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Maternal warmth buffers the effects of low early-life socioeconomic status on pro-inflammatory signaling in adulthood

Molecular Psychiatry volume 16, pages 729–737 (2011)Cite this article

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Abstract

The notion that family support may buffer individuals under adversity from poor outcomes has been theorized to have important implications for mental and physical health, but little is known about the biological mechanisms that explain these links. We hypothesized that adults who grew up in low socioeconomic status (SES) households but who experienced high levels of maternal warmth would be protected from the pro-inflammatory states typically associated with low SES. A total of 53 healthy adults (aged 25–40 years) low in SES early in life were assessed on markers of immune activation and systemic inflammation. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling also was conducted. Low early-life SES individuals who had mothers, who expressed high warmth toward them, exhibited less Toll-like receptor-stimulated production of interleukin 6, and reduced bioinformatic indications of pro-inflammatory transcription factor activity (NF-κB) and immune activating transcription factor activity (AP-1) compared to those who were low in SES early in life but experienced low maternal warmth. To the extent that such effects are causal, they suggest the possibility that the detrimental immunologic effects of low early-life SES environments may be partly diminished through supportive family climates.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by NIH Grants HD058502, CA116778, and AG107265; BC Ministry of Child and Family Development through the Human Early Learning Partnership; and the Allergy, Genes, & Environment Research Network.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    E Chen & G E Miller

  2. Centre for Molecular Medicine & Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    M S Kobor

  3. Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    M S Kobor

  4. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    S W Cole

  5. UCLA AIDS Institute, Molecular Biology Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    S W Cole

  6. UCLA Norman Cousins Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    S W Cole

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Correspondence to E Chen.

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Chen, E., Miller, G., Kobor, M. et al. Maternal warmth buffers the effects of low early-life socioeconomic status on pro-inflammatory signaling in adulthood. Mol Psychiatry 16, 729–737 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2010.53

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