Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Ansätzen, in denen das Gehirn als abstrakter Informationsprozessor gesehen wurde, gehen aktuelle Theorien davon aus, dass unsere Repräsentationen von Objekten und Ereignissen in einem engen Zusammenhang mit den damit verbundenen Handlungsmöglichkeiten stehen (sog. „embodied cognition”). Unsere Kognitionen, d. h. wie wir Objekte oder auch Ereignisse in der Umwelt repräsentieren, hängen demnach von den eigenen Handlungserfahrungen ab. Das Ziel dieses Übersichtsartikels besteht darin, aktuelle Ergebnisse sowohl aus der verhaltens- als auch der neurowissenschaftlichen Forschung zu dokumentieren. Diese zeigen, dass sensomotorische Erfahrungen die Kognitionen beeinflussen. Bewegungserfahrung spielt deshalb eine zentrale Rolle innerhalb des „embodied cognition Ansatzes”. Aus diesem Grund erscheint es sinnvoll, dass Forscher aus den Bereichen der Kognitions- und Neurowissenschaften sowie der Sportpsychologie und Motorikforschung zusammenarbeiten, um die Theorien zu „embodied cognition” weiter voran zu bringen.
Abstract. In contrast to traditional views of the mind as an abstract information processor, recent theories of embodied cognition suggest that our representations of objects and events are grounded in action. In this review, we document recent behavioral and neuropsychological evidence in support of an embodied viewpoint and we argue that sensorimotor experience plays a pivotal role in the embodied cognition framework. As such, not only can cognitive science and cognitive neuroscience work inform sport psychology theory and research, but sport psychology (and motor skills expertise research in particular) is imperative for advancing theories of embodied cognition as well.
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