Utility of Real-Time 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Assessment of Mitral Paravalvular Leak

Antonio Arribas-Jimenez; Juan C Rama-Merchan; Manuel Barreiro-Pérez; Soraya Merchan-Gómez; Alberto Iscar-Galán; Ana Martín-García; Felix Nieto-Ballestero; Esther Sánchez-Corral; Javier Rodriguez-Collado; Ignacio Cruz-González; Pedro L Sanchez

doi:10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0802

Valvular Heart Disease

Utility of Real-Time 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Assessment of Mitral Paravalvular Leak

Antonio Arribas-Jimenez, Juan C Rama-Merchan, Manuel Barreiro-Pérez, Soraya Merchan-Gómez, Alberto Iscar-Galán, Ana Martín-García, Felix Nieto-Ballestero, Esther Sánchez-Corral, Javier Rodriguez-Collado, Ignacio Cruz-González, Pedro L Sanchez

Author information

Antonio Arribas-Jimenez
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Juan C Rama-Merchan
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Manuel Barreiro-Pérez
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Soraya Merchan-Gómez
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Alberto Iscar-Galán
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Ana Martín-García
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Felix Nieto-Ballestero
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Esther Sánchez-Corral
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Javier Rodriguez-Collado
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Ignacio Cruz-González
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL
Pedro L Sanchez
Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL

Keywords: Mitral regurgitation, Paravalvular leak, Real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography, 2D transesophageal echocardiography

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2016 Volume 80 Issue 3 Pages 738-744

DOI https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0802

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Abstract

Background:Mitral paravalvular leak (PVL) is a potential complication of surgical valve replacement procedures. Real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3DTEE) has emerged as an efficient tool for providing essential information about the anatomy of mitral PVLs compared with 2DTEE findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of RT-3DTEE in the assessment of mitral PVLs.Methods and Results:The 3D characteristics of PVLs were recorded and compared with 2D findings. We included 34 consecutive patients with clinical suspicion of mitral PVL in the study. Mitral PVLs were detected in 26 patients (76%); 26 PVLs were identified by 2DTEE and 37 by RT-3DTEE. Moderate or severe mitral regurgitation was present in 23 patients (88%). The most common PVL locations were the septal and posterior regions. The median PVL size measured by RT-3DTEE was 7 mm long×4 mm wide. The median vena contracta of defect measured by 2DTEE and RT-3DTEE was 5 mm and 4 mm, respectively. The median effective regurgitant orifice area of defect measured by RT-3DTEE was 0.36 cm². The defect types were “oval” (54%), “round” (35%), “crescentic” (8%) and highly irregular (3%).Conclusions:Compared with 2DTEE, RT-3DTEE provided detailed descriptions of the number, location, size and morphology of PVLs, which is essential for planning and guiding the potential corrective techniques. (Circ J 2016; 80: 738–744)

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