The purposes of this descriptive correlational study were to explore life adaptation and its related factors among the elderly living in long-term care facilities. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 90 elderly residents living in 13 long-term care facilities in Taichung County and Taichung City. The measurement tools included the life adaptation scale and other scales measuring related factors, including functional status, perceived choices and level of preparation. Data were analyzed by SPSS Win10.0. The mean score on the life adaptation scale was 96.89 (SD=13.8). Functional status, perceived choice, and level of preparation were positively correlated with life adaptation. Stepwise multiple regression showed that functional status and perceived choice totally explained 41.5% of the variance in life adaptation. The results of this study may provide nurses, social workers, and facility personnel with useful information about life adaptation and related factors among the elderly living in long-term care facilities. They may also serve as useful references for other health professionals caring for the elderly, especially in relation to reducing life adaptation problems.