Top

Mindfulness

Gepubliceerd in:

02-11-2022 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Linking University Students’ Mindfulness to Positive Adjustment Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: a 6-month Cross-Lagged Panel Design

Auteurs: Alfred S. Y. Lee, Yao Sun, Kevin Kien Hoa Chung

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 12/2022

Abstract

Objectives

In the face of a global pandemic, research on wellness-fostering resources is urgently needed, especially with longitudinal designs and diverse samples. According to the mindfulness-to-meaning theory and broaden-and-build theory, this study examined the reciprocal associations among a group of Chinese university students’ trait mindfulness, positive and negative affect, and use of positive coping strategies, including positive reappraisal, planning, and seeking of emotional support during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Participants were 247 Hong Kong university students (M_age = 20.96, SD = 2.38; female = 86%) who completed survey measures of mindfulness, positive and negative affect, and positive coping strategies at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Data were analysed using a cross-lagged panel design, controlling for participants’ age.

Results

The proposed reciprocal model exhibited an excellent fit with the data. There was a reciprocal association between trait mindfulness and positive affect over time. However, no significant reciprocal effect was found among mindfulness, negative affect, and positive coping strategies.

Conclusions

Theoretically, the current findings extended the two theories to a non-Western population during a critical time and suggested a long-term reciprocal association between positive affect and mindfulness. Our study provided important insight into university students’ positive well-being during COVID-19 and demonstrated the wellness-fostering effect of mindfulness.

vorige artikel Effects of Quality Practice on a Compassion Cultivation Training: Somatic and Imagery Levels of Analysis

volgende artikel A Web-Based, Mindful, and Compassionate Parenting Training for Mothers Experiencing Parenting Stress: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of the Mindful Moment Program

Adair, K. C., Fredrickson, B. L., Castro-Schilo, L., Kim, S., & Sidberry, S. (2018). Present with you: Does cultivated mindfulness predict greater social connection through gains in decentering and reductions in negative emotions? Mindfulness, 9(3), 737–749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0811-1CrossRef

Amutio, A., Martínez-Taboada, C., Hermosilla, D., & Delgado, L. C. (2015). Enhancing relaxation states and positive emotions in physicians through a mindfulness training program: A one-year study. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 20(6), 720–731. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2014.986143CrossRef

Behan, C. (2020). The benefits of meditation and mindfulness practices during times of crisis such as COVID-19. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 37(4), 256–258. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.38CrossRef

Birditt, K. S., Turkelson, A., Fingerman, K. L., Polenick, C. A., & Oya, A. (2021). Age differences in stress, life changes, and social ties during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for psychological well-being. The Gerontologist, 61(2), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa204CrossRef

Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., Segal, Z. V., Abbey, S., Speca, M., & Velting, D. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 230–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph077CrossRef

Bostanov, V., Ohlrogge, L., Britz, R., Hautzinger, M., & Kotchoubey, B. (2018). Measuring mindfulness: A psychophysiological approach. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, 249. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00249CrossRef

Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822CrossRef

Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol’too long: Consider the brief cope. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4(1), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6CrossRef

Chan, H.-L., Lo, L.-Y., Lin, M., & Thompson, N. (2016). Revalidation of the cognitive and affective mindfulness scale—Revised (CAMS-R) with its newly developed Chinese version (Ch-CAMS-R). Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, 10, e1. https://doi.org/10.1017/prp.2015.4CrossRef

Chan, K. K. S., Lee, C. W., & Mak, W. W. (2018). Mindfulness model of stigma resistance among individuals with psychiatric disorders. Mindfulness, 9(5), 1433–1442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0887-2CrossRef

Chen, Y., Peng, Y., Xu, H., & O’Brien, W. H. (2018). Age differences in stress and coping: Problem-focused strategies mediate the relationship between age and positive affect. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 86(4), 347–363. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091415017720890CrossRef

Chiodelli, R., de Mello, L. T. N., de Jesus, S. N., & Andretta, I. (2020). Effects of a brief mindfulness-based intervention on depression, anxiety, and stress in senior students. Trends in Psychology, 28(4), 529–545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-020-00034-2CrossRef

Czeisler, M. É., Lane, R. I., Petrosky, E., Wiley, J. F., Christensen, A., Njai, R., Weaver, M. D., Robbins, R., Facer-Childs, E. R., & Barger, L. K. (2020). Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic—United States, June 24–30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(32), 1049–1057. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6932a1CrossRef

Datu, J. A. D., Lee, A. S. Y., Fung, W. K., Cheung, R. Y. M., & Chung, K. K. H. (2022). Prospering in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: The effects of PROSPER-based intervention on psychological outcomes among preschool teachers. Journal of School Psychology, 94, 66–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2022.08.003CrossRef

de Vibe, M., Solhaug, I., Rosenvinge, J. H., Tyssen, R., Hanley, A., & Garland, E. (2018). Six-year positive effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on mindfulness, coping and well-being in medical and psychology students; Results from a randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE, 13(4), e0196053. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196053CrossRef

Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Scollon, C. N. (2009). Beyond the hedonic treadmill: Revising the adaptation theory of well-being. In E. Diener (Ed.), The science of well-being (pp. 103–118). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.61.4.305CrossRef

Du, J., An, Y., Ding, X., Zhang, Q., & Xu, W. (2019). State mindfulness and positive emotions in daily life: An upward spiral process. Personality and Individual Differences, 141, 57–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.11.037CrossRef

Duarte, D. F. B., Libório, J. R., Cavalcante, G. M. E., de Aquino, T. L., de CarvalhoBezerra, L., De Aguiar Rocha Martin, A. L., de Lacerda, J. V. R., Friary, V., & de Paula, J. D. A. (2022). The effects of mindfulness-based interventions in COVID-19 times: A systematic review. Journal of Human Growth and Development, 32(2), 315–326. https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v32.13313CrossRef

Dunning, D., Ahmed, S., Foulkes, L., Griffin, C., Griffiths, K., Leung, J., Parker, J., Pi-Sunyer, B. P., Sakhardande, A., & Bennett, M. (2022). The impact of mindfulness training in early adolescence on affective executive control, and on later mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomised controlled trial. Evidence-Based Mental Health, 25(3), 110–116. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmental-2022-300460CrossRef

Feldman, G., Hayes, A., Kumar, S., Greeson, J., & Laurenceau, J.-P. (2007). Mindfulness and emotion regulation: The development and initial validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29(3), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-006-9035-8CrossRef

Fleming, C. M., Womack, V. Y., & Proulx, J. (2022). Beyond white mindfulness: Critical perspectives on racism, well-being and liberation. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003090922CrossRef

Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2007). Positive affect and meaning-focused coping during significant psychological stress. In M. Hewstone, H. A. W. Schut, J. B. F. De Wit, K. Van Den Bos, & M. S. Stroebe (Eds.), The scope of social psychology: Theory and applications (pp. 193–208). Psychology Press.

Forgas, J. P. (2013). Don’t worry, be sad! On the cognitive, motivational, and interpersonal benefits of negative mood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(3), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412474458CrossRef

Forgas, J. P. (2017). Can sadness be good for you? Australian Psychologist, 52(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12232CrossRef

Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.56.3.218CrossRef

Garland, E. L., Fredrickson, B., Kring, A. M., Johnson, D. P., Meyer, P. S., & Penn, D. L. (2010). Upward spirals of positive emotions counter downward spirals of negativity: Insights from the broaden-and-build theory and affective neuroscience on the treatment of emotion dysfunctions and deficits in psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(7), 849–864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.002CrossRef

Garland, E. L., Farb, N. A., Goldin, P. R., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2015a). The mindfulness-to-meaning theory: Extensions, applications, and challenges at the attention–appraisal–emotion interface. Psychological Inquiry, 26(4), 377–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840x.2015.1092493CrossRef

Garland, E. L., Farb, N. A., Goldin, P. R., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2015b). Mindfulness broadens awareness and builds eudaimonic meaning: A process model of mindful positive emotion regulation. Psychological Inquiry, 26(4), 293–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2015.1064294CrossRef

Garland, E. L., Kiken, L. G., Faurot, K., Palsson, O., & Gaylord, S. A. (2017). Upward spirals of mindfulness and reappraisal: Testing the mindfulness-to-meaning theory with autoregressive latent trajectory modeling. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41(3), 381–392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9768-yCrossRef

Garland, E. L., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2019). Positive psychological states in the arc from mindfulness to self-transcendence: Extensions of the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory and applications to addiction and chronic pain treatment. Current Opinion in Psychology, 28, 184–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.004CrossRef

Gustavson, K., von Soest, T., Karevold, E., & Røysamb, E. (2012). Attrition and generalizability in longitudinal studies: Findings from a 15-year population-based study and a Monte Carlo simulation study. BMC Public Health, 12, 918. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-918CrossRef

Halladay, J. E., Dawdy, J. L., McNamara, I. F., Chen, A. J., Vitoroulis, I., McInnes, N., & Munn, C. (2019). Mindfulness for the mental health and well-being of post-secondary students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 10(3), 397–414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0979-zCrossRef

Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2014). Dispositional mindfulness co-varies with self-reported positive reappraisal. Personality and Individual Differences, 66, 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.03.014CrossRef

Hawley, S. R., Thrivikraman, J. K., Noveck, N., Romain, T. S., Ludy, M.-J., Barnhart, L., Chee, W. S. S., Cho, M. J., Chong, M. H. Z., & Du, C. (2021). Concerns of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Thematic perspectives from the United States, Asia, and Europe. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 4(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2021.4.1.10CrossRef

Heffer, T., & Willoughby, T. (2017). A count of coping strategies: A longitudinal study investigating an alternative method to understanding coping and adjustment. PLoS ONE, 12(10), e0186057. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186057CrossRef

Hofstede Insights. (2022). Compare countries. https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/. Accesed 21 Feb 2022.

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118CrossRef

Hu, X., & Subramony, M. (2022). Disruptive pandemic effects on telecommuters: A longitudinal study of work–family balance and well-being during COVID-19. Applied Psychology, 71(3), 807–826. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12387CrossRef

Ivtzan, I., Young, T., Martman, J., Jeffrey, A., Lomas, T., Hart, R., & Eiroa-Orosa, F. J. (2016). Integrating mindfulness into positive psychology: A randomised controlled trial of an online positive mindfulness program. Mindfulness, 7(6), 1396–1407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0581-1CrossRef

Jislin-Goldberg, T., Tanay, G., & Bernstein, A. (2012). Mindfulness and positive affect: Cross-sectional, prospective intervention, and real-time relations. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(5), 349–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.700724CrossRef

Johnson, L. K., Nadler, R., Carswell, J., & Minda, J. P. (2021). Using the broaden-and-build theory to test a model of mindfulness, affect, and stress. Mindfulness, 12(7), 1696–1707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01633-5CrossRef

Josefsson, T., Lindwall, M., & Broberg, A. G. (2014). The effects of a short-term mindfulness based intervention on self-reported mindfulness, decentering, executive attention, psychological health, and coping style: Examining unique mindfulness effects and mediators. Mindfulness, 5(1), 18–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0142-1CrossRef

Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hyperion.

Kreibig, S. D., & Gross, J. J. (2017). Understanding mixed emotions: Paradigms and measures. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 15, 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.05.016CrossRef

Kuo, B. C. (2013). Collectivism and coping: Current theories, evidence, and measurements of collective coping. International Journal of Psychology, 48(3), 374–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.640681CrossRef

Lam, C. B., Lam, C. S., & Chung, K. K. H. (2022). Does mindfulness moderate the link of worry about COVID-19 with adjustment? An actor-partner interdependence model approach. Mindfulness, 13(3), 627–636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01818-yCrossRef

Lansford, J. E., Skinner, A. T., Godwin, J., Chang, L., Deater-Deckard, K., Di Giunta, L., Dodge, K. A., Gurdal, S., Liu, Q., & Long, Q. (2021). Pre-pandemic psychological and behavioral predictors of responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in nine countries. Development and Psychopathology, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001139

LeBlanc, S., Uzun, B., & Aydemir, A. (2021). Structural relationship among mindfulness, reappraisal and life satisfaction: The mediating role of positive affect. Current Psychology, 40(9), 4406–4415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00383-xCrossRef

Lee, A. S. Y., Standage, M., Hagger, M. S., & Chan, D. K. C. (2020). Predictors of in-school and out-of-school sport injury prevention: A test of the trans-contextual model. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 31(1), 215–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13826CrossRef

Lee, A. S. Y., Standage, M., Hagger, M. S., & Chan, D. K. C. (2021). Applying the trans-contextual model to promote sport injury prevention behaviors among secondary school students. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 31(9), 1840–1852. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14002CrossRef

Lee, A. S. Y., Fung, W. K., Daep Datu, J. A., & Chung, K. K. H. (2022). Well-being profiles of pre-service teachers in Hong Kong: Associations with teachers’ self-efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Reports. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941221127631CrossRef

Li, J.-B., Yang, A., Dou, K., & Cheung, R. Y. (2020). Self-control moderates the association between perceived severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and mental health problems among the Chinese public. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 4820. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134820CrossRef

Little, R. J., & Rubin, D. B. (2019). Statistical analysis with missing data (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119482260CrossRef

Liu, J.-D., You, R.-H., Liu, H., & Chung, P.-K. (2020). Chinese version of the international positive and negative affect schedule short form: Factor structure and measurement invariance. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18, 285. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-020-01526-6CrossRef

Mahlo, L., & Windsor, T. D. (2021). Older and more mindful? Age differences in mindfulness components and well-being. Aging & Mental Health, 25(7), 1320–1331. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2020.1734915CrossRef

McConville, J., McAleer, R., & Hahne, A. (2017). Mindfulness training for health profession students—the effect of mindfulness training on psychological well-being, learning and clinical performance of health professional students: A systematic review of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. Explore, 13(1), 26–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2016.10.002CrossRef

McLaughlin, L. E., Luberto, C. M., O’Bryan, E. M., Kraemer, K. M., & McLeish, A. C. (2019). The indirect effect of positive affect in the relationship between trait mindfulness and emotion dysregulation. Personality and Individual Differences, 145, 70–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.03.020CrossRef

Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. (2017). Mplus user’s guide: Statistical analysis with latent variables, user’s guide. Muthén & Muthén.

Nesse, R. M. (2005). Twelve crucial points about emotions, evolution and mental disorders. Psychology Review, 11(4), 12–14.

Pfefferbaum, B., & North, C. S. (2020). Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic. New England Journal of Medicine, 383(6), 510–512. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2008017CrossRef

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 539–569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452CrossRef

Roberts-Wolfe, D., Sacchet, M., Hastings, E., Roth, H., & Britton, W. (2012). Mindfulness training alters emotional memory recall compared to active controls: Support for an emotional information processing model of mindfulness. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00015CrossRef

Rogaten, J., & Moneta, G. B. (2015). Use of creative cognition and positive affect in studying: Evidence of a reciprocal relationship. Creativity Research Journal, 27(2), 225–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2015.1030312CrossRef

Rogowska, A. M., Kuśnierz, C., & Ochnik, D. (2021). Changes in stress, coping styles, and life satisfaction between the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal cross-lagged study in a sample of university students. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(17), 4025. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10174025CrossRef

Russell, J. A., & Carroll, J. M. (1999). On the bipolarity of positive and negative affect. Psychological Bulletin, 125(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.1.3CrossRef

Shapiro, S. L., Carlson, L. E., John, A., & Freedman, B. (2006). Mechanisms of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(3), 373–386. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20237CrossRef

Shapiro, S. L., Oman, D., Thoresen, C. E., Plante, T. G., & Flinders, T. (2008). Cultivating mindfulness: Effects on well-being. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64(7), 840–862. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20491CrossRef

Shin, T., Davison, M. L., & Long, J. D. (2017). Maximum likelihood versus multiple imputation for missing data in small longitudinal samples with nonnormality. Psychological Methods, 22(3), 426–449. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000094CrossRef

Su, X.-Y., Lau, J. T., Mak, W. W., Choi, K., Feng, T.-J., Chen, X., Liu, C.-L., Liu, J., Liu, D., & Chen, L. (2015). A preliminary validation of the Brief COPE instrument for assessing coping strategies among people living with HIV in China. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 4, 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-015-0074-9CrossRef

Sun, Y., Lin, S.-Y., & Chung, K. K. H. (2020). University students’ perceived peer support and experienced depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of emotional well-being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9308. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249308CrossRef

Sun, Y., Lam, C. B., & Chung, K. K. H. (2022). Being hopeful and mindful during adversity: A longitudinal study on college students’ adjustment during COVID-19. Mindfulness, 13, 1499–1509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01892-wCrossRef

Tan, C.-S., Hashim, I. H. M., Pheh, K.-S., Pratt, C., Chung, M.-H., & Setyowati, A. (2021). The mediating role of openness to experience and curiosity in the relationship between mindfulness and meaning in life: Evidence from four countries. Current Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01430-2CrossRef

ter Avest, M. J., Greven, C. U., Huijbers, M. J., Wilderjans, T. F., Speckens, A. E., & Spinhoven, P. (2020). Mindfulness and affect during mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for recurrent depression: An autoregressive latent trajectory analysis. Mindfulness, 11(10), 2360–2370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01453-zCrossRef

Thompson, E. R. (2007). Development and validation of an internationally reliable short-form of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38(2), 227–242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022106297301CrossRef

Vos, L. M., Habibović, M., Nyklíček, I., Smeets, T., & Mertens, G. (2021). Optimism, mindfulness, and resilience as potential protective factors for the mental health consequences of fear of the coronavirus. Psychiatry Research, 300, 113927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113927CrossRef

Wang, H., & Hall, N. C. (2021). Exploring relations between teacher emotions, coping strategies, and intentions to quit: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of School Psychology, 86, 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2021.03.005CrossRef

Xiang, Y.-T., Yang, Y., Li, W., Zhang, L., Zhang, Q., Cheung, T., & Ng, C. H. (2020). Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(3), 228–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8CrossRef

Titel: Linking University Students’ Mindfulness to Positive Adjustment Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: a 6-month Cross-Lagged Panel Design
Auteurs: Alfred S. Y. Lee
Yao Sun
Kevin Kien Hoa Chung
Publicatiedatum: 02-11-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness / Uitgave 12/2022
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-02014-2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 12/2022

Preliminary Evidence for Lasting Benefits One Year Following Mindfulness Training Among Older Family Caregivers of Persons with Neurodegenerative Disease

Effects of Quality Practice on a Compassion Cultivation Training: Somatic and Imagery Levels of Analysis

Meta-analysis Provides Weak Evidence for an Effect of Mindfulness on Neural Activity Related to Error-Processing in Healthy Individuals Only

The Qualities Pertinent to Awakening: Bringing Mindfulness Home

Effects of Mindful Practices on Terror of Mortality: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Lorraine Hobbs and Niina Tamura: Teaching Self-Compassion to Teens. Guilford, New York, 2022, 238 pp