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Originalia

Der Einfluss von Anreizen auf die Rekrutierung von Eltern und auf die Effektivität eines präventiven Elterntrainings

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443.35.2.97

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Es gibt kaum theoretische Modelle darüber, wie Eltern am besten für die Teilnahme an Präventionsangeboten zu gewinnen wären. Fragestellung: Wirken sich unterschiedliche Anreize auf die Teilnahme an einem kognitiv-behavioralen Elterntraining aus? Haben die Anreize Auswirkung auf die Wirksamkeit des Programms? Methode: Hundertsiebenundneunzig Eltern aus 15 Kindertagesstätten in sozial benachteiligten Stadtgebieten nahmen an dem Training teil, nachdem ihre Kita randomisiert einer der vier nachfolgenden Bedingungen zugewiesen wurde: Training einzeln/unbezahlt, Training einzeln/bezahlt, Training in Gruppe/unbezahlt, Training in Gruppe/bezahlt. Ergebnisse: Es zeigte sich, dass (1) das Elterntraining auch in einer sozial benachteiligten Umgebung deutliche Effekte hervorrief, und (2) die beiden Anreizbedingungen auf Teilnahme und Wirksamkeit differenziell Einfluss nahmen. Während Bezahlung (nicht so das Setting) die Teilnahmebereitschaft von Eltern deutlich erhöhte, wirkte sich das Setting auf die Wirksamkeit aus: Im Einzeltraining veränderte sich das Erziehungsverhalten stärker als im Gruppentraining. In allen anderen untersuchten Bereichen gab es keine Unterschiede in der Wirksamkeit in Abhängigkeit von den Rekrutierungsstrategien. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Ergebnisse unterstützen die Empfehlung, Eltern aus sozial benachteiligten Gebieten für die Teilnahme an präventiven Programmen zu bezahlen, da (1) ein größerer Teil der fokussierten Population erreicht wird und (2) die Bezahlung keine nachteilige Auswirkung auf die kurzfristige Effektivität zeigt.


The effect of incentires on recruitment of parents and effectiveness of preventive parent training

Abstract.Background: There are only few theoretical models focusing on how to successfully engage parents in preventive programs. Research Questions: Do different incentives have an impact on participation in a cognitive-behavioral parent training? Do the incentives have an influence on the effectiveness of the treatment? Method: Hundred-and-ninety-seven parents from 15 preschools located in socially disadvantaged neighborhoods participated in the program after they were randomized to one of four conditions (individual/unpaid, individual/paid, group/unpaid, and group/paid). Results: It was shown that (1) the parent training was also effective in a socially disadvantaged community context, and (2) the two incentives had a differential impact on participation and outcome. While payment (in contrast to the setting) led to an increase in participation, the setting impacted the effectiveness: individual training resulted in stronger changes of parenting than group training did. No further differences in outcome were found dependent upon the recruitment strategies. Conclusion: These results support the recommendation to pay parents from a socially disadvantaged neighborhood for participation in a preventive program, because (1) a larger part of the targeted population is reached and (2) the payment did not affect the short-term outcome negatively.

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