Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Psychopathie ist ein Persönlichkeitskonstrukt, für dessen Messung noch kein deutschsprachiges Selbstbeurteilungsmaß vorliegt. Das Psychopathy Personality Inventory (Lilienfeld & Andrews, 1996) ist ein reliables und valides Maß, das im englischen Sprachraum breite Verwendung findet. Fragestellung: Entspricht die deutsche Übersetzung des PPI den üblichen Gütekriterien? Methode: Unsere deutsche Übersetzung wurde an einer studentischen Stichprobe (n = 352) zum einen durch einen Vergleich der Faktorenstrukturen und zum anderen durch Reliabilitäts- und Trennschärfenanalysen auf Messgenauigkeit untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Faktorenstruktur des Originals konnte fast vollständig repliziert werden. Demnach ergaben sich neun Faktoren entsprechend der Originalskalen: Schuld-Externalisierung, Rebellische Risikofreude, Stressimmunität, Sozialer Einfluss, Kaltherzigkeit, Machiavellistischer Egoismus, Sorglose Planlosigkeit, Furchtlosigkeit und Unaufrichtige Beantwortung. Die Reliabilitäts- und Trennschärfenanalysen ergaben für fast alle Items eine hohe Testgüte und eine hohe Gesamtreliabilität. Darüber hinaus zeigte sich die konkurrente Validität anhand signifikanter Unterschiede zwischen einer forensischen Stichprobe (n = 57) und der studentischen Stichprobe. Schlussfolgerungen: Damit stellt die deutsche Version des PPI eine valide und reliable Möglichkeit dar, Psychopathie mit Hilfe eines Selbstbeurteilungsmaßes zu messen.
Abstract.Background: There is no German-language self-report instrument for the personality construct “psychopathy”. The Psychopathy Personality Inventory (PPI) (Lilienfeld & Andrews, 1996) is a reliable and valid self-report instrument which is widely used. Objective: Does the German version of the PPI fit the usual criteria for test construction? Method: We examined our German version in a student sample (n = 352) using a factor analysis. Furthermore, we examined the translation’s measurement accuracy by calculating the items’ reliability and discriminative power. Results: The nine factors were found to correspond well with those of the original subscales: blame externalization, rebellious risk taking, stress immunity, social influence, cold-heartedness, machiavellistic egocentricity, carefree nonplanfulness, fearlessness, and devious responding. The reliability and discriminative power were high for almost all items and the total score. Moreover, the concurrent validity was confirmed by the significant differences between the student sample and a forensic sample (n = 57). Conclusions: In sum, the German version of the Psychopathy Personality Inventory is a valid and reliable self-report measure of psychopathy.
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