Abstract
The nature of recollective experience was examined in a recognition memory task. Subjects gave “remember” judgments to recognized items that were accompanied by conscious recollection and “know” judgments to items that were recognized on some other basis. Although a levels-of-processing effect (Experiment 1) and a picture-superiority effect (Experiment 2) were obtained for overall recognition, these effects occurred only for “remember” judgments, and were reversed for “know” judgments. In Experiment 3, targets and lures were either preceded by a masked repetition of their own presentation (thought to increase perceptual fluency) or of an unrelated word. The effect of perceptual fluency was obtained for overall recogrntion and “know” judgments but not for “remember” judgments. The data obtained for confidencejudgments using the same design (Experiment4) indicated that “remember”/”know” judgments are not made solely on the basis of confidence. These data support the two-factor theories of recognition memory by dissociating two forms of recognition, and shed light on the nature of conscious recollection.
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This research partially fulfilled the requirements for a doctoral degree at Rice University. Experiments 1, 2, and 3 were reported at the Midwestern Psychological Association Conference in May 1991, and at the November 1991 annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society.
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Rajaram, S. Remembering and knowing: Two means of access to the personal past. Memory & Cognition 21, 89–102 (1993). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211168
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211168