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Originalia

Die Prävalenz psychischer Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen unter Berücksichtigung soziodemografischer Merkmale

Published Online:November 26, 2007https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443.36.4.270

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die Bedeutung soziodemografischer Merkmale für die Prävalenz psychischer Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Fragestellung und Methode: Es werden Zusammenhänge zwischen der Prävalenz psychischer Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen und soziodemografischen Merkmalen auf der Basis epidemiologischer Studien des Zeitraumes 1987 bis 2004 analysiert. Ergebnisse: Die mittlere Periodenprävalenz beträgt ohne Berücksichtigung der Funktionstüchtigkeit 22 Prozent und mit Berücksichtigung der Funktionstüchtigkeit 16 Prozent. Bei Jungen wurden im Kindesalter und nur teilweise im Jugendalter höhere Prävalenzraten gefunden. Weibliche Jugendliche weisen insgesamt höhere Gesamtprävalenzraten auf als männliche Jugendliche. Im jungen Erwachsenenalter vollzieht sich eine Wiederangleichung der Prävalenzen. Tendenziell besteht in einigen Studien eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit für psychische Störungen in tiefen Sozialschichten. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Forschung sollte neben der Erforschung von Prävalenzen und Risikofaktoren den Fokus vermehrt auf einheitlichere Untersuchungsstandards richten.


Impact of socio-demographic characteristics on prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Review and research needed

Abstract.Background: Impact of socio-demographic characteristics on prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Objectives and methods: Based on epidemiological studies published between 1987 and 2004, this review analyzes associations between the prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents and socio-demographic characteristics. Results: The mean period prevalence without considering global psychosocial functioning amounts to 22%; this declines to 16% when deficits in global psychosocial functioning are taken into account. Prevalence rates are higher in males than in females during childhood, and in some studies also in adolescence. Prevalence rates in female adolescents, are higher than in male adolescents. In young adulthood, prevalence rates tend to become more similar again. Some studies tend to show a higher probability of mental disorders in subjects of lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Besides the assessment of prevalence rates and their associations with risk factors, future research should focus more on more homogenous standards of assessment.

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