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Cost Effectiveness of Adding Ezetimibe to Atorvastatin Therapy in Patients Not at Cholesterol Treatment Goal in Canada

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Abstract

Introduction: This analysis compared the cost effectiveness of adding ezetimibe to atorvastatin therapy versus atorvastatin titration or adding cholestyramine (a resin) for patients at high risk of a coronary artery disease (CAD) event who did not reach target cholesterol levels on their current atorvastatin dosage. The primary analysis focused on 65-year-old patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of 3.1 or 3.6 mmol/L with a treatment goal of <2.5 mmol/L, classified as very high risk according to the 2000 Canadian Guidelines for Management and Treatment of Hyperlipidaemia.

Methods: A previously developed Markov model was utilised to capture the cost and clinical consequences of lipid-lowering therapy in primary and secondary prevention of CAD. Comparisons between treatment strategies were made using ICERs (cost per QALY) from a Canadian Ministry of Health perspective. The effects of lipid-lowering therapies were based on clinical trial data. The risks of CAD events were estimated using Framingham Heart Study risk equations. Treatment costs and the costs of acute and long-term care for CAD events were included in the analysis. Costs ($Can, 2002 values) and outcomes were discounted at 5% per annum.

Results: Ezetimibe added to atorvastatin therapy compared with treatment with the most common fixed atorvastatin daily dosage (10mg) or with common atorvastatin titration strategies (up to 20mg daily; up to 40mg daily) resulted in cost per QALY estimates ranging from $Can25 344 to $Can44 332. The addition of ezetimibe to atorvastatin therapy was less costly and more effective than the addition of cholestyramine (dominant).

Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that adding ezetimibe to atorvastatin for patients not achieving treatment goals with their current atorvastatin dose produces greater clinical benefits than treatment with a fixed-dose atorvastatin or atorvastatin titration at an increased overall cost. The cost-effectiveness ratios provide strong evidence for the adoption of ezetimibe within the Canadian healthcare system.

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  1. The use of trade names is for product identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. i3 Innovus, Burlington, Ontario, Canada

    Michele Kohli

  2. Innovus Research Inc., Burlington, Ontario, Canada

    Cheryl Attard, Annette Lam & Daniel Huse

  3. Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania, USA

    John Cook

  4. Merck Frosst Canada Ltd., Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Chantal Bourgault & Michael Marentette

  5. Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Chantal Bourgault

  6. Merck & Co Inc., Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA

    Evo Alemao & Donald Yin

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  1. Michele Kohli
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Kohli, M., Attard, C., Lam, A. et al. Cost Effectiveness of Adding Ezetimibe to Atorvastatin Therapy in Patients Not at Cholesterol Treatment Goal in Canada. Pharmacoeconomics 24, 815–830 (2006). https://doi.org/10.2165/00019053-200624080-00007

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