Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2015; 36(02): 157-162
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390497
Training & Testing
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Reliability and Feasibility of Physical Fitness Tests in Female Fibromyalgia Patients

A. Carbonell-Baeza
1   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Science, University of Cadiz, Spain
,
I. C. Álvarez-Gallardo
2   Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
,
V. Segura-Jiménez
2   Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
,
J. Castro-Piñero
1   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Science, University of Cadiz, Spain
,
J. R. Ruiz
2   Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
,
M. Delgado-Fernández
2   Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
,
V. A. Aparicio
3   Department of Physiology and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History



accepted after revision 13 August 2014

Publication Date:
20 October 2014 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the reliability and feasibility of physical fitness tests in female fibromyalgia patients. 100 female fibromyalgia patients (aged 50.6±8.6 years) performed the following tests twice (7 days interval test–retest): chair sit and reach, back scratch, handgrip strength, arm curl, chair stand, 8 feet up and go, and 6-min walk. Significant differences between test and retest were found in the arm curl (mean difference: 1.25±2.16 repetitions, Cohen d=0.251), chair stand (0.99±1.7 repetitions, Cohen d=0.254) and 8 feet up and go (−0.38±1.09 s, Cohen d=0.111) tests. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) range from 0.92 in the arm curl test to 0.96 in the back scratch test. The feasibility of the tests (patients able to complete the test) ranged from 89% in the arm curl test to 100% in the handgrip strength test. Therefore, the reliability and feasibility of the physical fitness tests examined is acceptable for female fibromyalgia patients.

Key words

pain - muscle strength - flexibility - aerobic capacity - assessment
 

  • References

  • 1 Adsuar JC, Olivares PR, del Pozo-Cruz B, Parraca JA, Gusi N. Test-retest reliability of isometric and isokinetic knee extension and flexion in patients with fibromyalgia: evaluation of the smallest real difference. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 92: 1646-1651
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Adsuar JC, Olivares PR, Parraca JA, Hernandez-Mocholi MA, Gusi N. Applicability and test-retest reliability of isokinetic shoulder abduction and adduction in women fibromyalgia patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 94: 444-450
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Aparicio VA, Carbonell-Baeza A, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Heredia JM, Delgado-Fernandez M. Handgrip strength in men with fibromyalgia. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2010; 28: S78-S81
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Aparicio VA, Carbonell-Baeza A, Ruiz JR, Aranda P, Tercedor P, Delgado-Fernandez M, Ortega FB. Fitness testing as a discriminative tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of fibromyalgia. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2013; 23: 415-423
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Aparicio VA, Ortega FB, Heredia JM, Carbonell-Baeza A, Sjostrom M, Delgado-Fernandez M. Handgrip strength test as a complementary tool in the assessment of fibromyalgia severity in women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 92: 83-88
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Bjornsdottir SV, Jonsson SH, Valdimarsdottir UA. Functional limitations and physical symptoms of individuals with chronic pain. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 42: 59-70
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Bland JM, Altman DG. Comparing methods of measurement: why plotting difference against standard method is misleading. Lancet 1995; 346: 1085-1087
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1982; 14: 377-381
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Bossema ER, van Middendorp H, Jacobs JW, Bijlsma JW, Geenen R. Influence of weather on daily symptoms of pain and fatigue in female patients with fibromyalgia: a multilevel regression analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013; 65: 1019-1025
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Carbonell-Baeza A, Aparicio VA, Sjostrom M, Ruiz JR, Delgado-Fernandez M. Pain and functional capacity in female fibromyalgia patients. Pain Med 2011; 12: 1667-1675
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Carbonell-Baeza A, Ruiz JR, Aparicio VA, Ortega FB, Delgado-Fernandez M. The 6-minute walk test in female fibromyalgia patients: relationship with tenderness, symptomatology, quality of life, and coping strategies. Pain Manag Nurs 2013; 14: 193-199
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Cardinal BJ, Esters J, Cardinal MK. Evaluation of the revised physical activity readiness questionnaire in older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 468-472
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Currell K, Jeukendrup AE. Validity, reliability and sensitivity of measures of sporting performance. Sports Med 2008; 38: 297-316
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Cherry BJ, Zettel-Watson L, Chang JC, Shimizu R, Rutledge DN, Jones CJ. Positive associations between physical and cognitive performance measures in fibromyalgia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93: 62-71
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 de Gier M, Peters ML, Vlaeyen JW. Fear of pain, physical performance, and attentional processes in patients with fibromyalgia. Pain 2003; 104: 121-130
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Fitzcharles MA, Ste-Marie PA, Goldenberg DL, Pereira JX, Abbey S, Choiniere M, Ko G, Moulin DE, Panopalis P, Proulx J, Shir Y. Canadian Pain Society and Canadian Rheumatology Association Recommendations for Rational Care of Persons with Fibromyalgia. A Summary Report. J Rheumatol 2013; 40: 1388-1393
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Goes SM, Leite N, Shay BL, Homann D, Stefanello JM, Rodacki AL. Functional capacity, muscle strength and falls in women with fibromyalgia. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2012; 27: 578-583
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Harris RE, Williams DA, McLean SA, Sen A, Hufford M, Gendreau RM, Gracely RH, Clauw DJ. Characterization and consequences of pain variability in individuals with fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 3670-3674
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research: 2014 update. Int J Sports Med 2013; 34: 1025-1028
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Hopkins WG. Measures of reliability in sports medicine and science. Sports Med 2000; 30: 1-15
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 King S, Wessel J, Bhambhani Y, Maikala R, Sholter D, Maksymowych W. Validity and reliability of the 6 minute walk in persons with fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 2233-2237
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Mannerkorpi K, Svantesson U, Broberg C. Relationships between performance-based tests and patients' ratings of activity limitations, self-efficacy, and pain in fibromyalgia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 87: 259-264
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Mannerkorpi K, Svantesson U, Carlsson J, Ekdahl C. Tests of functional limitations in fibromyalgia syndrome: a reliability study. Arthritis Care Res 1999; 12: 193-199
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Munguia-Izquierdo D, Legaz-Arrese A. Reliability and validity of a low load endurance strength test for upper and lower extremities in patients with fibromyalgia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93: 2035-2041
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Okifuji A, Bradshaw DH, Donaldson GW, Turk DC. Sequential analyses of daily symptoms in women with fibromyalgia syndrome. J Pain 2011; 12: 84-93
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Panton LB, Kingsley JD, Toole T, Cress ME, Abboud G, Sirithienthad P, Mathis R, McMillan V. A comparison of physical functional performance and strength in women with fibromyalgia, age- and weight-matched controls, and older women who are healthy. Phys Ther 2006; 86: 1479-1488
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Portney L, White M. Foundations of clinical research. Applications to practice. New Yersey: Pearson Education Inc; 2009
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Rikli RE, Jones J. Development and validation of a functional fitness test for community residing older adults. J Aging Phys Act 1999; 7: 129-161
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Rivera J, Esteve-Vives J, Vallejo MA, Rejas J. Factors associated with temporary work disability in patients with fibromyalgia. Rheumatol Int 2011; 31: 1471-1477
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Rivera J, Gonzalez T. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: a validated Spanish version to assess the health status in women with fibromyalgia. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2004; 22: 554-560
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Ruiz-Ruiz J, Mesa JL, Gutierrez A, Castillo MJ. Hand size influences optimal grip span in women but not in men. J Hand Surg Am 2006; 27: 897-901
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Sanudo B, Galiano D, Carrasco L, Blagojevic M, de Hoyo M, Saxton J. Aerobic exercise versus combined exercise therapy in women with fibromyalgia syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010; 91: 1838-1843
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Ulus Y, Akyol Y, Tander B, Durmus D, Bilgici A, Kuru O. Sleep quality in fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis: associations with pain, fatigue, depression, and disease activity. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2011; 29: S92-S96
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19: 231-240
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Wilson HD, Robinson JP, Turk DC. Toward the identification of symptom patterns in people with fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 61: 527-534
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB, Bennett RM, Bombardier C, Goldenberg DL, Tugwell P, Campbell SM, Abeles M, Clark P, Fam AG, Farber SJ, Fiechtner JJ, Franklin CM, Gatter RA, Hamaty D, Lessard J, Lichtbroun AS, Masi AT, McCain GA, Reynolds WJ, Romano TJ, Russell IJ, Sheon RP. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia. Report of the Multicenter Criteria Committee. Arthritis Rheum 1990 33: 160-172
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Zautra AJ, Fasman R, Parish BP, Davis MC. Daily fatigue in women with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia. Pain 2007; 128: 128-135
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar