Elsevier

Medicina Clínica

Volume 126, Issue 14, April 2006, Pages 521-526
Medicina Clínica

Originales
Estimación del riesgo coronario en la población de Canarias aplicando la ecuación de FraminghamCoronary risk in the population of the Canary Islands, Spain, using the Framingham function

https://doi.org/10.1157/13087138Get rights and content

Fundamento y objetivo

La mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica en Canarias se sitúa entre las más altas de España. Dada la ausencia de tablas de riesgo coronario específicas para la población del archipiélago, este estudio las elabora y compara a la población canaria con la de Gerona, cuya prevalencia y tablas de riesgo se han publicado previamente.

Sujetos y método

Estudio transversal de 4.915 sujetos, de entre 25 y 74 años de edad, incluidos en la cohorte CDC de Canarias. Se les efectuó una entrevista personal, además de exploración física y extracción de sangre, para estimar las prevalencias estandarizadas de tabaquismo, sobrepeso, obesidad, diabetes e hipertensión arterial. Con ellas se calibró la ecuación derivada de la cohorte de Framingham y se elaboraron las tablas de riesgo coronario.

Resultados

La prevalencia bruta de obesidad fue del 30% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 28,7-31,3), la de sobrepeso del 39% (IC del 95%, 37,6-40,4), la de tabaquismo del 26% (IC del 95%, 24,8-27,2), la de hipertensión arterial del 40% (IC del 95%, 38,6-41,4) y la de diabetes mellitus del 12% (IC del 95%, 11,1-12,9). Compara da con la estimada en Gerona, la prevalencia de casi todos estos factores de riesgo es desfavorable a la población de las islas desde las edades más jóvenes hasta las más avanzadas. En promedio, el riesgo coronario calibrado en Canarias es un 89% más alto (un 94% en varones y un 87% en mujeres), lo cualse correspon de con la distancia entre ambas poblaciones en las estadísticas nacionales de mortalidad.

Conclusiones

La elevada prevalencia de obesidad y otros factores en la población canaria genera importantes riesgos coronarios y explica su posición en las estadísticas de mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica. El uso de tablas calibradas como las que aquí presentamos puede ser de ayuda para intensificar la prevención cardiovascular.

Background and objective

Although ischemic cardiopathy mortality in the Canary Islands is among the highest in Spain, the specific coronary risk for its population has not been estimated. This study presents the first cardiovascular risk charts for the Canarian adult population and compares them with those previously published on Gerona, Spain.

Subjects and method

A cross-sectional study of 4915 subjects, aged 25-74, that had been enrolled in the cohort study CDC of the Canary Islands. The standardized prevalence of obesity, overweight, smoking, hypertension and diabetes were estimated with the information obtained from personnel interviews, physical exams and blood samples. Those prevalences were used to calibrate the Framingham coronary function and to elaborate coronary risk charts

Results

The crude prevalence of obesity was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.7-31.3), overweight 39% (95% CI, 37.6-40.4), smoking 26% (95% CI, 24.8-27.2), hypertension 40% (95% CI, 38.6-41.4) and diabetes 12% (95% CI, 11.1-12.9). In most of the factors, these prevalences were higher than Gerona’s population in every age group and gender. On average, the estimated coronary risk of the islanders was 89% higher than Gerona’s risk (94% higher in males and 87% in females), which is concordant with the distance between both populations in the national mortality statistics.

Conclusions

The high prevalence of obesity and other factors in the Canarian population implies important coronary risks and it explains the position of the Canary Islands in the Spanish statistics of ischemic cardiopathy mortality. The use of these calibrated risk charts would be helpful to intensify the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Referencias bibliográficas (32)

  • P. Puska et al.

    The North Karelia project: 15 years of community-based prevention of coronary heart disease

    Ann Med

    (1989)
  • S. Grundy et al.

    Assessment of cardiovascular risk by use of multiple-risk-factor assessment equations: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology

    Circulation

    (1999)
  • K.M. Anderson et al.

    An updated coronary risk profile. A statement for health professionals

    Circulation

    (1991)
  • R.B. D’Agostino et al.

    Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores: results of a multiple ethnic groups investigation

    JAMA

    (2001)
  • A. Menotti et al.

    Comparison of the Framingham risk function-based coronary chart risk function from an Italian population study

    Eur Heart J

    (2000)
  • A. Menotti et al.

    Coronaryheart disease incidence in northern and southern European populations: a reanalysis of the seven countries study for a European coronary risk chart

    Heart

    (2000)
  • Cited by (30)

    • Cardiovascular and metabolic risk in outpatients with schizoaffective disorder treated with antipsychotics: Results from the CLAMORS study

      2012, European Psychiatry
      Citation Excerpt :

      The prevalence of hypertension was 51.3% in the total study population, and was higher in men (61.3%). These values are considerably high compared to the general population in Spain, which shows values ranging for 25–40% [15,44,54]. Another remarkable finding of our study was that schizoaffective patients had a higher prevalence of the metabolic syndrome compared with previous data in patients with schizophrenia (CLAMORS study, [13]) and a prevalence in the same range as bipolar disorder in our setting [24].

    View all citing articles on Scopus

    Estudio financiado por el Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PI021189).

    View full text