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SPORT EMOTION QUESTIONNAIRE: RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY STUDY

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 42 - 55, 30.12.2019

Osman Urfa F. Hülya Aşçı

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.518329
Cited By: 5

Öz

The purpose of this study was to
test the reliability and validity of Turkish version of Sport Emotion
Questionnaire (SEQ) for athletes. One hundred and nine males (Mage=22.69±6.70)
and 82 females (Mage=20.63±5.80), totally 191 athletes (Mage=21.81±6.40)
voluntarily participated in this study. SEQ is a five point likert scale and
includes 22 items. SEQ assess emotions before and during competition of
athletes on five subscales - Anger, Anxiety, Dejection, Excitement, Happiness-.
Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity and
Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis was used to test the correlation
between Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and SEQ for convergent
and divergent validity.  In addition, Cronbach
Alpha internal reliability coefficients were computed for each subscales to
test the reliability.  Confirmatory
factor analysis revealed that the construct validity of the Turkish scale was
consistent with the original five-factor structure of the SEQ (χ2/df=
1.383, GFI= 0.886, CFI= 0.953, RMR= 0.049, RMSEA= 0.045). Item factor loadings
were ranged between 0.49 and 0.85. Pearson correlation analysis revealed
significant positive relationship of negative affect with Anxiety (r=0.15, p<0.05), Dejection (r=0.29, p<0.01) and Anger (r=0.26, p<0.01). On the other hand, Excitement and Happiness were
negatively correlated with Negative Affect.  Excitement and Happiness were positively
correlated with Positive Affect. Internal consistency of the subscales was
ranged between 0.77 (Anxiety) and 0.87 (Excitement). It can be concluded that five-factor
model of the SEQ is appropriate for measuring emotions before and during
competition in Turkish athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Emotion Anger Anxiety Dejection Excitement

Kaynakça

  • Allen, M. S., Jones, M. V., Sheffield, D. (2011). Are the causes assigned to unsatisfactory performance related to the intensity of emotions experienced after competition. Sport & Exercise Psychology Review, 7(1), 3-10.
  • Arnold, R., Fletcher, D. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire in organisational environments. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(2), 169-179.
  • Balk, Y. A., Adriaanse, M. A., De Ridder, D. T., Evers, C. (2013). Coping under pressure: Employing emotion regulation strategies to enhance performance under pressure. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 35(4), 408-418.
  • Beedie, C.J., Terry, P.C., Lane, A.M. (2000). The profile of mood states and athletic performance: Two meta-analyses. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 49-68.
  • Brandt, R., Bevilacqua, G. G., Andrade, A. (2017). Perceived sleep quality, mood states, and their relationship with performance among Brazilian elite athletes during a competitive period. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1033-1039.
  • Brandt, R., da Silveira Viana, M., Brusque Crocetta, T., Andrade, A. (2016). Association between mood states and performance of Brazilian elite sailors: Winners vs. non-winners. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 11(32), 119-125.
  • Brislin, R. W. (1986). The wording and translation of research instruments. In WJ Lonner, JW Berry (Eds.), Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research (pp.137-164). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. New York: Routledge.
  • Campos, B., Keltner, D., Tapias, M. P. (2004). Emotion. In C. Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology (pp.713-722). Academic Press.
  • Campos, J. J., Campos, R. G., Barrett, K. C. (1989). Emergent themes in the study of emotional development and emotion regulation. Developmental Psychology, 25(3), 394.
  • Chapman, C., Lane, A.M., Brierley, J.H., Terry, P.C. (1997). Anxiety, self-confidence and performance in tae kwon-do. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 85, 1275-1278.
  • Craft, L.L., Magyar, T.M., Becker, B.J., Feltz, D.L. (2003). The relationship between the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 25, 44-65.
  • Crocker, P. R. (1997). A confirmatory factor analysis of the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) with a youth sport sample. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 19(1), 91-97.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., Dunn, J. C., Syrotuik, D. G. (2006). Examining the relationship between perfectionism and trait anger in competitive sport. International Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 7-24.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. Sage Publications.
  • Frijda, N.H. (1988). The laws of emotion. American Psychologist, 43(5): 349-358.
  • Gaudreau, P., Sanchez, X., Blondin, J. P. (2006). Positive and negative affective states in a performance-related setting: Testing the factorial structure of the PANAS across two samples of French-Canadian participants. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 22(4), 240-249.
  • Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition & Emotion, 13(5), 551-573.
  • Hair, J. F. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hanin, Y. L. (2007). Emotions in Sport: Current Issues and Perspectives. In G. Tenenbaum & R.C. Eklund (Eds.). Handbook of Sport Psychology (pp. 31-58). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hanin, Y., Syrjä, P. (1995). Performance affect in junior ice hockey players: An application of the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning model. The Sport Psychologist, 9, 169-187.
  • Hu, L. T., Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1-55.
  • Huang, C. C., Wang, Y. M., Wu, T. W., Wang, P. A. (2013). An empirical analysis of the antecedents and performance consequences of using the moodle platform. International Journal of Information & Education Technology, 3(2), 217.
  • James, W. (1884). What is an emotion? Mind, 9(34): 188-205.
  • Jokela, M., Hanin, Y.L. (1999). Does the individual zones of optimal functioning model discriminate between successful and less successful athletes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 17, 873-887.
  • Jones, M. V. (2003). Controlling emotions in sport. The Sport Psychologist, 17, 471-486.
  • Jones, M. V. (2012). Emotion regulation and performance. In S. M. Murphy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology (pp. 154-172). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Jones, M. V., Lane, A. M., Bray, S. R., Uphill, M., Catlin, J. (2005). Development and validation of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 27(4), 407-431.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Third ed., New York: Guilford Press.
  • Lan, M. F., Lane, A. M., Roy, J., Hanin, N. A. (2012). Validity of the Brunel Mood Scale for use with Malaysian athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 11(1), 131.
  • Lazarus, R.S. (1991). Emotion and Adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R.S., Bump, L.A., Smith, D.E. (1990). Development and validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. In R. Martens, R.S. Vealey, & D. Burton (Eds.), Competitive Anxiety in Sport (pp. 117-190). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Martens, R., Vealey, R. S., Burton, D. (Eds.) (1990). Competitive Anxiety in Sport (pp. 1- 64). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Martinent, G., Gareau, A., Lienhart, N., Nicaise, V. Guillet-Descas, E. (2018). Emotion profiles and their motivational antecedents among adolescent athletes in intensive training settings. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 35, 198-206.
  • Maxwell, J. P., Moores, E. (2007). The development of a short scale measuring aggressiveness and anger in competitive athletes. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 8(2), 179-193.
  • McCarthy, P. J. (2011). Positive emotion in sport performance: current status and future directions. International Review of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 50-69.
  • McCormick, A., Meijen, C., Marcora, S. (2018). Effects of a motivational self-talk intervention for endurance athletes completing an ultramarathon. The Sport Psychologist, 32(1), 42-50.
  • McNair, P. M., Lorr, M., Droppleman, L. F. (1981). POMS manual. San Diego: Educational & Industrial Testing Service.
  • Morgan, C. T. (2011). A Brief Introduction to Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Mowlaie, M., Besharat, M. A., Pourbohlool, S., Azizi, L. (2011). The mediation effects of self-confidence and sport self-efficacy on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control with sport performance. Procedia-Social & Behavioral Sciences, 30, 138-142.
  • Myers, D. G. (2010). Emotion, Stress, and Healty. In D. G. Myers (Ed.), Psychology (pp. 497-551). New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Özgüngör, S. (2018). Duygular. In Ş. Işık (Ed.), Psikolojiye Giriş (pp. 155-217). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Prapavessis, H. (2000). The POMS and sports performance: A review. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 34-48.
  • Robazza, C. (2006). Emotion in sport: An IZOF perspective. In S. Hanton & S. D. Mellalieu (Eds.), Literature reviews in sport psychology (pp. 127-158). New York: Nova Science.
  • Robazza, C., Bertollo, M., Ruiz, M. C., Bortoli, L. (2016). Measuring psychobiosocial states in sport: Initial validation of a trait measure. PLoS ONE, 11(12), e0167448. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167448.
  • Robazza, C., Pellizzari, M., Hanin, Y. (2004). Emotion self-regulation and athletic performance: An application of the IZOF model. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 5(4), 379-404.
  • Ruiz, M., Hanin, Y. (2004). Metaphoric description and individualized emotion profiling of performance states in top karate athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16, 258-273.
  • Ruiz, M. C., Hanin, Y. (2011). Perceived impact of anger on performance of skilled karate athletes. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 12(3), 242-249.
  • Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., Cumming, S. P., Grossbard, J. R. (2006). Measurement of multidimensional sport performance anxiety in children and adults: The Sport Anxiety Scale-2. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 28(4), 479-501.
  • Strongman, K. T. (2003). The Psychology of Emotion. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Onyishi, I. E., Szarota, P. (2013). Montesquieu hypothesis and football: players from hot countries are more expressive after scoring a goal. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 44(4), 421-430.
  • Terry, P. C., Lane, A. M., Fogarty, G. (2003). Construct validity of the Profile of Mood States-A for use with adults. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 4, 125-139.
  • Terry, P.C., Lane, A.M. (2000). Normative values for the Profile of Mood States for use with athletic samples. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 93-109.
  • Vast, R. L., Young, R. L., Thomas, P. R. (2010). Emotions in sport: Perceived effects on attention, concentration, and performance. Australian Psychologist, 45(2), 132-140.
  • Wagstaff, C. R. D. (2014). Emotion regulation and sport performance. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 36(4), 401-412.
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
  • Woodman, T., Davis, P. A., Hardy, L., Callow, N., Glasscock, I., Yuill-Proctor, J. (2009). Emotions and sport performance: An exploration of happiness, hope, and anger. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 31(2), 169-188.
  • Woodman, T., Hardy, L. (2003). The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence upon sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(6), 443-457.

SPOR DUYGU ÖLÇEĞİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 42 - 55, 30.12.2019

Osman Urfa F. Hülya Aşçı

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.518329
Cited By: 5

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Spor Duygu Ölçeği Türkçe
formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sporcularda test edilmesidir. Çalışmanın
örneklemini, 8 farklı branşta yer alan, 109 erkek (yaş=22.69±6.70),
82 kadın (yaş=20.63±5.80)
olmak üzere toplam 191 sporcu (yaş=21.81±6.40)
oluşturmaktadır. Spor Duygu Ölçeği 22 madde ve 5 alt boyuttan oluşan 5’li
likert tipi bir ölçektir. Sporcuların müsabakadan önce veya müsabaka anında
yaşadıkları duyguları Kaygı, Keyifsizlik, Öfke, Coşku ve Mutluluk olmak üzere 5
alt boyutta değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmada yapı geçerliği için doğrulayıcı
faktör analizi, yakınsak ve ıraksak geçerlik için Pozitif ve Negatif Duygu
Ölçeği ile Spor Duygu Ölçeği arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek amacı ile pearson momentler
çarpımı korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği için Cronbach’s
alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi
sonucunda, ölçeğin Türkçe formunun orijinal beş faktörlü (Kaygı, Keyifsizlik,
Öfke, Coşku, Mutluluk) yapıyı desteklediği bulunmuştur (χ2/df=
1.383, GFI= 0.886, CFI= 0.953, RMR= 0.049, RMSEA= 0.045). Madde faktör yükleri 0.49
ile 0.85 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçüt geçerliği için yapılan pearson momentler
çarpımı korelasyon analizi sonucunda; Negatif duygular ile Kaygı (r=0.15, p<0.05), Keyifsizlik (r=0.29, p<0.01) ve Öfke (r=0.26, p<0.01) duyguları arasında pozitif yönlü; Coşku (r=-0.26, p<0.01) ve Mutluluk (r=-0.15, p<0.05) duyguları ile negatif yönlü
anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Pozitif duygular ile Coşku (r=0.39, p<0.01) ve
Mutluluk (r=0.36, p<0.01) duyguları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki
bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarına ait güvenirlik katsayısı ise 0.77 (Kaygı)
ile 0.87 (Coşku) aralığında değişmektedir. Spor Duygu Ölçeği Türkçe formunun sporcuların
müsabaka öncesi ve müsabaka sırasındaki duygularını ölçmek için geçerli ve
güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Duygu Kaygı Keyifsizlik Öfke Coşku

Kaynakça

  • Allen, M. S., Jones, M. V., Sheffield, D. (2011). Are the causes assigned to unsatisfactory performance related to the intensity of emotions experienced after competition. Sport & Exercise Psychology Review, 7(1), 3-10.
  • Arnold, R., Fletcher, D. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire in organisational environments. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(2), 169-179.
  • Balk, Y. A., Adriaanse, M. A., De Ridder, D. T., Evers, C. (2013). Coping under pressure: Employing emotion regulation strategies to enhance performance under pressure. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 35(4), 408-418.
  • Beedie, C.J., Terry, P.C., Lane, A.M. (2000). The profile of mood states and athletic performance: Two meta-analyses. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 49-68.
  • Brandt, R., Bevilacqua, G. G., Andrade, A. (2017). Perceived sleep quality, mood states, and their relationship with performance among Brazilian elite athletes during a competitive period. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1033-1039.
  • Brandt, R., da Silveira Viana, M., Brusque Crocetta, T., Andrade, A. (2016). Association between mood states and performance of Brazilian elite sailors: Winners vs. non-winners. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 11(32), 119-125.
  • Brislin, R. W. (1986). The wording and translation of research instruments. In WJ Lonner, JW Berry (Eds.), Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research (pp.137-164). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. New York: Routledge.
  • Campos, B., Keltner, D., Tapias, M. P. (2004). Emotion. In C. Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology (pp.713-722). Academic Press.
  • Campos, J. J., Campos, R. G., Barrett, K. C. (1989). Emergent themes in the study of emotional development and emotion regulation. Developmental Psychology, 25(3), 394.
  • Chapman, C., Lane, A.M., Brierley, J.H., Terry, P.C. (1997). Anxiety, self-confidence and performance in tae kwon-do. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 85, 1275-1278.
  • Craft, L.L., Magyar, T.M., Becker, B.J., Feltz, D.L. (2003). The relationship between the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 25, 44-65.
  • Crocker, P. R. (1997). A confirmatory factor analysis of the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) with a youth sport sample. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 19(1), 91-97.
  • Dunn, J. G., Gotwals, J. K., Dunn, J. C., Syrotuik, D. G. (2006). Examining the relationship between perfectionism and trait anger in competitive sport. International Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 7-24.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. Sage Publications.
  • Frijda, N.H. (1988). The laws of emotion. American Psychologist, 43(5): 349-358.
  • Gaudreau, P., Sanchez, X., Blondin, J. P. (2006). Positive and negative affective states in a performance-related setting: Testing the factorial structure of the PANAS across two samples of French-Canadian participants. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 22(4), 240-249.
  • Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition & Emotion, 13(5), 551-573.
  • Hair, J. F. Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hanin, Y. L. (2007). Emotions in Sport: Current Issues and Perspectives. In G. Tenenbaum & R.C. Eklund (Eds.). Handbook of Sport Psychology (pp. 31-58). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Hanin, Y., Syrjä, P. (1995). Performance affect in junior ice hockey players: An application of the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning model. The Sport Psychologist, 9, 169-187.
  • Hu, L. T., Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1-55.
  • Huang, C. C., Wang, Y. M., Wu, T. W., Wang, P. A. (2013). An empirical analysis of the antecedents and performance consequences of using the moodle platform. International Journal of Information & Education Technology, 3(2), 217.
  • James, W. (1884). What is an emotion? Mind, 9(34): 188-205.
  • Jokela, M., Hanin, Y.L. (1999). Does the individual zones of optimal functioning model discriminate between successful and less successful athletes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 17, 873-887.
  • Jones, M. V. (2003). Controlling emotions in sport. The Sport Psychologist, 17, 471-486.
  • Jones, M. V. (2012). Emotion regulation and performance. In S. M. Murphy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology (pp. 154-172). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Jones, M. V., Lane, A. M., Bray, S. R., Uphill, M., Catlin, J. (2005). Development and validation of the Sport Emotion Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 27(4), 407-431.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Third ed., New York: Guilford Press.
  • Lan, M. F., Lane, A. M., Roy, J., Hanin, N. A. (2012). Validity of the Brunel Mood Scale for use with Malaysian athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 11(1), 131.
  • Lazarus, R.S. (1991). Emotion and Adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R.S., Bump, L.A., Smith, D.E. (1990). Development and validation of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. In R. Martens, R.S. Vealey, & D. Burton (Eds.), Competitive Anxiety in Sport (pp. 117-190). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Martens, R., Vealey, R. S., Burton, D. (Eds.) (1990). Competitive Anxiety in Sport (pp. 1- 64). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Martinent, G., Gareau, A., Lienhart, N., Nicaise, V. Guillet-Descas, E. (2018). Emotion profiles and their motivational antecedents among adolescent athletes in intensive training settings. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 35, 198-206.
  • Maxwell, J. P., Moores, E. (2007). The development of a short scale measuring aggressiveness and anger in competitive athletes. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 8(2), 179-193.
  • McCarthy, P. J. (2011). Positive emotion in sport performance: current status and future directions. International Review of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 50-69.
  • McCormick, A., Meijen, C., Marcora, S. (2018). Effects of a motivational self-talk intervention for endurance athletes completing an ultramarathon. The Sport Psychologist, 32(1), 42-50.
  • McNair, P. M., Lorr, M., Droppleman, L. F. (1981). POMS manual. San Diego: Educational & Industrial Testing Service.
  • Morgan, C. T. (2011). A Brief Introduction to Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Mowlaie, M., Besharat, M. A., Pourbohlool, S., Azizi, L. (2011). The mediation effects of self-confidence and sport self-efficacy on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control with sport performance. Procedia-Social & Behavioral Sciences, 30, 138-142.
  • Myers, D. G. (2010). Emotion, Stress, and Healty. In D. G. Myers (Ed.), Psychology (pp. 497-551). New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Özgüngör, S. (2018). Duygular. In Ş. Işık (Ed.), Psikolojiye Giriş (pp. 155-217). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Prapavessis, H. (2000). The POMS and sports performance: A review. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 34-48.
  • Robazza, C. (2006). Emotion in sport: An IZOF perspective. In S. Hanton & S. D. Mellalieu (Eds.), Literature reviews in sport psychology (pp. 127-158). New York: Nova Science.
  • Robazza, C., Bertollo, M., Ruiz, M. C., Bortoli, L. (2016). Measuring psychobiosocial states in sport: Initial validation of a trait measure. PLoS ONE, 11(12), e0167448. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167448.
  • Robazza, C., Pellizzari, M., Hanin, Y. (2004). Emotion self-regulation and athletic performance: An application of the IZOF model. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 5(4), 379-404.
  • Ruiz, M., Hanin, Y. (2004). Metaphoric description and individualized emotion profiling of performance states in top karate athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16, 258-273.
  • Ruiz, M. C., Hanin, Y. (2011). Perceived impact of anger on performance of skilled karate athletes. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 12(3), 242-249.
  • Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., Cumming, S. P., Grossbard, J. R. (2006). Measurement of multidimensional sport performance anxiety in children and adults: The Sport Anxiety Scale-2. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 28(4), 479-501.
  • Strongman, K. T. (2003). The Psychology of Emotion. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Onyishi, I. E., Szarota, P. (2013). Montesquieu hypothesis and football: players from hot countries are more expressive after scoring a goal. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 44(4), 421-430.
  • Terry, P. C., Lane, A. M., Fogarty, G. (2003). Construct validity of the Profile of Mood States-A for use with adults. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 4, 125-139.
  • Terry, P.C., Lane, A.M. (2000). Normative values for the Profile of Mood States for use with athletic samples. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 12, 93-109.
  • Vast, R. L., Young, R. L., Thomas, P. R. (2010). Emotions in sport: Perceived effects on attention, concentration, and performance. Australian Psychologist, 45(2), 132-140.
  • Wagstaff, C. R. D. (2014). Emotion regulation and sport performance. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 36(4), 401-412.
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
  • Woodman, T., Davis, P. A., Hardy, L., Callow, N., Glasscock, I., Yuill-Proctor, J. (2009). Emotions and sport performance: An exploration of happiness, hope, and anger. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 31(2), 169-188.
  • Woodman, T., Hardy, L. (2003). The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence upon sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(6), 443-457.
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Osman Urfa 0000-0002-9821-671X

F. Hülya Aşçı 0000-0002-6650-6931

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Urfa, O., & Aşçı, F. H. (2019). SPOR DUYGU ÖLÇEĞİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(4), 42-55. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.518329

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Investigation the Perceptions of the Academicians in the Faculties of Sports Sciences on the Internationalization Policies of the University They Work in and Their Organizational Identification
The Online Journal of Recreation and Sports
https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1276433
Amatör Futbolcuların Sporda Ahlaktan Uzaklaşma ile Spor Duygu Durumlarının İncelenmesi
MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1259126
ÜNİLİG’de Yarışan Sporcuların Müsabaka Öncesi Zihinsel Hazır Oluş ve Duygu İfadelerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.53434/gbesbd.1168674
The Direct and Indirect Effects of Irrational Beliefs on Perceived Performance: The Mediation Role of Emotions and Automatic Thoughts
Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-022-00489-5
Sporda Mükemmel Performans Ölçeği’nin (PPS-S) Çocuk ve Yetişkin Sporcular için Geçerlik ve Güvenirliğinin İncelenmesi: Kısa Form
Ulusal Spor Bilimleri Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.30769/usbd.724680
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