The Big Five Personality Dimensions, Work-Family Conflict, and Psychological Distress
A Longitudinal View
Abstract
Abstract. The Big Five personality dimensions were examined as possible risk, resource, vulnerability, or protective factors in the link between work-family conflict and psychological distress. Data were derived for 75 men and 80 women from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS), in which the NEO Personality Inventory was completed at age 33, and work-family conflict and psychological distress were assessed at age 36. Neuroticism was positively linked to work-to-family conflict (WFC), family-to-work (FWC) conflict, and psychological distress in both genders. Neuroticism was also a moderator strengthening the link between WFC and psychological distress in women. Openness to Experience was positively linked to FWC in men, and Agreeableness was negatively linked to psychological distress in both genders.
References
(2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 278–308
(2001). Women, men, work, and family. American Psychologist, 56, 781–796
(1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238–246
(1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588–606
(1995). A framework for studying personality in the stress process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 890–902
(2001). Personality and coping. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 317–327
(2003). The relationship between Big Five personality traits, negative affectivity, type A behavior, and work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 457–472
(1999). Personality and role variables as predictors of three forms of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 55, 236–253
(2000). Construction and validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56, 249–276
(1985). The NEO Personality Inventory manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources
(1996). Personality and coping: A reconceptualization. In M. Zeidner & N.S. Endler (Eds.), Handbook of coping: Theory, research, applications (pp. 44-61). New York: Wiley
(2001). Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: Robust and surprising findings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 322–331
(1999). Coping efforts in daily life: Role of Big Five traits and problem appraisals. Journal of Personality, 67, 265–294
(1990). Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 417–440
(2005). Work and family research in IO/OB: Content analysis and review of the literature (1980-2002). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 124–197
(1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work- family conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 65–78
(2003). Work-family balance. In J.C. Quick & L.E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp. 143-162). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
(1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford: Oxford University Press
(2004). Gender differences in depression: The role of personality factors. Psychiatry Research, 126, 135–142
(1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10, 76–88
(1999). Research on work, family, and gender. In G.N. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender and work, (pp. 391-412). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
(2000). Reconceptualizing the work-family interface: An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 111–126
(1998). Measuring job stressors and strains: Where we have been, where we are, and where we need to go. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3, 368–389
(1996a). LISREL 8: User's reference guide. Chicago: Scientific Software International
(1996b). LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Chicago: Scientific Software International
(1998). Using LISREL for structural equation modeling: A researcher's guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
(2003). Work-family conflict and its relations to well-being: The role of personality as a moderating factor. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1669–1683
(1990). Personality in adulthood. New York: Guilford Press
(1992). An introduction to the Five-Factor Model and its applications. Journal of Personality, 60, 175–215
(1991). Adding Liebe und Arbeit: The full five-factor model and well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 227–232
(1969). Psychological statistics. New York: Wiley
(in press). Convergence between measures of work-to-family and family-to-work conflict: A meta-analytic examination. Journal of Vocational Behavior,
(2003). Work- and family-related variables, work-family conflict and women's well-being: Some observations. Community, Work, and Family, 6, 297–319
(2002). Association among the Big Five, emotional responses, and coping with acute stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 1215–1228
(2004). The limitations of extracting typologies from trait measures of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 779–787
(1982). Self-control and continuity from childhood to late adolescence. In P.B. Baltes & O.G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (pp. 63-105). Orlando, FL: Academic Press
Ed. (1996). Lapsesta aikuiseksi. [From child to adult]. Jyväskylä: Atena
(1998). Levels of longitudinal data differing in complexity and the study of continuity in personality characteristics. In R.B. Cairs, L.R. Bergman, & J. Kagan (Eds.), Methods and models for studying the individual. Essays in honor of Marian Rake-Yarrow (pp. 161-184). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
(1995). A Big Five personality inventory in two non-Indo-European languages. European Journal of Personality, 9, 109–124
(1996). The interactional context of problem-, emotion- and relationship-focused coping: The role of the big five personality factors. Journal of Personality, 64, 775–813
(1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 173–180
(2002). Negative affectivity, role stress, and work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 1–16
(1998). Personality and vocational behavior: A selective review of literature, 1993-1997. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 53, 115–153
(2002). Linkages between the work-family interface and work, family, and individual outcomes. Journal of Family Issues, 23, 138–164
(1992). On traits and temperament: General and specific factors of emotional experience and their relation to the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality, 60, 441–476
(1996). Adaptational style and dispositional structure: Coping in the context of the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality, 64, 737–774
(2004). Considering the role of personality in the work-family experience: Relationships of the Big Five to work-family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 108–130
(1997). Personality structure: The return of the Big Five. In R. Hogan, & J.A. Johnson (Eds.), Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 737-765). San Diego, CA: Academic Press