi:10.1080/01650250344000235.CrossRef

Gau, J. M., Stice, E., Rohde, P., & Seeley, J. (2012). Negative life events and substance use moderate cognitive behavioral adolescent depression prevention intervention. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 41, 241–250. doi:10.1080/16506073.2011.649781.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Gelman, A., Hill, J., & Yajima, M. (2012). Why we (usually) don’t have to worry about multiple comparisons. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 5, 189–211. doi:10.1080/19345747.2011.618213.CrossRef

Gillham, J. E., Hamilton, J., Freres, D. R., Patton, K., & Gallop, R. (2006). Preventing depression among early adolescents in the primary care setting: A randomized controlled study of the Penn resiliency program. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34(2), 203–219. doi:10.1007/s10802-005-9014-7.CrossRefPubMed

Hall, G. C. N. (2001). Psychotherapy research with ethnic minorities: Empirical, ethical, and conceptual issues. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69(3), 502–510.CrossRefPubMed

Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(1), 128–140.CrossRefPubMed

Hankin, B. L., Mermelstein, R., & Roesch, L. (2007). Sex differences in adolescent depression: Stress exposure and reactivity models. Child Development, 78(1), 279–295.CrossRefPubMed

Hollon, S. D., Stewart, M. O., & Strunk, D. (2006). Enduring effects for cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 285–315.CrossRefPubMed

Horowitz, J. L., & Garber, J. (2006). The prevention of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 401–415.CrossRefPubMed

Horowitz, J. L., Garber, J., Ciesla, J. A., Young, J. F., & Mufson, L. (2007). Prevention of depressive symptoms in adolescents: A randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal prevention programs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 693–706. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.693.CrossRefPubMed

Huey, S. J. J., Tilley, J. L., Jones, E. O., & Smith, C. A. (2014). The contribution of cultural competence to evidence-based care for ethnically diverse populations. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10, 305–338. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153729.CrossRefPubMed

Jacobs, R. H., Becker, S. J., Curry, J. F., Silva, S. G., Ginsburg, G. S., Henry, D. B., & Reinecke, M. A. (2014). Increasing positive outlook partially mediates the effect of empirically supported treatments on depression symptoms among adolescents. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 28(1), 3–19.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Jaycox, L. H., Reivich, K. J., Gillham, J., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1994). Prevention of depressive symptoms in school children. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 801–816. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)90160-0.CrossRefPubMed

Kazdin, A. E., & Nock, M. K. (2003). Delineating mechanisms of change in child and adolescent therapy: Methodological issues and research recommendations. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44(8), 1116–1129.CrossRefPubMed

Kazdin, A. E., & Weisz, J. R. (1998). Identifying and developing empirically supported child and adolescent treatments. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66(1), 19–36.CrossRefPubMed

Kindt, K. C. M., Kleinjan, M., Janssens, J. M. A. M., & Scholte, R. H. J. (2014). Evaluation of a school-based depression prevention program among adolescents from low-income areas: A randomized controlled effectiveness trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11, 5273–5293. doi:10.3390/ijerph110505273.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lester, K., Artz, C., Resick, P. A., & Young-Xu, Y. (2010). Impact of race on early treatment termination and outcomes in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 480–489. doi:10.1037/a0019551.CrossRefPubMed

Lewinsohn, P. M., Roberts, R. E., Seeley, J. R., Rohde, P., Gotlib, I. H., & Hops, H. (1994). Adolescent psychopathology: II. Psychosocial risk factors for depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103(2), 302–315.CrossRefPubMed

Liu, L. L., & Lau, A. S. (2013). Teaching about race/ethnicity and racism matters: An examination of how perceived ethnic racial socialization processes are associated with depression symptoms. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 19, 383–394. doi:10.1037/a0033447.CrossRefPubMed

Lochman, J. E. (2001). Issues in prevention with school-aged children: Ongoing intervention refinement, developmental theory, prediction and moderation, and implementation and dissemination. Prevention & Treatment, 4, 4–11. doi:10.1037/1522-3736.4.1.44c.CrossRef

Loeber, R., Farrington, D. P., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Van Kammen, W. B. (1998). Antisocial behavior and mental health problems: Explanatory factors in childhood and adolescence. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.

MacKinnon, D. P., & Dwyer, J. H. (1993). Estimating mediated effects in prevention studies. Evaluation Review, 17, 144–158. doi:10.1177/0193841X9301700202.CrossRef

MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 593–614. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Marchand, E., Ng, J., Rohde, P., & Stice, E. (2010). Effects of an indicated cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program are similar for asian american, latino, and european american adolescents. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(8), 821–825.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

McCarty, C. A., Violette, H., Duong, M. T., & Cruz, R. (2013). A randomized trial of the Positive Thoughts and Action program for depression among early adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 42, 554–563. doi:10.1080/15374416.2013.782817.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Merry, S. N., & Stasiak, K. (2012). Preventing depression in adolescents. British Medical Journal, 345, e6720.CrossRefPubMed

Miranda, J., Bernal, G., Lau, A., Kohn, L., Hwang, W. C., & LaFromboise, T. (2005). State of the science on psychosocial interventions for ethnic minorities. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 113–142. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143822.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Nolan, S. A., Flynn, C., & Garber, J. (2003). Prospective relations between rejection and depression in young adolescents. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(4), 745–755.CrossRefPubMed

Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2001). Gender differences in depression. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(5), 173–176. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00142.CrossRef

Passel, J. S., & Cohn, D. (2008). U.S. population projections: 2005–2050. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.

Pelkonen, M., Marttunen, M., & Aro, H. (2003). Risk for depression: A 6-year follow-up of Finnish adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 77(1), 41–51.CrossRefPubMed

Peterson, A. C., Leffert, N., Graham, B., Alwin, J., & Ding, S. (1997). Promoting mental health during the transition to adulthood. In J. Schulenberg, J. L. Maggs, & K. Hurrelmann (Eds.), Health risks and developmental transitions during adolescence (pp. 471–497). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Plant, E., & Sachs-Ericsson, N. (2004). Racial and ethnic differences in depression: The roles of social support and meeting basic needs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(1), 41–52.CrossRefPubMed

Pössel, P., Baldus, C., Horn, A. B., Groen, G., & Hautzinger, M. (2005). Influence of general self-efficacy on the effects of a school-based universal primary prevention program of depressive symptoms in adolescents: A randomized and controlled follow-up study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46(9), 982–994.CrossRefPubMed

Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computational tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31, 437–448. doi:10.3102/10769986031004437.CrossRef

Reynolds, C. R., & Kampthaus, R. W. (2004). BASC-2: Behavior assessment system for children manual (2nd ed.). Minneapolis: Pearson.

Richardson, L. P., McCauley, E., McCarty, C. A., Grossman, D. C., Myaing, M., Zhou, C., et al. (2012). Predictors of persistence after positive depression screen among adolescents. Pediatrics, 130, e1541–e1548. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0450.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Rosenheck, R., Fontana, A., & Cottrol, C. (1995). Effect of clinician-veteran racial pairing in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 152(4), 555–563.CrossRefPubMed

Schraedley, P. K., Gotlib, I. H., & Hayward, C. (1999). Gender differences in correlates of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 25(2), 98–108.CrossRefPubMed

Schwartz, D., Gorman, A. H., Duong, M. T., & Nakamoto, J. (2008). Peer relationships and academic achievement as interacting predictors of depressive symptoms during middle childhood. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(2), 289–299. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.117.2.289.CrossRefPubMed

Seligman, M. E. P., Schulman, P., DeRubeis, R. J., & Hollon, S. D. (1999). The prevention of depression and anxiety. Prevention and Treatment, 2(1), 8–29.CrossRef

Shih, J. H., Eberhart, N. K., Hammen, C. L., & Brennan, P. A. (2006). Differential exposure and reactivity to interpersonal stress predict sex differences in adolescent depression. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35(1), 103–115.CrossRefPubMed

Siegel, J. M., Aneshensel, C. S., Taub, B., Cantwell, D. P., & Driscoll, A. K. (1998). Adolescent depressed mood in a multiethnic sample. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 27, 413–427. doi:10.1023/A:1022873601030.CrossRef

Stice, E., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., & Wade, E. (2010a). Efficacy trial of a brief cognitive-behavioral depression prevention program for high-risk adolescents: Effects at 1- and 2-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 856–867. doi:10.1037/a0020544.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Stice, E., Rohde, P., Seeley, J. R., & Gau, J. M. (2010b). Testing mediators of intervention effects in randomized controlled trials: An evaluation of three depression prevention programs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 273–280. doi:10.1037/a0018396.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Stice, E., Shaw, H., Bohon, C., Marti, C. N., & Rohde, P. (2009). A meta-analytic review of depression prevention programs for children and adolescents: Factors that predict magnitude of intervention effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 486–503. doi:10.1037/a0015168.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sue, S. (1998). In search of cultural competence in psychotherapy and counseling. American Psychologist, 53, 440–448. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.53.4.440.CrossRefPubMed

Sue, S., Fujino, D. C., Hu, L., Takeuchi, D. T., & Zane, N. W. S. (1991). Community mental health services for ethnic minority groups: A test of the cultural responsiveness hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 533–540. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.59.4.533.CrossRefPubMed

Sue, S., Zane, N., Hall, G. C. N., & Berger, L. K. (2009). The case for cultural competency in psychotherapeutic interventions. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 525–548.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Tang, T. Z., & DeRubeis, R. J. (1999). Sudden gains and critical sessions in cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 894–904. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.67.6.894.CrossRefPubMed

Telzer, E. H., & Fuligni, A. J. (2013). Positive daily family interactions eliminate gender differences in internalizing symptoms among adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(10), 1498–1511.CrossRefPubMed

Thornberry, T. P., Huizinga, D., & Loeber, R. (1995). The prevention of serious delinquency and violence: Implications from the program of research on the causes and correlates of delinquency. In J. Howell, B. Krisberg, J. D. Hawkins, & J. D. Wilson (Eds.), Sourcebook on serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders (pp. 213–327). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Turner, R. J., Taylor, J., & Gundy, K. V. (2004). Personal resources and depression in the transition to adulthood: Ethnic comparisons. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 45, 34–52. doi:10.1177/002214650404500103.CrossRefPubMed

Wierzbicki, M., & Pekarik, G. (1993). A meta-analysis of psychotherapy dropout. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24, 190–195. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.24.2.190.CrossRef

Zahn-Waxler, C. (2000). The development of empathy, guilt, and internalization of distress: Implications for gender differences in internalizing and externalizing problems. In R. Davidson (Ed.), Wisconsin symposium on emotion: Anxiety, depression, and emotion (Vol. 1, pp. 226–265). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Titel: Mediators and Moderators of a School-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Depression Prevention Program
Auteurs: Mylien T. Duong
Brynn M. Kelly
Wren L. Haaland
Brandon Matsumiya
Stanley J. Huey Jr
Carolyn A. McCarty
Publicatiedatum: 28-04-2016
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 5/2016
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9780-2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 5/2016

A Pilot Study of an Adaptive, Idiographic, and Multi-Component Attention Bias Modification Program for Social Anxiety Disorder

Can’t Look Away: An Eye-Tracking Based Attentional Disengagement Training for Depression

Positive Affectivity: Specificity of Its Facet Level Relations with Psychopathology

Identifying Patterns and Predictors of PTSD and Depressive Symptom Change During Cognitive Processing Therapy

Parental Emotion Socialization Strategies and Their Interaction with Child Interpretation Biases Among Children with Anxiety Disorders

Mindfulness, Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms, and Executive Dysfunction