Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
ARTICLESVoice-DISC Identified DSM-IV Disorders Among 15-Year-Olds in the West of Scotland
Section snippets
Background and Sample
Data are from the West of Scotland 11 to 16 Study, hereafter referred to as the “11 to 16 Study” (West and Sweeting, 1996). This is a longitudinal, school-based survey of health and lifestyles in a cohort of young people resident in the West of Scotland. They were first surveyed at the age of 11 years in their final year of primary school (1994) and followed up in secondary schools at the ages of 13 years (1996) and 15 years (1999); the principal method of data collection was self-complete
Prevalence (Without Impairment)
Table 1 shows the prevalence of diagnoses by sex. Minor fluctuations in denominators are due to rounding during the weighting process.
Anxiety disorders (9.2%) were the most prevalent emotional disorders, affecting significantly more females than males, a difference apparent for all specific anxiety diagnoses. Eating disorders were rare (two female respondents). Depressive disorder (2.3%), primarily major depressive disorder, was also more likely among females, though not significantly so. ADHD
DISCUSSION
The 11 to 16 Study is the first major study to provide prevalence estimates of psychiatric disorder in a large sample of adolescents using a self-administered, computerized (Voice) version of the DISC. Based on symptoms alone, 1 in 5 adolescents met DSM-IV criteria for a psychiatric disorder, rising to almost 1 in 3 with the inclusion of substance abuse/dependence. The addition of impairment reduced the prevalence of any disorder (less substance) by about one fourth, and strict impairment
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The authors acknowledge the support of Michael van Beinum, Barbara Maughan, and Lynn Lucas, and the Office of National Statistics and UK Data Archive for permission to use the “Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in Great Britain 1999” (Project PA 343) data set. Prof. West, Dr. Sweeting, and Mr. Der are supported financially by the Medical Research Council of Great Britain.