Inadequate Dietary Intakes: Among Pregnant Women

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
21 May 2012

Abstract

Purpose: Eating behaviours were assessed among pregnant women in a mid-sized Canadian city.
Methods: As part of the Prenatal Health Project, we interviewed 2313 pregnant women in London, Ontario. Subjects also completed a food frequency questionnaire. Recruitment took place in ultrasound clinics at 10 to 22 weeks of gestation. The main outcome measures were number of daily servings for each food group, measured against the minimum number recommended by the 2007 Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide (CFG), the proportion of women consuming the recommended number of servings for each and all of the four food groups, and factors associated with adequate consumption. We also determined the number of servings of “other foods.” Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression, all at p<0.05.
Results: A total of 3.5% of women consumed the recommended number of servings for all four food groups; 15.3% did not consume the minimum number of servings of foods for any of the four food groups. Women for whom this was their first pregnancy were less likely to consume the recommended number of servings from all four food groups (odds ratio=0.41; confidence interval=0.23, 0.74).
Conclusions: Very few pregnant women consumed food group servings consistent with the 2007 recommendations. Strategies to improve dietary behaviours must focus on the establishment of healthy eating behaviours among women of reproductive age.

Résumé

Objectif: Les comportements alimentaires de femmes enceintes résidant dans une ville canadienne de moyenne taille ont été évalués.
Méthodes: Dans le cadre du Prenatal Health Project [Projet de santé prénatale], nous avons interviewé 2313 femmes enceintes de London, en Ontario. Les participantes ont rempli un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire. Le recrutement de femmes qui étaient enceintes de 10 à 22 semaines s’est déroulé dans des cliniques pratiquant des échographies. Les principales mesures de résultats étaient le nombre de portions quotidiennes de chaque groupe alimentaire consommées mis en relation avec le nombre minimum recommandé dans le Guide alimentaire canadien (GAC) de 2007; la proportion de femmes consommant le nombre recommandé de portions pour chaque groupe alimentaire et pour tous les groupes confondus; et les facteurs en lien avec une consommation adéquate. De plus, nous avons déterminé le nombre de portions de la catégorie « autres aliments ». L’analyse comprenait des statistiques descriptives et une régression logistique (p < 0,05).
Résultats: Au total, 3,5 % des femmes consommaient le nombre recommandé de portions des quatre groupes alimentaires; et 15,3 % ne consommaient pas le nombre minimum de portions pour les quatre groupes alimentaires. Les femmes qui étaient enceintes pour la première fois étaient moins susceptibles de consommer le nombre recommandé de portions des quatre groupes alimentaires (rapport de cotes = 0,41; intervalle de confiance = 0,23, 0,74).
Conclusions: Très peu de femmes enceintes consommaient le nombre de portions recommandé dans le GAC de 2007. Des stratégies visant à améliorer les comportements alimentaires doivent mettre l’accent sur l’adoption de comportements alimentaires sains chez les femmes en âge de procréer.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 73Number 2July 2012
Pages: 72 - 77

History

Version of record online: 21 May 2012

Authors

Affiliations

Jennifer K. Fowler, MSc, RD
Hamilton Family Health Team, Hamilton, ON
Susan E. Evers, PhD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
M. Karen Campbell, PhD
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Paediatrics, The University of Western Ontario, and Children’s Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON

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1. Prenatal Nutrition in Team-Based Care: Current Practices and Opportunities for Optimization of Care
2. A Nutrition Screening Form for Female Infertility Patients

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