Skip to main content
Top

2020 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

7. Maag-, darm- en leverziekten

Auteurs : Dr. Tanya Bisseling, Dr. Sander van der Marel, Dr. Annemarie Boleij, Drs. Carlijn Bruggeling, Drs. Menso Westerouen van Meeteren

Gepubliceerd in: Handboek leefstijlgeneeskunde

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Samenvatting

In geen enkel orgaansysteem komen gezondheid en ziekte dichter bij ‘voeding en leefstijl’ dan in het maag-darmstelsel. In het maag-darmstelsel kunnen voeding en leefstijl zowel het ontstaan als het beloop van ziekten in de verschillende organen beïnvloeden. In sommige gevallen heeft het ontstaan van ziekte/klachten duidelijk een relatie met specifieke voedingsstoffen en spelen leefstijlinterventies nauwelijks een rol. Bij andere aandoeningen spelen naast voeding ook leefstijlfactoren een rol bij het ontstaan en behandelen. Voor een derde groep aandoeningen is de relatie met voeding en leefstijl nog niet evident. Daarnaast is het microbioom een onmisbaar onderdeel van het maag-darmstelsel. Van sommige micro-organismen is bekend dat zij de kans op het ontwikkelen van ziekten kunnen vergroten. Beïnvloeding van het microbioom door voedings- en leefstijlinterventies kan positieve en negatieve effecten hebben op de gezondheid. In dit hoofdstuk ligt de focus, behalve op de invloed van het microbioom, op de meest voorkomende aandoeningen van het maag-darmstelsel waarbij een combinatie van voeding en leefstijl een rol speelt.
Literatuur
go back to reference Adams, L. A., Anstee, Q. M., Tilg, H., & Targher, G. (2017). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its relationship with cardiovascular disease and other extrahepatic diseases. Gut, 66(6), 1138–1153. Adams, L. A., Anstee, Q. M., Tilg, H., & Targher, G. (2017). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its relationship with cardiovascular disease and other extrahepatic diseases. Gut, 66(6), 1138–1153.
go back to reference Ajmera, V., Belt, P., Wilson, L. A., Gill, R. M., Loomba, R., Kleiner, D. E., et al. (2018). Among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, modest alcohol use is associated with less improvement in histologic steatosis and steatohepatitis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 16(9), 1511–20.e5. Ajmera, V., Belt, P., Wilson, L. A., Gill, R. M., Loomba, R., Kleiner, D. E., et al. (2018). Among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, modest alcohol use is associated with less improvement in histologic steatosis and steatohepatitis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 16(9), 1511–20.e5.
go back to reference Andriulli, A., Botteri, E., Almasio, P. L., et al. (2010). Smoking as a cofactor for causation of chronic pancreatitis: A meta-analysis. Pancreas, 39, 1205–1210. Andriulli, A., Botteri, E., Almasio, P. L., et al. (2010). Smoking as a cofactor for causation of chronic pancreatitis: A meta-analysis. Pancreas, 39, 1205–1210.
go back to reference Ascha, M. S., Hanouneh, I. A., Lopez, R., Tamimi, T. A., Feldstein, A. F., & Zein, N. N. (2010). The incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD), 51(6), 1972–1978. Ascha, M. S., Hanouneh, I. A., Lopez, R., Tamimi, T. A., Feldstein, A. F., & Zein, N. N. (2010). The incidence and risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD), 51(6), 1972–1978.
go back to reference Bager, P., Wohlfahrt, J., & Westergaard, T. (2008). Caesarean delivery and risk of atopy and allergic disease: Meta-analyses. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 38, 634–642. Bager, P., Wohlfahrt, J., & Westergaard, T. (2008). Caesarean delivery and risk of atopy and allergic disease: Meta-analyses. Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 38, 634–642.
go back to reference Casas, R., Sacanella, E., & Estruch, R. (2014). The immune protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders: Drug Targets, 14, 245–254. Casas, R., Sacanella, E., & Estruch, R. (2014). The immune protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders: Drug Targets, 14, 245–254.
go back to reference Casas, R., Sacanella, E., Urpi-Sarda, M., et al. (2016). Long-term immunomodulatory effects of a mediterranean diet in adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease in the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Nutrition, 146, 1684–1693. Casas, R., Sacanella, E., Urpi-Sarda, M., et al. (2016). Long-term immunomodulatory effects of a mediterranean diet in adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease in the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Nutrition, 146, 1684–1693.
go back to reference Couturier-Maillard, A., Secher, T., Rehman, A., et al. (2013). NOD2-mediated dysbiosis predisposes mice to transmissible colitis and colorectal cancer. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 123(2), 700–711. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI62236. Couturier-Maillard, A., Secher, T., Rehman, A., et al. (2013). NOD2-mediated dysbiosis predisposes mice to transmissible colitis and colorectal cancer. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 123(2), 700–711. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1172/​JCI62236.
go back to reference Enrique Dominguez-Munoza, J., Drewes b, A. M., Lindkvist, B., Ewald, N., Czako, L., Rosendahl, J., et al. (2018). Recommendations from the United European Gastroenterology evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology, 18, 847e854. Enrique Dominguez-Munoza, J., Drewes b, A. M., Lindkvist, B., Ewald, N., Czako, L., Rosendahl, J., et al. (2018). Recommendations from the United European Gastroenterology evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology, 18, 847e854.
go back to reference Estruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M. I., Corella, D., Arós, F., et al. (2018). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. The New England Journal of Medicine, 378(25), e34. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1800389. Estruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M. I., Corella, D., Arós, F., et al. (2018). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. The New England Journal of Medicine, 378(25), e34. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1056/​NEJMoa1800389.
go back to reference Gepner, Y., Shelef, I., Komy, O., Cohen, N., Schwarzfuchs, D., Bril, N., et al. (2019). The beneficial effects of Mediterranean diet over low-fat diet may be mediated by decreasing hepatic fat content. Journal of Hepatology, 71(2), 379–388. Gepner, Y., Shelef, I., Komy, O., Cohen, N., Schwarzfuchs, D., Bril, N., et al. (2019). The beneficial effects of Mediterranean diet over low-fat diet may be mediated by decreasing hepatic fat content. Journal of Hepatology, 71(2), 379–388.
go back to reference Gibson, P. R., Varney, J., Malakar, S., & Muir, J. G. (2015). Food components and irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology, 148, 1158–1174. Gibson, P. R., Varney, J., Malakar, S., & Muir, J. G. (2015). Food components and irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology, 148, 1158–1174.
go back to reference Gleeson, M., Bishop, N. C., Stensel, D. J., Lindley, M. R., Mastana, S. S., & Nimmo, M. A. (2011). The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise: Mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 11(9), 607–615. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3041. Gleeson, M., Bishop, N. C., Stensel, D. J., Lindley, M. R., Mastana, S. S., & Nimmo, M. A. (2011). The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise: Mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease. Nature Reviews Immunology, 11(9), 607–615. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1038/​nri3041.
go back to reference Han, S., Patel, B., Min, M., Bocelli, L., Kheder, J., Wachholtz, A., et al. (2018). Quality of life comparison between smokers and non-smokers with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology, 18, 269e274. Han, S., Patel, B., Min, M., Bocelli, L., Kheder, J., Wachholtz, A., et al. (2018). Quality of life comparison between smokers and non-smokers with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology, 18, 269e274.
go back to reference Haverkort, E. B., Binnekade, J. M., De Haan, R. J., Busch, O. R. C., Van Berge Henegouwen, M. I., & Gouma, D. J. (2012). Suboptimal intake of nutrients after esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 112(7), 1080–1087. Haverkort, E. B., Binnekade, J. M., De Haan, R. J., Busch, O. R. C., Van Berge Henegouwen, M. I., & Gouma, D. J. (2012). Suboptimal intake of nutrients after esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 112(7), 1080–1087.
go back to reference Hester, D., Golabi, P., Paik, J., Younossi, I., Mishra, A., & Younossi, Z. M. (2019). Among medicare patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common etiology and cause of mortality. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 3(11), 1459–1471. Hester, D., Golabi, P., Paik, J., Younossi, I., Mishra, A., & Younossi, Z. M. (2019). Among medicare patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common etiology and cause of mortality. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 3(11), 1459–1471.
go back to reference Kaltenbach, T., Crockett, S., & Gerson, L. B. (2006). Are lifestyle measures effective in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease? An evidence-based approach. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 965–971. Kaltenbach, T., Crockett, S., & Gerson, L. B. (2006). Are lifestyle measures effective in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease? An evidence-based approach. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 965–971.
go back to reference Kaser, A., Zeissig, S., & Blumberg, R. S. (2010). Inflammatory bowel disease. Annual Review of Immunology, 28, 573–621. Kaser, A., Zeissig, S., & Blumberg, R. S. (2010). Inflammatory bowel disease. Annual Review of Immunology, 28, 573–621.
go back to reference King, J. A., Underwood, F. E., Panaccione, N., Quan, J., Windsor, J. W., Kotze, P. G., et al. (2019). Trends in hospitalisation rates for inflammatory bowel disease in western versus newly industrialised countries: A population-based study of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 4(4), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30013-5. King, J. A., Underwood, F. E., Panaccione, N., Quan, J., Windsor, J. W., Kotze, P. G., et al. (2019). Trends in hospitalisation rates for inflammatory bowel disease in western versus newly industrialised countries: A population-based study of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 4(4), 287–295. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​S2468-1253(19)30013-5.
go back to reference Krzizek, E.-C., Brix, J. M., Herz, C. T., Kopp, H. P., Schernthaner, G.-H., Schernthaner, G., et al. (2018). Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in patients with morbid obesity before bariatric surgery. Obesity Surgery, 28, 643–648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-017-2902-4. Krzizek, E.-C., Brix, J. M., Herz, C. T., Kopp, H. P., Schernthaner, G.-H., Schernthaner, G., et al. (2018). Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency in patients with morbid obesity before bariatric surgery. Obesity Surgery, 28, 643–648. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s11695-017-2902-4.
go back to reference Luukkonen, P. K., Sädevirta, S., Zhou, Y., Kayser, B., Ali, A., Ahonen, L., et al. (2018). Saturated fat is more metabolically harmful for the human liver than unsaturated fat or simple sugars. Diabetes care, 41(8), 1732–1739. Luukkonen, P. K., Sädevirta, S., Zhou, Y., Kayser, B., Ali, A., Ahonen, L., et al. (2018). Saturated fat is more metabolically harmful for the human liver than unsaturated fat or simple sugars. Diabetes care, 41(8), 1732–1739.
go back to reference Mena, M. P., Sacanella, E., Vazquez-Agell, M., et al. (2009). Inhibition of circulating immune cell activation: a molecular antiinflammatory effect of the Mediterranean diet. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89, 248–256. Mena, M. P., Sacanella, E., Vazquez-Agell, M., et al. (2009). Inhibition of circulating immune cell activation: a molecular antiinflammatory effect of the Mediterranean diet. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89, 248–256.
go back to reference Palleja, A., Mikkelsen, K. H., Forslund, S. K., Kashani, A., Allin, K. H., Nielsen, T., et al. (2018). Recovery of gut microbiota of healthy adults following antibiotic exposure. Nature Microbiology, 3, 1255–1265. Palleja, A., Mikkelsen, K. H., Forslund, S. K., Kashani, A., Allin, K. H., Nielsen, T., et al. (2018). Recovery of gut microbiota of healthy adults following antibiotic exposure. Nature Microbiology, 3, 1255–1265.
go back to reference Patel, V., & Sanyal, A. J. (2013). Drug-induced steatohepatitis. Clinics in Liver Disease 17(4), 533–46, vii. Patel, V., & Sanyal, A. J. (2013). Drug-induced steatohepatitis. Clinics in Liver Disease 17(4), 533–46, vii.
go back to reference Piovani, D., Danese, S., Peyrin-Biroulet, L., Nikolopoulos, G. K., Lytras, T., & Bonovas, S. (2019). Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. Gastroenterology, 157(3), 647–659.e4. Piovani, D., Danese, S., Peyrin-Biroulet, L., Nikolopoulos, G. K., Lytras, T., & Bonovas, S. (2019). Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. Gastroenterology, 157(3), 647–659.e4.
go back to reference Romagnuolo, J., Talluri, J., Kennard, E., Sandhu, B. S., Sherman, S., Cote, G. A., et al. (2016). Clinical Profile, Etiology, and Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis in North American Women Analysis of a Large Multicenter Cohort. Pancreas, 45(7), 934–940. Romagnuolo, J., Talluri, J., Kennard, E., Sandhu, B. S., Sherman, S., Cote, G. A., et al. (2016). Clinical Profile, Etiology, and Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis in North American Women Analysis of a Large Multicenter Cohort. Pancreas, 45(7), 934–940.
go back to reference Romero-Gómez, M., Zelber-Sagi, S., & Trenell, M. (2017). Treatment of NAFLD with diet, physical activity and exercise. Journal of Hepatology, 67(4), 829–846. Romero-Gómez, M., Zelber-Sagi, S., & Trenell, M. (2017). Treatment of NAFLD with diet, physical activity and exercise. Journal of Hepatology, 67(4), 829–846.
go back to reference Schumann, D., Langhorst, J., Dobos, G., & Cramer, H. (2018b). Randomised clinical trial: Yoga vs a low-FODMAP diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 47(2), 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14400. Schumann, D., Langhorst, J., Dobos, G., & Cramer, H. (2018b). Randomised clinical trial: Yoga vs a low-FODMAP diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 47(2), 203–211. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1111/​apt.​14400.
go back to reference Stein, E. M., & Silverberg, S. J. (2014). Bone loss after bariatric surgery: Causes, consequences, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2(2), 165e74. Stein, E. M., & Silverberg, S. J. (2014). Bone loss after bariatric surgery: Causes, consequences, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2(2), 165e74.
go back to reference Stein, J., Stier, C., Raab, H., & Weiner, R. (2014). The nutritional and pharmacological consequences of obesity surgery. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 40(6), 582e609. Stein, J., Stier, C., Raab, H., & Weiner, R. (2014). The nutritional and pharmacological consequences of obesity surgery. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 40(6), 582e609.
go back to reference Thibault, R., Huber, O., Azagury, D. E., & Pichard, C. (2016). Twelve key nutritional issues in bariatric surgery. Clinical Nutrition, 35, 12e17. Thibault, R., Huber, O., Azagury, D. E., & Pichard, C. (2016). Twelve key nutritional issues in bariatric surgery. Clinical Nutrition, 35, 12e17.
go back to reference Torres, J., Ellul, P., Langhorst, J., Mikocka-Walus, A., Barreiro-de Acosta, M., Basnayake, C., et al. (2019). European Crohn’s and colitis organisation topical review on complementary medicine and psychotherapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis, 13(6), 673–685e. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz051. Torres, J., Ellul, P., Langhorst, J., Mikocka-Walus, A., Barreiro-de Acosta, M., Basnayake, C., et al. (2019). European Crohn’s and colitis organisation topical review on complementary medicine and psychotherapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis, 13(6), 673–685e. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1093/​ecco-jcc/​jjz051.
go back to reference Tremaroli, V., A., Karlsson, F., Werling, M., Le Roux, C. W., Nielsen, J., Bäckhed, F., et al. (2015). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty induce long-term changes on the human gut microbiome contributing to fat mass regulation. Cell Metabolism, 22, 228–238. Tremaroli, V., A., Karlsson, F., Werling, M., Le Roux, C. W., Nielsen, J., Bäckhed, F., et al. (2015). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty induce long-term changes on the human gut microbiome contributing to fat mass regulation. Cell Metabolism, 22, 228–238.
go back to reference Valenti, L., Bugianesi, E., Pajvani, U., & Targher, G. (2016). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Cause or consequence of type 2 diabetes? Liver International: official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver., 36(11), 1563–1579. Valenti, L., Bugianesi, E., Pajvani, U., & Targher, G. (2016). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Cause or consequence of type 2 diabetes? Liver International: official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver., 36(11), 1563–1579.
go back to reference Van den Berg, E. H., Amini, M., Schreuder, T. C., Dullaart, R. P., Faber, K. N., Alizadeh, B. Z., et al. (2017). Prevalence and determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in lifelines: A large Dutch population cohort. PLoS One, 12(2), e0171502. Van den Berg, E. H., Amini, M., Schreuder, T. C., Dullaart, R. P., Faber, K. N., Alizadeh, B. Z., et al. (2017). Prevalence and determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in lifelines: A large Dutch population cohort. PLoS One, 12(2), e0171502.
go back to reference Van der Waaji, L., & Stevens, J. (2014). FODMAP-beperkt dieet bij prikkelbaredarmsyndroom. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, 158, A7407. Van der Waaji, L., & Stevens, J. (2014). FODMAP-beperkt dieet bij prikkelbaredarmsyndroom. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, 158, A7407.
go back to reference Vilar-Gomez, E., Martinez-Perez, Y., Calzadilla-Bertot, L., Torres-Gonzalez, A., Gra-Oramas, B., Gonzalez-Fabian, L., et al. (2015). Weight loss through lifestyle modification significantly reduces features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology, 149(2), 78.e5; quiz e14-5–78. Vilar-Gomez, E., Martinez-Perez, Y., Calzadilla-Bertot, L., Torres-Gonzalez, A., Gra-Oramas, B., Gonzalez-Fabian, L., et al. (2015). Weight loss through lifestyle modification significantly reduces features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gastroenterology, 149(2), 78.e5; quiz e14-5–78.
go back to reference Vos, M. B., & Lavine, J. E. (2013). Dietary fructose in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD), 57(6), 2525–2531. Vos, M. B., & Lavine, J. E. (2013). Dietary fructose in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD), 57(6), 2525–2531.
go back to reference Vrieze, A., Holleman, F., Zoetendal, E. G., De Vos, W. M., Hoekstra, J. B. L., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2010). The environment within: How gut microbiota may influence metabolism and body composition. Diabetologia, 53, 606–613. Vrieze, A., Holleman, F., Zoetendal, E. G., De Vos, W. M., Hoekstra, J. B. L., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2010). The environment within: How gut microbiota may influence metabolism and body composition. Diabetologia, 53, 606–613.
go back to reference Wang, X., Li, J., Riaz, D. R., Shi, G., Liu, C., & Dai, Y. (2014). Outcomes of liver transplantation for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association., 12(3), 394–402.e1. Wang, X., Li, J., Riaz, D. R., Shi, G., Liu, C., & Dai, Y. (2014). Outcomes of liver transplantation for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology: the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association., 12(3), 394–402.e1.
go back to reference Wong, V. W.-S., Wong, G. L.-H., Chan, R. S.-M., Shu, S. S.-T., Cheung, B. H.-K., Li, L. S., et al. (2018). Beneficial effects of lifestyle intervention in non-obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of hepatology, 69(6), 1349–1356. Wong, V. W.-S., Wong, G. L.-H., Chan, R. S.-M., Shu, S. S.-T., Cheung, B. H.-K., Li, L. S., et al. (2018). Beneficial effects of lifestyle intervention in non-obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of hepatology, 69(6), 1349–1356.
go back to reference Younossi, Z. M., Loomba, R., Rinella, M. E., Bugianesi, E., Marchesini, G., Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A., et al. (2018). Current and future therapeutic regimens for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD), 68(1), 361–371. Younossi, Z. M., Loomba, R., Rinella, M. E., Bugianesi, E., Marchesini, G., Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A., et al. (2018). Current and future therapeutic regimens for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD), 68(1), 361–371.
go back to reference Zein, C. O., Unalp, A., Colvin, R., Liu, Y. C., & McCullough, A. J. (2011). Smoking and severity of hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Hepatology, 54(4), 753–759. Zein, C. O., Unalp, A., Colvin, R., Liu, Y. C., & McCullough, A. J. (2011). Smoking and severity of hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Hepatology, 54(4), 753–759.
go back to reference Zelber-Sagi, S., Ivancovsky-Wajcman, D., Fliss Isakov, N., Webb, M., Orenstein, D., Shibolet, O., et al. (2018). High red and processed meat consumption is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Journal of Hepatology, 68(6), 1239–1246. Zelber-Sagi, S., Ivancovsky-Wajcman, D., Fliss Isakov, N., Webb, M., Orenstein, D., Shibolet, O., et al. (2018). High red and processed meat consumption is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Journal of Hepatology, 68(6), 1239–1246.
go back to reference Zhou, C., Zhao, E., Li, Y., Jia, Y., & Li, F. (2019). Exercise therapy of patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Neurogastroenterology & Motility, 31, e13461. Zhou, C., Zhao, E., Li, Y., Jia, Y., & Li, F. (2019). Exercise therapy of patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Neurogastroenterology & Motility, 31, e13461.
Metagegevens
Titel
Maag-, darm- en leverziekten
Auteurs
Dr. Tanya Bisseling
Dr. Sander van der Marel
Dr. Annemarie Boleij
Drs. Carlijn Bruggeling
Drs. Menso Westerouen van Meeteren
Copyright
2020
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2324-1_7