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Four types of manipulability ratings and naming latencies for a set of 560 photographs of objects

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Abstract

The role of objects’ motor affordances in cognition is a topic that has gained in popularity over the last decades. However, few studies exist that have normed the different motor dimensions of the objects; this limits researchers regarding usable stimuli, as well as comparability between studies. In the present study, we normed a set of 560 objects on four motor dimensions: the ease with which they can be grasped, moved, and pantomimed and the number of actions they afford. We then examined whether these four dimensions predict objects’ naming latency. We believe that these norms will allow researchers interested in the role of motor affordances to have a better control over the dimensions they want to manipulate.

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Author Note

This research was supported by discovery grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to Katherine Guérard and Mathieu Brodeur.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katherine Guérard.

Appendices

Appendix 1

figure a
figure b
figure c
figure d
figure e
figure f
figure g
figure h

Appendix 2

Instructions in the grasp rating task:

“Objects differ in the extent to which a person can grasp them using their hands. Some objects are easier to grasp than others. For example, a cup can be grasped easily, whereas an elephant is more difficult to grasp. The purpose of the present experiment is to rate objects regarding the ease with which a person can grasp them. Any object that is easy to grasp should be given a high rating; any object that is difficult to grasp should be given a low rating. Your ratings will be made on a 1 to 7 scale, a value of 1 indicating that the object is very difficult to grasp and a value of 7 indicating that the object is very easy to grasp. Values of 2 to 6 indicate intermediate ratings. Click on the most appropriate value for each object. Respond as spontaneously as possible.”

Instructions in the move rating task:

“Objects differ in the extent to which a person can move them in space. Some objects are easier to move than others. For example, a die is easy to move. A chair can also be moved, but less easily than a die. A building is an object that cannot be moved. The purpose of the present experiment is to rate objects regarding the ease with which a person can move them in space. Any object that is easy to move should be given a high rating. Any object that is difficult to move should be given a low rating. Your ratings will be made on a 1 to 7 scale. A value of 1 indicates that the object is very difficult to move, while a value of 7 indicates that the object is very easy to move. Values of 2 to 6 indicate intermediate ratings. Click on the most appropriate value for each object. Respond as spontaneously as possible.”

Instructions in the pantomime rating task:

“Objects differ in the extent to which a person can think of an action involving that object. For some objects it is easier to think of an action than for others. The purpose of the present experiment is to rate objects regarding the ease with which a person can pantomime their use. For example, a hammer is associated with an action that is easy to pantomime. It is also possible to pantomime the use of a chair (you can sit on it). It is more difficult to pantomime the action than can be performed using a ceiling. Any object that is easy to pantomime should be given a high rating. Any object that is difficult to pantomime should be given a low rating. Your ratings will be made on a 1 to 7 scale, a value of 1 indicating that the object is very difficult to pantomime and a value of 7 indicating that the object is very easy to pantomime. Values of 2 to 6 indicate intermediate ratings. Click on the most appropriate value for each object. When rating an object, try to be as accurate as possible, but do not spend too much time on it.”

Instructions in the number-of-actions task:

“In each trial, an object will appear on the computer screen. Your task is to determine the number of actions that you can perform with the object. For each object, click on the value corresponding to the number of possible actions.”

Instructions for the naming task

“In each trial, an object will appear on the computer screen. Your task is to name that object as quickly as possible. Say the name of the object and avoid using determinants (for instance, “a”) or adjectives (for instance, the color or size of the objects). If you do not know the name of the object, say nothing.”

Appendix 3

Object

French Modal Name

Naming

Naming Latency

Grasp

Move

Pantomime

Number of Actions

N

%NA

M

SD

M

SD

M

SD

M

SD

M

SD

50 dollar bill

cinquante dollars

25

40

  

6.95

0.22

7..00

0.00

3.70

2.39

1.90

1.77

accordion

accordéon

23

91

914

211

5.45

1.43

5.90

0.97

6.10

1.33

2.45

1.79

air compressor

compresseur

17

35

  

1.95

1.54

2.70

1.38

1.75

1.25

1.65

2.03

anchor

ancre

23

87

1,314

500

3.75

2.07

3.50

1.85

2.90

2.07

0.75

0.64

ant

fourmi

23

78

1,085

596

5.35

2.21

6.45

1.50

1.25

0.55

1.00

1.81

apple

pomme

25

100

694

133

6.85

0.67

6.90

0.31

5.75

2.07

1.80

1.20

aquarium

aquarium

22

95

1,221

468

3.80

1.44

3.75

1.55

1.55

1.05

1.40

1.50

arm

bras

24

96

1,204

422

4.45

2.50

5.75

2.17

4.45

2.42

2.90

2.31

armchair

chaise

24

67

  

3.55

1.61

4.50

1.57

6.10

1.25

1.45

0.69

armor

armure

22

82

1,231

479

3.05

1.43

3.95

1.67

1.95

1.32

1.45

1.23

ashtray

cendrier

20

80

  

6.60

0.94

6.95

0.22

4.60

1.79

0.85

0.59

atm

guichet

23

39

  

1.45

1.00

2.00

1.21

5.60

1.82

2.45

2.04

awning

chapiteau

7

29

  

2.90

1.52

3.10

1.48

1.40

0.99

0.55

0.51

axe

hache

24

92

1,097

506

6.30

0.92

6.20

0.89

6.90

0.31

1.40

0.82

backpack

sac à dos

25

64

  

6.90

0.31

6.40

0.60

5.70

1.53

1.80

1.28

badmintonracket

raquette

23

74

997

300

6.90

0.31

7.00

0.00

6.35

1.31

1.55

1.19

bag tie

attache à pain

11

18

  

6.60

1.39

6.90

0.45

4.50

1.99

1.05

0.60

balcony

clôture

16

38

  

1.40

0.88

1.50

0.83

1.45

1.00

0.45

0.69

balloon

balloon

24

88

1,280

323

6.55

1.36

6.95

0.22

3.55

2.44

1.40

1.35

banana

banane

24

100

725

163

6.85

0.49

6.90

0.31

6.05

1.90

1.55

1.23

band-aid

plaster

23

48

  

6.85

0.49

6.95

0.22

5.85

1.31

1.40

0.50

barbecue

barbecue

23

96

1,058

426

2.60

1.57

4.50

1.88

5.20

1.91

2.60

2.01

barbed wire

barbelé

20

45

  

1.55

0.94

2.70

1.42

1.45

0.83

0.30

0.47

barn

grange

24

58

  

1.05

0.22

1.15

0.37

1.45

0.89

1.35

1.76

barrel

baril

19

42

  

3.80

1.67

4.45

1.23

1.80

1.51

1.40

1.19

baseball

balle

25

56

  

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

6.45

0.76

1.90

1.37

baseball bat

bat de baseball

25

28

  

6.65

0.67

6.55

0.69

6.70

0.57

1.65

0.88

baseboard

baseboard

14

36

  

4.55

2.26

5.25

1.68

1.25

0.64

0.05

0.22

baseboard heater

calorifère

18

61

  

3.55

1.79

4.10

2.10

1.80

1.28

0.60

0.50

basket

panier

24

92

1,035

226

6.75

0.44

6.75

0.44

4.10

1.97

1.10

0.64

basketball hoop

panier

24

38

  

1.90

0.91

3.65

1.57

5.15

2.16

1.40

1.27

bathtub

bain

23

74

1,005

358

2.05

1.70

1.75

0.91

5.10

1.74

2.05

1.36

battery

batterie

25

96

935

226

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

2.60

1.76

1.20

1.32

bear

ours

23

96

957

336

1.15

0.49

1.60

1.35

1.50

0.69

1.60

2.21

bed

lit

15

100

  

1.70

0.98

3.00

1.45

5.90

1.59

3.05

1.90

bee

abeille

24

92

851

278

5.30

2.08

5.95

1.88

1.50

1.24

1.20

1.77

beehive

nid d'abeille

19

32

  

4.50

1.85

4.10

2.40

1.20

0.70

0.65

0.81

beer mug

verre

25

40

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

6.40

1.19

1.20

0.41

belt

ceinture

24

88

899

439

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

6.10

1.17

1.80

1.28

bench

banc

25

92

1,281

354

4.70

1.84

5.80

1.11

4.35

2.11

1.45

0.60

bicycle

bicyclette

24

46

  

4.80

1.64

5.60

1.10

6.30

0.86

2.45

1.82

bicycle rack

clôture

16

38

  

2.55

1.82

2.70

1.42

2.40

2.01

1.05

0.83

bicycle wheel

roue

20

80

  

5.25

1.55

5.80

1.40

2.45

1.61

1.40

1.23

binder

cartable

25

68

955

248

6.70

0.57

6.70

0.57

5.85

0.99

1.75

1.07

binoculars

jumelles

18

56

  

6.70

0.47

6.55

0.83

6.65

0.67

1.40

0.75

bird feeder

mangeoire

21

52

  

5.40

2.11

5.90

1.41

2.40

1.88

1.25

0.85

bird house

cabane à oiseau

19

16

  

3.30

2.00

3.70

2.00

1.70

1.45

0.30

0.47

bleachers

estrades

17

41

  

1.30

0.92

1.95

0.94

3.55

2.37

1.35

1.53

blueberry

bleuet

25

100

1,052

337

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

4.65

2.60

1.60

1.57

boat (motor)

bateau

24

100

907

297

1.15

0.37

1.65

1.14

3.50

2.12

1.50

1.40

boat (row)

bateau

25

64

  

1.85

0.81

3.40

1.96

4.05

2.19

1.25

0.91

boat motor

moteur

17

71

  

2.95

1.79

3.55

1.43

2.65

1.60

0.90

0.85

book

livre

20

100

919

307

6.85

0.37

6.85

0.37

6.00

1.65

1.80

0.89

bookshelf

étagère

23

52

  

3.30

1.59

4.25

1.33

3.80

2.35

1.30

1.13

bottle of wine

vin

24

42

  

6.75

0.55

6.65

0.59

5.70

1.59

1.80

0.95

bottle opener

ouvre-bouteille

16

44

  

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

6.10

1.37

1.60

0.88

bow

boucle

22

77

1,201

366

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

2.10

1.41

0.65

0.81

box

boîte

23

96

1,062

282

6.80

0.52

6.80

0.41

4.10

1.83

1.55

1.32

box cutter

exacto

22

45

  

6.70

0.73

6.80

0.41

6.15

0.93

1.55

1.32

brain

cerveau

25

92

961

317

5.90

1.74

6.45

1.36

2.20

1.64

2.05

2.50

branch

branche

24

67

  

6.65

1.14

6.70

0.57

2.55

1.85

1.65

1.69

brass lip strike

serrure

7

71

  

5.50

2.19

5.30

2.23

1.50

0.69

0.30

0.47

brick

brique

22

91

987

261

4.40

1.90

5.05

1.28

2.00

1.62

1.25

1.83

bridge

pont

23

96

958

265

1.05

0.22

1.25

0.79

2.20

1.70

0.60

0.82

broccoli

brocoli

23

96

958

234

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

4.05

2.35

1.40

0.75

brush

brosse

23

83

1,266

523

6.90

0.45

6.80

0.52

5.65

2.01

1.65

1.35

bullet

balle

22

50

  

6.50

1.47

6.90

0.31

3.45

2.11

1.30

1.45

buoy

bouée

15

80

  

1.10

0.31

2.00

1.03

1.50

1.00

0.40

0.68

burner

rond de poêle

15

33

  

4.40

2.39

5.60

1.73

2.85

1.90

0.90

0.55

bus shelter

arrêt de bus

16

25

  

1.20

0.52

1.65

0.99

1.95

1.54

0.80

0.70

bust

statue

24

83

1,342

570

2.75

1.37

4.30

2.05

1.15

0.37

0.20

0.52

butterfly

papillon

25

100

829

210

5.60

1.98

6.55

1.19

1.30

0.80

0.95

1.82

button

bouton

25

100

1,025

403

6.65

1.18

6.95

0.22

3.65

2.01

1.20

1.28

cabinet

armoire

23

52

  

2.50

1.82

2.80

1.32

4.20

1.96

1.55

1.36

cactus

cactus

24

100

1,190

431

4.85

2.18

6.20

1.11

1.60

1.05

0.60

0.82

cake

gâteau

25

100

1,068

397

5.25

1.52

5.80

0.95

3.80

1.94

1.85

1.35

calendar

calendrier

24

100

886

202

6.60

0.88

6.90

0.31

2.55

2.11

1.30

0.92

call bell

cloche

22

59

  

6.75

0.64

6.60

0.94

5.95

1.61

1.00

0.32

camera

caméra

25

48

  

6.80

0.41

6.80

0.52

6.75

0.55

2.05

1.64

candelabra

chandelier

22

77

1,026

282

6.20

1.11

6.15

0.88

3.40

1.96

1.15

0.93

candle

chandelle

21

95

1,083

336

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

4.35

1.87

1.10

0.45

cane

canne

25

100

1,032

296

6.90

0.31

6.85

0.37

6.40

1.39

1.70

1.13

cannon

canon

21

100

1,210

567

1.05

0.22

2.20

1.58

3.65

1.98

1.00

0.97

car

auto

24

46

  

1.05

0.22

2.05

1.85

6.15

1.39

2.85

2.21

car antenna

antenne

13

77

  

4.85

1.87

5.55

1.93

2.05

1.76

0.40

0.60

car battery

batterie

21

86

1,087

272

4.60

1.76

5.20

1.36

1.90

1.29

0.95

0.83

car mat

tapis

23

74

1,327

488

6.50

0.95

6.80

0.41

1.85

1.39

0.80

0.83

carrot

carotte

25

100

733

132

6.65

1.35

7.00

0.00

4.45

2.16

2.00

1.49

castle

château

23

96

1,176

499

1.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

1.45

1.39

1.45

2.19

cat

chat

25

100

812

197

5.40

1.85

6.05

0.89

2.65

1.84

2.25

2.05

cattail

quenouille

13

85

  

6.45

1.05

6.75

0.55

1.25

0.55

0.60

0.82

cd rom

CD

25

60

  

6.85

0.49

6.95

0.22

4.20

1.85

1.50

1.43

ceiling fan

fan

21

67

  

3.25

1.94

4.25

1.68

2.55

1.96

0.75

0.72

cell phone

cellulaire

25

52

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

6.40

1.50

2.30

1.81

chain

chaîne

24

100

959

375

5.80

1.85

6.60

0.82

2.25

1.45

1.65

1.42

chain mail

armure

18

39

  

4.55

1.96

5.15

1.57

1.45

0.60

1.15

0.93

chair (folding)

chaise

25

88

726

200

6.25

0.97

5.80

0.83

6.45

1.19

1.75

0.85

chair (office)

chaise

24

83

875

296

3.95

1.61

5.65

1.23

6.00

1.45

2.15

1.50

chandelier

lumière

22

59

  

3.80

1.67

4.45

1.54

2.15

1.76

1.05

1.15

cherry picker

crane

11

27

  

1.35

1.14

2.20

1.61

2.70

1.87

1.55

1.85

chest

coffre

19

58

  

5.00

2.05

5.50

1.57

3.10

1.89

1.25

0.72

chimney

cheminée

25

88

1,024

347

1.35

0.59

1.60

0.68

1.75

1.21

0.40

0.68

chimpanzee

singe

24

67

  

2.70

1.59

3.85

1.50

2.35

1.79

1.70

2.18

christmas ball

boule

22

55

  

6.75

1.12

6.85

0.49

3.35

2.28

0.80

0.52

christmas lights

lumière

23

52

  

5.85

1.46

6.55

0.69

2.35

1.73

1.00

0.79

christmas tree

sapin

24

46

  

3.20

1.58

4.15

1.69

2.15

1.46

1.30

1.34

church

église

25

72

1,156

417

1.05

0.22

1.05

0.22

1.90

1.55

0.75

1.37

cigarette

cigarette

24

100

902

286

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

6.75

0.55

1.10

0.55

cinder block

brique

25

80

1,013

331

4.15

1.81

4.30

1.78

1.75

1.21

1.55

2.09

clock (alarm)

réveil-matin

23

39

  

6.65

0.93

6.50

1.36

5.20

1.70

3.00

2.08

clock (table)

horloge

25

84

1,119

387

6.85

0.37

6.70

0.57

3.50

2.19

0.95

0.69

clock (town)

horloge

24

100

1,378

408

1.60

0.88

1.90

1.12

1.75

1.48

0.65

0.59

clock (wall)

horloge

25

100

979

396

6.30

1.03

6.60

0.60

4.00

1.78

1.00

0.92

clothespin

épingle

21

67

  

6.95

0.22

7.00

0.00

5.95

1.54

1.55

0.83

cloud

nuage

25

100

949

269

1.85

2.08

3.55

2.93

1.30

0.73

0.05

0.22

clover

trèfle

24

46

  

6.85

0.49

7.00

0.00

1.55

1.00

0.55

0.69

coat rack

patère

16

31

  

5.20

1.28

5.60

1.23

4.30

2.23

1.05

0.69

cobblestone

brique

23

48

  

1.55

1.05

2.00

1.65

2.30

1.49

0.90

1.37

coffee machine

machine à café

22

55

  

2.50

1.32

3.45

1.39

4.85

2.11

2.75

2.17

coffee pot

cafetière

22

64

  

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

4.80

1.99

1.45

0.69

columns

statue

13

46

  

1.05

0.22

1.25

0.72

1.05

0.22

0.05

0.22

comb

peigne

24

100

1,034

409

6.95

0.22

7.00

0.00

6.75

0.55

1.10

0.31

compass

boussole

22

82

1,326

522

6.15

1.90

6.70

0.92

4.15

2.18

0.65

0.67

computer

ordinateur

25

92

959

281

3.75

1.48

4.40

1.64

6.25

1.21

3.85

2.25

computer mouse

souris

22

86

813

215

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

6.30

1.17

2.20

1.11

cork board

tableau

20

40

  

5.50

1.36

5.50

1.40

3.95

2.35

1.05

0.69

corkscrew

tire-bouchon

16

50

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

6.05

1.43

1.30

0.47

couch

sofa

25

68

917

290

2.05

1.05

3.75

1.52

5.40

1.90

2.65

1.73

cow

vache

25

100

888

319

1.30

0.57

2.20

1.61

3.25

2.34

2.25

1.94

crab

crabe

25

100

1,282

660

5.20

1.70

5.75

1.59

1.90

1.25

1.10

1.48

crate

boîte

22

77

1,444

512

3.35

1.63

4.20

1.58

2.20

1.54

1.00

0.92

crocodile

crocodile

24

67

  

1.70

0.92

2.70

1.87

1.95

1.47

1.50

2.12

cross

croix

25

96

900

168

3.15

1.76

3.75

2.15

2.35

2.06

0.50

1.00

crucifix

jésus

24

67

  

3.95

2.31

5.40

2.04

2.10

1.94

0.30

0.73

cup

tasse

25

80

882

421

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

6.45

1.00

1.30

0.57

curtain

rideau

21

95

1,172

630

5.65

1.31

5.75

1.25

4.30

2.00

1.30

0.80

dart board

dard

17

59

  

5.75

1.52

6.15

0.75

5.10

2.00

1.25

0.97

decorative branches

décoration

21

48

  

6.05

1.05

6.50

0.69

1.30

0.57

0.35

0.59

dental floss

soie dentaire

20

60

  

6.50

1.54

6.95

0.22

6.40

1.35

1.70

0.66

deodorant

déodorant

24

58

  

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

6.60

0.82

1.40

0.60

desk

bureau

25

80

1,164

460

1.50

1.40

2.35

1.14

3.10

1.80

2.05

1.47

diploma

diplôme

25

64

  

6.30

1.17

6.80

0.41

1.95

1.57

1.05

1.76

disco ball

boule disco

22

36

  

5.40

1.73

5.75

1.16

2.00

1.59

0.65

0.88

dog

chien

25

96

905

403

3.50

2.04

4.60

1.76

2.95

1.90

2.25

1.86

dog house

cabane à chien

22

27

  

2.85

1.66

3.85

1.23

2.45

1.85

0.95

1.10

door handle

poignée

23

74

1,115

413

5.55

2.14

6.45

1.05

6.60

0.88

1.05

0.51

door stop

doorstop

9

33

  

5.55

2.21

6.25

1.41

2.25

2.24

0.65

0.67

doors

porte

24

100

1,061

401

2.10

1.55

3.10

1.65

6.10

1.52

1.45

0.89

dormer

fenêtre

25

92

1,057

344

1.75

1.33

1.85

1.09

3.20

1.91

1.25

1.37

dragon fly

libellule

23

78

1,280

511

5.55

2.04

6.25

1.65

1.25

0.55

0.80

1.51

dream catcher

dreamcatcher

18

39

  

6.65

1.35

6.85

0.49

1.35

0.93

0.80

0.62

dresser

bureau

25

56

  

2.65

1.18

3.95

1.70

3.90

2.15

1.80

1.32

drill

drill

20

40

  

6.60

0.88

6.45

0.76

5.60

1.76

2.25

1.97

drill bit

vis

14

43

  

6.90

0.31

6.95

0.22

3.35

2.43

0.65

0.59

dromedary

chameau

24

79

  

1.15

0.37

2.40

1.88

1.80

1.79

1.75

1.94

dropper

compte-goutte

13

46

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

4.95

2.21

1.10

0.31

drying machine

laveuse

25

64

  

1.70

0.86

2.60

1.27

3.75

2.02

2.30

1.89

duck

canard

25

92

1,071

340

4.65

2.11

5.90

1.02

1.90

1.77

1.65

1.87

dust pan

porte-poussière

19

53

  

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.37

5.50

1.54

1.15

0.59

ear

oreille

25

100

739

131

3.60

2.58

4.55

2.61

3.95

2.46

1.55

1.00

elbow

coude

23

96

1,173

328

4.30

2.34

5.40

2.01

3.60

2.23

2.05

1.47

electric razor

rasoir

24

92

964

277

6.90

0.31

6.80

0.52

6.15

1.18

1.35

1.14

electrical outlet

plug

21

38

  

4.90

2.47

5.55

2.04

4.25

2.02

0.80

0.62

electricity meter

compteur

15

47

  

2.60

1.79

3.20

1.99

1.60

1.10

0.55

0.69

elephant

éléphant

24

100

753

147

1.00

0.00

1.35

0.81

2.00

1.75

1.35

2.18

envelope

enveloppe

24

92

814

208

6.85

0.49

6.95

0.22

5.40

1.64

1.60

0.88

erasor

efface

25

80

833

213

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

6.50

0.89

1.30

0.66

escalator

escalier

25

60

  

1.40

1.27

1.05

0.22

4.55

2.16

1.50

0.95

exercise machine

exercice

21

29

  

2.10

1.21

3.30

2.11

6.45

1.39

3.75

2.27

eye

œil

24

83

931

283

2.35

2.23

4.10

2.79

3.75

2.22

2.05

1.85

eye chart

lettres

14

43

  

4.90

2.05

6.30

0.98

2.90

1.89

0.65

0.67

eye patch

masque

21

29

  

6.80

0.52

6.90

0.31

4.70

2.05

0.90

0.55

fan blades

fan

24

46

  

5.85

1.39

6.25

0.97

2.90

1.80

0.70

0.73

faucet

robinet

19

63

  

4.80

2.28

5.50

1.64

6.35

0.88

1.50

0.69

feather

plume

24

92

866

291

6.90

0.31

6.95

0.22

2.65

1.46

0.90

0.79

fence

clôture

24

88

1,074

400

2.80

1.64

3.60

1.70

1.55

1.19

0.85

1.14

fence (chain link)

clôture

23

48

  

2.50

1.61

4.00

2.08

2.05

1.47

0.70

0.73

fence (wooden)

clôture

23

78

1,111

401

2.85

2.01

3.55

1.85

1.75

1.07

0.90

0.72

ferry

bateau

24

96

1,112

513

1.05

0.22

1.20

0.52

2.15

1.76

1.45

1.76

film negative

film

21

52

  

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

1.80

1.11

0.80

0.52

finger print

emprunte

24

67

  

3.80

2.73

4.40

2.84

2.05

1.85

0.45

0.60

fingernail

ongle

25

96

1,328

439

5.10

2.53

5.00

2.66

2.55

2.28

0.85

0.88

fir

sapin

25

72

878

250

2.70

1.56

3.60

1.70

1.75

1.16

1.00

0.97

fire

feu

22

91

998

338

1.25

0.55

1.70

1.45

3.85

2.13

1.60

2.04

fire alarm

alarme à feu

22

36

  

4.50

2.12

5.00

2.22

2.20

1.94

0.45

0.60

fire extinguisher

extincteur

20

70

  

5.80

1.32

5.90

1.29

5.00

1.89

1.40

0.94

fire hydrant

borne fontaine

17

47

  

1.85

0.99

2.50

1.43

2.75

1.83

0.55

0.60

fire place (indoor)

foyer

23

39

  

1.25

0.44

1.65

0.99

2.70

1.72

1.40

1.31

fire place (outdoor)

foyer

20

55

  

2.50

1.36

3.15

1.63

2.80

1.58

1.10

0.79

fish

poisson

24

83

882

262

5.30

1.89

6.05

1.19

2.65

2.25

1.65

1.57

fish skeleton

poisson

24

42

  

5.95

1.64

6.15

1.46

1.50

1.05

0.45

0.69

fishing hook

hameçon

18

56

  

6.65

0.93

6.75

0.79

3.50

2.09

0.85

0.59

flag

drapeau

25

92

1,027

230

2.85

2.03

3.85

1.73

2.10

1.83

0.60

0.82

flag (pirate)

drapeau

24

63

  

5.30

2.30

6.25

1.07

2.70

2.08

0.80

0.89

flashlight

lampe de poche

25

40

  

6.90

0.31

6.70

0.73

5.95

1.36

1.65

0.75

flask

flasque

15

60

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

5.55

1.90

1.30

0.57

floor tile

tuile

24

29

  

2.60

2.01

3.80

2.17

1.45

0.60

0.65

0.67

flower

fleur

25

72

1,159

540

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

2.95

2.16

1.05

0.83

flower pot

pot

25

52

  

6.50

1.19

6.65

0.67

2.65

1.84

1.35

1.53

foot

pied

23

100

800

160

4.65

2.32

5.80

1.94

4.25

2.40

2.95

2.16

fork

fourchette

25

100

891

356

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.35

1.60

1.00

0.46

fountain (park)

fontaine

24

96

1,013

330

1.20

0.41

1.15

0.37

1.45

1.00

0.80

0.83

fox

renard

24

83

1,143

422

2.85

1.95

3.70

1.63

1.25

0.79

1.35

2.18

freezer

congélateur

23

48

  

1.90

1.07

2.85

1.39

4.40

1.88

1.50

0.89

fridge

frigidaire

25

64

  

2.05

1.47

2.70

1.26

5.40

1.05

2.30

1.59

frying pan

poêle

23

52

  

6.75

0.72

6.80

0.41

6.20

0.89

1.60

0.82

fuse

fusible

8

38

  

6.00

1.45

6.65

0.99

2.60

2.19

0.75

0.55

garden gnome

nain

22

27

  

6.00

1.08

6.30

0.80

1.40

0.75

0.10

0.31

garlic

ail

23

52

  

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

3.35

2.32

1.35

0.81

gate

clotûre

21

33

  

1.40

0.82

2.45

1.79

3.60

1.88

1.15

0.75

gazebo

gazebo

13

38

  

1.10

0.45

1.60

0.99

1.55

0.83

0.50

0.69

gear shift

shifter

12

33

  

4.70

2.32

5.55

1.85

5.70

1.34

1.80

1.51

gift

cadeau

24

92

824

186

6.75

0.55

6.85

0.49

4.80

1.96

1.55

0.89

giraffe

girafe

25

100

857

310

1.35

1.35

1.85

1.57

1.80

1.51

1.25

2.15

giraffe figurine

girafe

25

80

1,310

433

5.55

1.79

6.20

1.06

1.25

0.72

0.30

0.47

glass

verre

25

56

  

6.85

0.49

6.95

0.22

6.15

1.63

1.55

1.19

glass mop

moppe

22

55

  

6.95

0.22

6.70

0.66

5.85

1.50

1.50

0.95

glasses

lunettes

24

100

828

219

6.90

0.45

6.95

0.22

6.40

0.68

1.60

0.94

globe

globe

25

52

  

6.65

0.59

6.50

0.69

4.00

1.45

1.35

0.93

gluestick

colle

24

79

1,116

283

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

6.00

1.21

1.35

0.75

gold nugget

or

20

45

  

5.85

1.53

5.60

1.47

1.15

0.67

0.85

1.50

gong

gong

17

41

  

3.00

1.52

3.70

1.38

4.95

2.04

1.05

0.39

gorilla

singe

25

48

  

2.50

1.73

2.30

1.56

2.60

2.16

1.55

2.28

grapes

raisin

24

88

1,074

495

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

4.90

2.25

1.60

1.23

grater

râpe à fromage

20

35

  

6.80

0.70

6.75

0.55

6.15

0.93

1.60

1.14

grill

grille

20

95

1,248

385

6.05

1.47

6.60

0.75

2.00

1.12

0.80

0.95

guitar

guitare

25

100

851

309

6.35

0.81

6.25

0.79

6.70

0.80

2.00

1.41

gutter

goutière

15

33

  

2.95

1.36

3.35

1.73

1.35

0.75

0.30

0.47

hair dryer

séchoir

23

74

936

288

6.70

0.73

6.75

0.64

6.15

1.46

1.45

0.60

hair pin

bobépine

19

63

  

6.80

0.62

6.90

0.45

5.30

2.25

1.75

1.25

hammer

marteau

23

100

990

474

6.85

0.49

6.55

0.76

6.85

0.49

1.65

0.81

hand

main

24

100

797

179

4.70

2.32

5.80

2.21

5.15

2.28

4.60

2.06

hand vacuum

balayeuse

19

42

  

6.80

0.52

6.60

0.60

5.00

1.89

1.40

0.82

handbag

sac

25

52

  

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.37

6.25

1.07

1.25

0.72

handrail

rampe

20

55

  

1.85

1.14

2.40

1.64

3.40

1.93

1.15

1.04

hangar

garage

20

50

  

1.10

0.31

1.30

0.57

1.55

1.15

1.65

1.66

hanger

support

20

40

  

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.45

5.70

1.56

1.25

0.79

hat

chapeau

25

100

867

274

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.20

1.20

1.30

0.57

headlight

lumière

23

78

1,199

352

3.95

2.39

4.55

2.48

1.95

1.50

0.65

1.04

headphones

écouteurs

24

88

980

281

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

6.15

1.23

1.45

0.69

heat pump

ventilateur

13

23

  

3.20

1.58

3.50

1.64

1.65

1.23

0.60

0.60

hinge

penture

9

56

  

6.10

1.65

6.75

0.64

1.60

0.88

0.80

0.62

hole punch

perce-trou

14

29

  

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

5.60

1.85

1.20

0.52

honey comb

miel

21

67

  

5.20

1.82

5.40

1.96

1.45

1.15

0.90

1.33

hook

crochet

22

55

  

6.75

0.91

6.70

0.57

4.15

2.21

0.90

0.64

horse

cheval

25

100

785

334

1.40

0.60

2.50

1.99

3.65

2.35

2.35

2.01

house number

numéro

21

29

  

4.70

2.49

5.80

1.64

1.20

0.52

0.15

0.37

hubcap

rim

17

24

  

5.00

1.89

5.65

0.93

1.55

1.00

0.70

0.57

hula hoop

cerceau

23

91

938

456

6.55

1.39

6.75

0.55

6.05

1.10

2.00

1.41

icecube

glace

24

75

1,381

482

6.45

1.47

6.85

0.37

2.70

1.89

1.05

0.83

inukshuk

roche

17

41

  

1.45

1.00

2.20

1.44

1.30

1.13

0.30

0.57

iron

fer à repasser

21

71

  

6.70

0.66

6.60

0.68

6.15

1.04

1.70

1.22

ironing board

planche à repasser

20

45

  

5.65

1.39

5.80

1.01

5.55

1.64

1.35

0.88

jack-o-lantern

citrouille

25

100

895

355

6.05

0.83

6.20

0.77

2.20

1.79

2.00

1.59

jar

pot

23

43

  

6.90

0.45

6.85

0.37

4.65

1.95

1.75

1.59

jet ski

seadoo

20

75

  

1.65

0.88

2.40

1.60

4.70

2.11

1.75

1.29

jug of gas

gaz

19

16

  

5.65

1.57

5.75

1.07

4.25

2.22

1.35

0.75

kettle

bouilloire

21

76

  

6.85

0.37

6.65

0.59

5.25

1.59

1.30

0.47

key

clé

23

100

679

139

6.85

0.49

6.95

0.22

6.70

0.80

1.20

0.52

key hook

crochet

19

53

  

5.80

1.82

6.25

1.07

3.80

2.07

1.15

1.27

keyhole

serrure

21

86

1,325

618

3.70

2.13

5.35

2.37

5.30

2.13

0.75

0.44

kiddie pool

piscine

24

79

1,015

285

3.70

2.11

5.10

1.41

4.85

2.03

1.35

0.93

killer whale

baleine

23

65

  

1.25

0.55

1.40

0.68

1.40

0.99

1.45

1.93

kitchen scale

balance

20

40

  

6.20

0.70

6.65

0.67

4.00

1.59

1.10

0.55

kite

cerf-volant

25

96

1,036

464

6.35

1.14

6.65

0.59

4.75

1.68

1.05

0.51

knee

genou

22

95

1,107

418

3.70

2.41

5.05

2.11

3.85

2.21

2.20

1.82

knife (cooking)

couteau

24

100

802

217

6.55

1.39

6.80

0.52

6.75

0.55

1.50

0.83

knife (table)

couteau

24

96

895

267

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

6.55

0.76

1.45

0.94

ladder

échelle

24

83

879

325

3.95

1.79

4.60

1.39

6.10

0.97

1.55

0.83

ladybug

coccinelle

24

83

938

282

5.80

1.96

6.80

0.52

1.55

1.28

0.90

1.83

lamp

lampe

22

77

1,069

377

6.65

0.49

6.35

0.99

4.05

1.73

1.20

0.52

lamp (floor)

lampe

24

63

  

5.50

1.50

5.70

0.98

3.65

1.76

1.25

0.85

lamp post1

lampadaire

22

45

  

1.85

1.09

2.30

1.22

1.35

0.59

0.65

0.75

lamp post2

lumière

25

52

  

2.65

1.87

2.85

1.69

1.45

0.76

0.50

0.76

lantern

lumière

22

45

  

6.15

1.35

6.25

0.85

3.90

1.55

1.15

0.59

laptop

ordinateur

24

42

  

6.35

1.23

6.30

0.80

6.40

0.88

3.55

2.21

laundry rack

sèche-linge

13

23

  

4.95

2.04

5.60

1.05

3.45

2.06

1.20

0.77

leaf

feuille

22

100

1,018

446

6.80

0.52

6.95

0.22

1.70

1.26

0.40

0.60

lectern

micro

20

80

  

4.10

1.62

4.35

1.46

4.20

1.70

1.40

1.31

leg

jambe

24

92

995

288

3.60

2.23

5.25

2.10

4.10

2.51

3.10

2.20

lemon

citron

25

96

894

330

6.85

0.49

6.95

0.22

3.90

2.53

1.60

0.75

level

niveau

17

53

  

6.60

0.82

6.65

0.67

4.30

2.03

1.35

1.35

license plate

plaque

25

60

  

5.60

2.04

6.55

0.94

1.40

0.94

0.40

0.60

life saver

bouée

20

70

  

6.45

0.51

6.25

0.97

4.10

1.86

1.45

0.94

light bulb

ampoule

24

46

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

4.35

2.43

0.95

0.60

light switch

lumière

17

41

  

4.95

2.54

5.65

2.18

6.00

1.72

1.35

0.49

lighter

lighter

22

64

  

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

6.20

0.89

1.20

0.70

lighthouse

phare

21

67

  

1.30

1.34

1.00

0.00

1.40

0.60

0.75

0.79

lily pad

feuille

22

68

  

6.75

0.55

6.90

0.31

1.30

0.80

0.60

0.94

lint brush

brosse

18

78

  

6.65

1.35

6.95

0.22

5.40

1.57

1.50

1.24

lion

lion

23

100

864

311

1.30

0.57

2.20

1.67

1.60

1.39

1.55

2.16

lips

lèvres

24

79

897

344

2.95

2.24

4.05

2.74

5.00

2.18

2.85

1.57

lipstick

rouge à lèvre

25

80

1,180

520

6.90

0.31

6.95

0.22

6.45

1.23

1.35

0.67

lock

cadenas

25

88

830

191

6.95

0.22

6.80

0.52

5.00

1.65

1.50

0.76

locker

casier

23

78

1,032

403

2.70

1.98

3.30

1.78

4.80

1.82

1.55

0.94

log

bûche

24

46

  

5.90

1.33

5.80

1.28

1.95

1.36

1.70

1.72

magnifyingglass

loupe

19

100

1,135

477

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.30

1.22

1.20

0.52

mailbox (house)

boîte aux lettres

23

39

  

5.30

1.63

5.20

1.96

4.45

1.90

1.20

0.89

mailbox (postal)

boîte à malle

23

43

  

2.40

1.35

2.70

1.42

4.70

2.05

1.20

0.83

manhole cover

bouche d'égout

20

35

  

2.75

1.59

3.35

1.66

1.95

1.76

0.40

0.60

match

allumette

23

96

985

248

6.85

0.67

6.95

0.22

5.90

1.07

1.20

0.62

measuring cup

tasse à mesurer

24

50

  

6.95

0.22

6.70

0.57

5.35

1.93

1.50

0.61

measuring tape

tape à mesurer

20

55

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

5.95

1.43

1.55

0.94

microphone

micro

23

83

784

179

6.35

1.27

6.45

0.69

5.70

1.56

1.40

0.82

mirror

miroir

23

100

848

201

4.65

1.46

5.10

1.41

4.50

2.19

1.15

0.67

mirror (car)

miroir

24

75

1,193

451

4.75

2.45

5.75

1.52

3.00

2.10

0.90

0.55

mirror (rearview)

miroir

22

77

1,414

402

5.75

1.62

6.30

1.13

3.80

1.88

1.10

0.85

missile

fusée

18

72

  

3.75

2.57

3.95

2.39

1.75

1.29

0.55

0.83

mitten

mitaine

25

84

1,015

438

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

5.60

1.79

1.30

0.66

mixer

malaxeur

24

42

  

6.85

0.49

6.70

0.57

5.60

1.19

1.50

1.24

monument

statue

13

31

  

1.30

0.57

1.40

0.60

1.25

0.91

0.30

0.57

moon

lune

18

72

  

1.90

2.20

2.10

2.29

1.95

1.85

0.25

0.72

mouse

souris

24

88

903

244

5.80

1.70

6.20

1.47

2.30

1.84

1.45

1.76

mummy

momie

20

85

1,457

378

2.10

1.41

2.55

0.89

1.25

0.64

0.10

0.31

mushroom

champignon

25

96

846

333

6.90

0.31

7.00

0.00

3.90

2.61

1.25

0.85

music sheet

musique

23

35

  

6.65

0.93

6.95

0.22

3.20

2.04

1.00

1.38

music stand

lutrin

12

42

  

6.30

0.98

5.80

0.83

3.50

2.06

1.40

1.47

nail

clou

22

95

978

244

6.80

0.62

6.80

0.70

4.75

2.24

1.40

1.31

nail clipper

coupe-ongle

18

78

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

6.40

0.82

1.30

0.47

nest

nid

20

75

  

6.40

0.75

6.50

0.83

1.95

1.73

0.45

0.60

night stand

bureau

23

35

  

3.95

1.54

5.05

1.47

3.80

1.88

1.30

0.80

nose

nez

23

100

931

208

3.10

2.43

3.60

2.68

5.10

2.29

1.75

1.25

onion

ognion

24

100

865

243

6.65

1.35

6.90

0.31

4.00

2.34

1.80

1.20

orange

orange

25

96

752

196

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

4.65

2.41

1.65

1.23

outdoor heater

lumière

11

27

  

3.35

1.57

4.30

1.66

2.65

1.69

0.75

0.85

pacifier

suce

21

90

1,002

333

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

5.35

1.93

1.25

0.55

paint brush

pinceau

25

84

942

348

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

6.40

1.43

1.35

0.59

paint can

peinture

24

83

945

289

6.00

1.38

6.25

0.79

5.55

1.64

1.55

0.83

painting

peinture

25

36

  

5.45

1.28

5.95

0.83

1.90

1.59

0.45

0.51

pants

jeans

22

77

922

317

6.85

0.37

6.80

0.52

5.60

1.67

1.70

0.92

paper airplane

avion

23

57

  

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

5.50

1.50

1.35

0.75

paper clip1

pince

20

40

  

6.95

0.22

7.00

0.00

5.55

1.93

1.40

0.50

paper clip2

trombone

24

63

  

6.90

0.45

6.95

0.22

5.20

1.58

1.80

1.20

parachute

parachute

19

84

  

3.90

2.17

5.40

1.57

3.80

2.02

0.95

0.51

parking gate

barrière

14

71

  

1.95

1.43

2.75

1.59

2.70

1.98

0.70

0.86

parrot

perroquet

24

71

1,130

458

4.45

1.96

6.05

0.94

1.90

1.48

1.50

1.82

peeler

éplucheur

18

17

  

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

6.20

1.47

1.05

0.22

pen

plume

25

44

  

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

1.70

1.22

pencil

crayon

25

96

791

243

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.37

1.90

1.12

pencil sharpener

aiguisoire

24

75

1,179

350

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.45

5.95

1.43

1.30

0.80

pepper

piment

23

91

1,123

332

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

4.15

2.18

1.65

1.35

pepper mill

poivrière

23

39

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

5.85

1.50

1.35

0.59

perfume

parfum

25

84

1,222

404

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.37

5.55

1.79

1.15

0.37

phone booth

téléphone

23

52

  

1.90

1.59

1.80

1.01

5.30

1.38

1.95

1.67

phone jack

plug

16

25

  

4.65

2.39

5.20

2.33

2.65

2.03

0.80

0.62

piano

piano

25

92

792

177

1.55

0.60

2.85

1.84

6.40

1.43

2.35

2.16

picture frame

cadre

24

83

1,185

364

6.85

0.49

6.75

0.55

2.15

1.35

0.75

0.44

pill

pillule

23

96

1,204

340

6.75

0.64

7.00

0.00

4.85

1.84

1.35

0.81

pillar

poteau

16

69

  

2.40

1.43

2.95

1.88

1.10

0.31

0.40

0.60

pillow

oreiller

24

71

965

504

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

5.70

1.53

1.30

0.86

pine cone

cocotte

19

47

  

6.55

1.36

7.00

0.00

1.45

0.94

0.50

0.69

pineapple

ananas

25

88

955

335

6.45

1.36

6.60

0.60

3.50

2.33

1.55

1.23

ping-pong table

table de ping-pong

25

44

  

2.05

0.83

4.00

1.56

4.75

2.27

1.45

1.23

pipe

tuyau

20

60

  

5.30

1.92

5.65

1.81

1.45

0.69

1.00

1.41

pitcher

pitcher

16

38

  

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.37

5.75

1.77

1.60

0.82

plane

avion

20

90

1,014

305

1.00

0.00

1.55

1.57

3.50

2.46

1.45

1.73

plant

plante

24

96

1,003

341

6.25

1.41

6.15

0.81

2.05

1.64

0.90

1.12

plaque

pierre tombale

18

44

  

1.70

0.92

2.30

1.13

1.40

0.82

0.20

0.52

pliers

pince

24

83

1,273

514

6.90

0.31

6.75

0.64

6.05

1.05

1.45

0.83

pliers (needle nose)

pince

24

92

1,125

412

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

6.50

0.69

1.65

1.46

plunger

plunger

18

61

  

6.95

0.22

6.60

0.75

6.40

0.82

1.10

0.55

podium

podium

18

89

  

3.40

1.88

4.05

1.76

2.25

1.86

0.80

0.77

police tape

ruban

16

31

  

6.35

1.57

6.30

1.53

2.05

1.57

0.80

0.70

pool table

table de pool

24

33

  

1.90

0.79

2.75

0.97

5.45

1.88

1.50

1.00

port-a-potty

toilette

25

60

  

2.00

1.26

2.35

1.46

5.00

1.75

1.40

0.82

pot

chaudron

21

48

  

6.90

0.31

6.85

0.37

5.55

1.61

1.70

0.73

power line

poteau

21

38

  

1.15

0.37

1.45

1.00

1.30

0.73

0.35

1.35

printer

imprimante

25

84

1,027

216

5.60

1.27

5.65

1.14

3.55

1.90

2.10

1.80

projector screen

écran

16

38

  

4.30

1.78

4.95

1.28

3.65

2.03

1.15

0.67

propane tank

bonbonne

21

29

  

3.70

1.56

4.60

1.70

2.55

1.36

0.95

0.76

punching bag

punching bag

20

70

  

3.20

1.44

4.10

1.29

6.40

1.05

2.00

1.59

puzzle

casse-tête

23

52

  

5.10

2.29

5.55

1.85

3.30

2.34

1.15

1.31

pylon

cône

23

96

1,114

493

6.85

0.37

6.65

0.59

2.40

1.79

0.90

0.72

q-tip

q-tip

23

74

1,633

668

6.85

0.67

6.95

0.22

6.30

1.17

1.65

1.04

rabbit

lapin

24

92

707

168

4.90

2.10

5.65

1.23

2.20

1.54

1.85

2.08

radiator

calorifère

21

52

  

2.00

1.17

2.75

1.33

1.65

1.42

0.65

0.75

rake (bow)

râteau

23

91

1,104

318

6.85

0.37

6.55

0.83

6.55

0.83

1.45

0.76

rake (hand)

râteau

17

59

  

6.85

0.67

6.60

1.19

5.25

2.02

1.20

0.62

razor

rasoir

25

100

1,048

348

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.55

0.83

1.15

0.49

recorder

flûte

25

92

926

240

6.90

0.31

6.95

0.22

6.30

1.45

1.30

0.47

recycling bin

bac à recyclage

25

36

  

6.60

0.82

6.55

0.60

3.35

2.18

0.90

0.79

reflector

lumière

18

44

  

6.00

1.56

6.85

0.37

1.55

1.15

0.50

0.61

remote control

manette

23

39

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.70

0.80

2.50

2.12

ring

bague

23

83

1,384

512

6.90

0.45

6.95

0.22

5.25

1.97

1.45

1.23

road

route

24

54

  

1.40

1.39

1.30

1.34

2.05

1.54

1.35

1.76

rollercoaster

rollercoaster

17

41

  

1.20

0.41

1.25

0.55

2.70

2.05

0.55

0.51

rolling pin

rouleau

21

43

  

6.90

0.31

6.75

0.44

6.35

1.42

1.30

0.57

rooster

coq

24

75

1,211

488

4.80

1.70

5.65

1.18

2.10

1.68

1.40

1.93

rubber band

élastique

25

100

912

386

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

4.95

1.93

2.55

1.76

rug1

tapis

25

88

928

251

6.55

1.36

6.60

0.68

3.10

2.15

0.90

0.91

rug2

tapis

25

100

963

306

6.55

0.83

6.45

1.00

3.60

2.33

1.00

0.97

ruins

ruines

12

50

  

1.05

0.22

1.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

0.25

0.55

ruler

règle

23

100

914

260

6.95

0.22

7.00

0.00

5.60

1.23

1.45

1.00

safe

coffre-fort

22

55

  

2.80

1.15

3.30

1.08

4.25

1.92

1.70

1.45

safety pin

épingle

22

77

1,358

310

6.60

0.88

6.90

0.31

4.55

1.96

2.05

1.61

salt shaker

sel

25

52

  

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

6.45

0.89

1.50

0.61

sand

sable

19

58

  

5.45

2.19

6.45

1.05

1.80

1.58

1.25

1.45

sand bag throw game

jeu de poches

20

50

  

5.30

1.69

5.80

0.89

3.80

2.40

1.05

0.69

sand castle

château

23

48

  

2.70

1.89

2.85

2.21

1.70

1.45

0.90

0.79

satellite dish

satellite

21

81

1,490

506

2.05

1.50

2.60

1.35

1.15

0.37

1.05

1.54

saw

scie

22

91

904

275

6.45

1.23

6.30

0.80

6.80

0.70

1.25

0.55

scale

balance

23

57

  

6.25

0.79

6.30

0.92

5.05

1.79

1.05

0.39

scissors

ciseaux

24

100

825

178

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

6.85

0.49

1.35

0.81

scotch tape

tape

24

25

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

5.95

1.54

1.45

0.51

screw

vis

21

95

1,053

339

6.80

0.62

6.90

0.31

4.45

2.33

1.35

1.35

screwdriver

tournevis

23

91

1,085

392

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

6.25

1.33

1.35

0.49

seashell

coquillage

22

91

1,154

332

6.75

0.72

6.55

0.83

2.75

1.80

0.80

0.70

security camera

caméra

24

71

1,514

422

3.60

2.14

4.60

2.23

1.60

1.05

0.25

0.55

shed

cabanon

21

43

  

1.40

0.60

1.90

0.91

3.40

1.98

1.50

1.00

shelf

tablette

22

36

  

4.75

2.40

5.50

1.73

3.60

2.26

1.10

0.85

shelves

étagère

23

100

1,242

344

3.40

1.35

4.40

1.73

3.15

2.11

0.95

0.69

shield

bouclier

14

57

  

4.65

1.87

5.50

1.15

2.05

1.47

0.85

0.67

ship in a bottle

bouteille

23

74

1,295

538

6.75

0.44

6.45

0.89

1.90

1.71

0.85

0.81

shoe (high heel)

soulier

24

71

861

248

6.75

0.72

6.90

0.31

6.05

1.23

1.55

0.83

shoe (running)

soulier

21

57

  

6.95

0.22

6.80

0.41

6.10

0.85

1.90

1.02

shoe (wooden)

sabot

12

42

  

6.55

0.76

6.50

0.76

3.50

2.19

1.05

0.60

shoulder

épaule

22

82

1,291

398

3.20

2.26

4.75

2.40

3.80

2.04

2.40

2.35

shovel

pelle

24

96

1,020

490

6.60

0.88

6.10

1.41

6.65

0.59

1.85

1.27

shower head

douche

24

42

  

5.05

1.96

4.90

2.29

4.80

1.96

1.00

0.56

shutters

fenêtre

16

81

  

2.70

1.53

3.60

1.79

3.55

1.79

0.95

0.60

sign (crossing)

pancarte

23

26

  

2.90

1.86

4.45

2.24

1.85

1.23

0.35

0.59

sign (do not enter)

pancarte

22

18

  

4.80

2.24

5.80

1.77

1.80

1.47

0.25

0.44

sign (do not walk)

arrêt

17

29

  

2.60

1.60

3.20

1.96

2.90

2.34

0.50

0.51

sign (exit)

sortie

19

42

  

4.00

2.20

4.90

2.45

2.00

1.49

0.30

0.47

sign (men washroom)

homme

25

28

  

4.75

2.36

6.20

1.58

2.20

2.02

0.40

0.68

sign (no parking)

pancarte

24

29

  

4.90

2.17

5.70

1.92

2.05

1.73

0.35

0.59

sign (no smoking)

pancarte

25

24

  

4.85

2.13

5.80

1.88

2.70

2.08

0.25

0.44

sign (one way)

flèche

24

46

  

4.35

2.48

5.30

2.13

2.20

1.61

0.40

0.50

sign (price)

prix

23

74

1,412

371

5.65

1.93

5.90

1.86

1.65

1.39

0.45

0.76

sign (railway crossing)

train

18

33

  

1.75

1.45

1.95

1.10

1.90

1.68

0.30

0.47

sign (women washroom)

femme

22

27

  

4.75

2.59

5.55

2.19

2.20

1.91

0.45

0.60

skeleton

squelette

25

92

917

376

4.10

1.89

5.10

1.41

1.85

1.66

1.70

1.72

skull (buffalo)

crâne

18

39

  

4.90

1.45

5.65

0.93

1.25

0.72

0.50

0.69

skull (human)

crâne

24

75

1,171

504

5.55

1.67

6.10

0.91

1.40

0.88

0.90

1.45

skunk

moufette

22

100

1,077

452

3.80

2.28

4.35

2.16

1.55

1.32

1.00

1.84

slushie machine

slush

23

52

  

2.60

1.10

3.20

1.36

5.00

1.65

1.85

1.18

smoke detector

alarme à feu

21

52

  

5.55

2.09

5.60

1.79

2.70

1.92

0.75

0.79

snake

serpent

25

92

873

236

3.85

2.13

3.95

2.48

1.80

1.51

1.25

1.86

snow blower

souffleuse

18

67

  

2.35

1.39

4.55

1.82

4.75

2.02

1.60

1.27

snowman

bonhomme de neige

24

67

  

2.60

1.54

3.55

1.67

2.00

1.56

0.90

0.85

soap

savon

25

96

1,044

396

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

6.10

1.48

1.20

0.41

soap dispenser

savon

24

92

1,143

299

6.60

1.35

6.85

0.37

6.25

0.91

1.50

0.51

soccer ball

ballon

25

56

  

6.90

0.31

6.85

0.37

6.60

0.75

2.30

1.53

space rocket

fusée

25

92

1,242

310

1.05

0.22

1.55

1.32

1.90

1.68

0.80

1.47

spatula1

spatule

20

95

1,032

312

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

6.30

0.80

1.15

0.67

spatula2

spatule

18

89

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

5.65

1.76

1.20

0.70

speaker

speaker

21

71

  

5.60

1.64

5.65

0.99

2.30

1.56

0.75

0.64

speaker (ceiling)

speaker

20

65

  

4.40

2.30

6.00

1.65

1.95

1.54

0.30

0.57

spider

araignée

24

100

863

384

5.55

2.04

6.40

1.43

1.85

1.63

1.05

1.54

spider (tarantula)

araignée

24

75

917

237

4.95

2.21

5.10

2.43

1.70

1.13

0.90

1.83

spider web

toile d'araignée

24

50

  

4.30

2.25

5.25

2.29

1.45

0.94

0.50

0.61

sponge

éponge

22

91

1,076

338

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

4.80

2.26

1.65

1.18

spoon

cuillère

24

100

908

239

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

6.65

0.81

1.35

0.67

spot light

lumière

22

59

  

4.70

1.89

4.95

1.73

2.55

1.70

1.05

0.83

spray bottle

bouteille

19

42

  

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

5.60

1.85

1.55

1.19

sprinkler

gicleur

12

42

  

4.45

2.16

4.80

2.38

1.95

1.36

0.55

0.60

stairs

escalier

25

100

937

358

1.70

1.56

2.05

1.70

5.35

1.79

1.65

1.35

stanchion

barrière

7

29

  

4.20

1.79

5.30

1.17

2.35

1.50

0.70

0.66

stapler

agrapheuse

24

54

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.60

0.75

1.15

0.37

staples

agraphes

23

74

1,185

317

6.80

0.52

6.95

0.22

4.05

2.37

0.90

0.64

starfish

étoile de mer

23

52

  

5.30

2.27

6.50

1.00

1.50

1.10

0.65

0.75

statue

statue

23

100

1,091

313

1.20

0.52

1.45

0.83

1.20

0.41

0.45

1.00

statue (angel)

statue

25

84

1,234

463

2.35

1.79

3.70

1.92

1.50

1.28

0.20

0.41

statue (Buddha)

boudha

19

58

  

5.05

1.73

5.90

1.41

1.40

1.10

0.35

0.49

statue (Jesus)

jésus

22

50

  

1.50

0.83

1.95

1.00

1.80

1.77

0.30

0.57

statue (lion)

statue

21

71

  

1.35

0.81

1.65

0.88

1.05

0.22

0.20

0.52

statuette

statue

21

81

1,257

442

4.00

1.89

4.65

1.93

1.05

0.22

0.30

0.47

steeple

église

17

29

  

1.05

0.22

1.05

0.22

1.05

0.22

0.35

0.93

steering wheel

volant

22

73

  

5.60

1.96

5.75

1.55

6.15

1.39

2.45

1.73

stove

fourneau

21

38

  

1.80

0.95

3.05

1.57

5.20

1.61

2.95

1.88

stovetop

rond de poêle

22

41

  

4.15

2.50

4.80

2.42

3.15

1.73

1.00

0.65

strainer

passoire

20

30

  

6.90

0.31

6.95

0.22

4.90

1.86

1.45

1.28

strawberry

fraise

25

96

883

238

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

4.80

2.35

1.50

1.19

studio light

lumière

23

65

  

5.75

1.37

5.35

1.04

3.75

1.65

1.75

1.71

sunflower

tournesol

24

50

  

6.65

0.49

6.30

1.03

1.70

1.34

1.30

1.45

sunglasses

lunettes

25

60

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.50

0.89

1.40

0.75

syringe

seringue

25

68

1,003

388

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.49

6.30

0.98

1.65

0.67

table

table

23

100

840

201

3.90

1.80

4.60

1.39

2.60

1.70

1.70

1.34

table saw

scie

16

69

  

2.95

1.32

4.65

1.50

3.35

2.11

2.15

2.13

taillight

lumière

22

77

1,102

261

3.95

2.31

4.25

2.40

2.40

2.28

0.65

0.59

tambourine

tambourine

17

47

  

6.65

0.93

6.75

0.44

5.90

1.37

1.50

0.76

tank

tank

21

76

  

1.00

0.00

1.45

1.36

3.15

2.06

1.75

2.27

tape

tape

25

44

  

6.90

0.31

6.90

0.31

5.70

1.22

1.65

1.27

taxi sign

taxi

21

95

1,208

545

4.35

2.39

5.60

1.79

2.15

1.50

0.35

0.59

tea bag

thé

25

72

1,310

477

6.40

1.70

6.90

0.31

5.65

1.46

1.10

0.55

teapot

théière

23

83

1,283

463

6.90

0.31

6.60

0.68

5.35

2.06

1.55

0.60

teddy bear

toutou

22

50

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

3.55

1.82

1.05

0.94

telephone

téléphone

25

96

809

205

6.95

0.22

6.90

0.31

6.80

0.41

1.55

0.60

television

télévision

25

52

  

4.75

1.29

4.90

1.21

5.15

1.93

2.10

1.92

tent

tente

24

96

1,102

445

2.65

1.76

4.00

1.56

3.25

1.77

1.70

0.92

thermometer

thermomètre

23

91

1,318

465

6.50

1.43

6.65

0.93

2.45

1.47

0.45

0.51

thimble

dé à coudre

14

36

  

7.00

0.00

6.95

0.22

3.55

2.26

0.85

0.49

thumbtack

punaise

19

47

  

6.75

0.64

6.85

0.49

5.80

1.44

1.15

0.37

tire

pneu

23

48

  

5.75

1.21

5.80

1.01

2.20

1.28

1.25

0.79

tissue box

kleenex

25

48

  

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

6.70

0.57

1.85

0.75

toaster

toaster

25

64

  

6.45

0.76

6.35

0.81

5.45

1.57

1.55

0.94

toilet paper

papier de toilette

25

68

1,183

436

6.95

0.22

7.00

0.00

6.45

1.19

2.10

1.83

tombstone

tombe

22

41

  

1.85

1.14

2.55

1.93

1.25

0.64

0.25

0.44

tongs

pince

23

87

1,502

711

7.00

0.00

6.85

0.37

5.95

1.47

1.10

0.45

toothbrush

brosse à dents

25

96

892

206

7.00

0.00

7.00

0.00

6.70

0.92

1.30

0.66

toothpick

cure-dents

25

68

1,281

438

6.80

0.89

6.90

0.45

5.75

1.52

1.35

0.75

totem pole

totem

20

55

  

1.90

1.17

2.55

1.61

1.30

0.66

0.25

0.44

towel

serviette

24

67

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

5.60

1.60

1.70

0.86

towel rack

barre

8

38

  

5.05

1.79

5.75

1.65

3.05

1.96

0.80

0.62

tower

tour

19

74

  

1.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

1.20

0.62

0.45

0.89

tower (castle)

tour

22

59

  

1.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

1.40

0.94

0.60

1.39

tower (Eiffel)

tour eiffel

24

83

1,054

238

1.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

1.20

0.70

0.65

1.04

traffic light

lumière

24

58

  

2.30

1.66

3.50

2.06

3.10

2.29

0.65

1.35

trailer

trailer

23

78

1,446

506

1.40

0.68

2.90

1.86

2.40

1.60

1.30

0.86

trailer (box)

trailer

20

70

  

1.10

0.31

1.95

0.89

2.40

1.57

1.65

1.79

trailer hitch

boule

12

42

  

4.30

1.78

4.90

1.83

2.35

1.63

0.65

0.59

train

train

21

81

1,160

325

1.00

0.00

1.55

1.32

2.55

2.11

1.65

1.98

trampoline

trampoline

23

100

905

268

3.85

2.03

5.10

1.17

6.15

1.46

1.35

0.99

tree

arbre

24

100

921

324

1.25

0.44

1.45

0.94

2.05

1.67

1.15

1.93

tree stump

tronc d'arbre

22

41

  

2.80

1.91

2.80

1.61

1.75

1.59

0.75

0.85

tree trunk

arbre

24

50

  

2.60

2.11

3.25

2.02

1.25

0.72

1.70

2.13

trophy

trophée

23

96

1,010

281

6.40

0.75

5.90

1.52

3.10

2.07

0.55

0.69

truck

camion

25

80

1,012

307

1.00

0.00

1.65

1.35

3.75

2.17

1.90

2.10

tupperware

plat

24

29

  

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

4.65

2.06

1.25

0.64

turnstile

tourniquet

3

67

  

1.95

1.19

2.85

1.31

3.50

1.93

0.95

0.51

turtle

tortue

21

100

795

197

3.90

1.71

4.70

1.56

1.35

0.81

1.15

1.90

tweezers

tweezers

23

39

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

6.60

0.68

1.55

1.19

umbrella

parapluie

23

96

1,107

336

6.95

0.22

6.85

0.37

6.45

0.83

1.65

0.81

umbrella (beach)

parapluie

24

67

  

6.25

1.07

6.15

1.14

4.90

2.00

1.40

0.94

urinal

urinoir

19

84

  

2.85

1.98

3.15

1.35

4.75

2.22

0.75

0.55

vase

vase

23

91

1,284

433

6.50

0.95

6.30

0.92

2.60

1.76

1.65

1.66

venetian blinds

store

20

45

  

4.50

1.82

5.85

1.04

5.30

1.38

1.75

0.97

ventilation duct

grille

17

35

  

3.85

2.37

4.75

2.20

1.05

0.22

0.55

0.60

waffle maker

gaufrier

17

29

  

5.40

1.50

5.75

0.91

4.20

2.26

1.25

0.85

wallet

portefeuille

22

68

  

6.90

0.45

6.85

0.37

4.20

2.07

1.25

0.79

walnut

noix

20

65

  

6.80

0.52

7.00

0.00

3.95

2.31

1.30

0.66

water bottle1

bouteille d'eau

24

54

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.20

1.15

1.65

0.75

water bottle2

bouteille

24

54

  

6.95

0.22

6.95

0.22

6.00

1.12

1.70

0.86

water heater

chauffe-eau

13

31

  

1.80

1.15

2.35

1.14

1.65

1.14

0.70

0.86

water valve

robinet

7

29

  

5.65

1.84

5.90

1.92

5.05

1.64

1.35

0.49

waterfall

chute

22

55

  

1.50

1.10

1.15

0.49

1.70

1.30

0.95

0.76

watering can

arrosoir

17

65

  

6.90

0.31

6.75

0.44

6.40

0.94

1.45

0.60

weathervane

girouette

11

36

  

4.40

1.85

5.05

1.64

2.20

1.40

0.65

0.75

webcam

caméra

23

74

1,329

442

5.70

1.75

6.45

1.15

2.35

1.90

1.00

0.86

weight

poids

22

41

  

5.40

1.27

5.00

1.65

6.55

1.36

1.75

1.59

well

puits

16

88

  

1.30

0.73

1.90

1.07

4.55

1.99

1.20

0.62

wheat

blé

18

61

  

6.75

0.55

6.95

0.22

1.35

0.59

1.35

1.76

wheel1

roue

15

80

  

5.00

1.56

5.80

1.06

2.80

1.61

0.85

0.67

wheel2

roue

20

95

1,158

477

6.15

1.04

6.55

0.76

3.25

1.94

1.05

0.94

wheel3

roue

18

94

1,129

307

5.55

1.50

6.10

1.29

2.70

1.69

1.15

1.35

wheelchair

chaise roulante

24

83

1,155

432

3.80

1.58

5.50

1.43

6.10

1.17

2.30

1.87

whisk

fouet

20

45

  

6.70

0.98

6.95

0.22

6.05

1.61

1.25

0.44

wind surfboard

planche à voile

21

33

  

3.05

1.90

4.15

1.73

4.00

2.10

1.80

1.61

wind turbine

éolienne

16

94

  

1.45

1.39

1.90

1.89

1.80

1.24

0.50

0.76

windmill

moulin

20

50

  

1.00

0.00

1.00

0.00

1.80

1.32

0.70

0.92

windshield wiper

wiper

21

76

  

5.95

1.85

6.15

1.23

4.15

2.03

1.05

0.60

wine glass

verre

25

44

  

7.00

0.00

6.90

0.31

6.40

1.05

1.35

0.49

wine rack

vin

18

22

  

5.80

1.44

6.20

0.83

2.40

1.96

0.90

0.64

winnie the pooh

winnie the pooh

19

37

  

5.25

2.05

5.55

1.19

1.15

0.37

0.10

0.31

wood board

planche

25

68

996

233

6.25

1.33

5.95

1.00

1.85

1.60

2.00

2.22

world map

carte

25

48

  

5.40

2.06

6.15

0.75

2.30

1.53

0.70

0.80

wreath

couronne

20

65

  

6.25

0.85

6.20

0.89

2.00

1.34

0.75

0.64

wrench

pince

15

20

  

6.85

0.37

6.80

0.52

5.95

1.50

2.05

1.39

zebra

zèbre

25

100

942

382

1.30

0.66

2.55

1.85

1.65

1.31

1.50

2.19

zipper

zipper

23

70

  

6.55

1.15

6.45

1.32

6.35

0.81

1.40

0.50

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Guérard, K., Lagacé, S. & Brodeur, M.B. Four types of manipulability ratings and naming latencies for a set of 560 photographs of objects. Behav Res 47, 443–470 (2015). https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-014-0488-5

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