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Übersichtsarbeit

Psychodiagnostische Verfahren zur Erfassung autistischer Störungen

Published Online:September 01, 2006https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917.33.1.5

Abstract

Zusammenfassung:Fragestellung: Es wird eine Übersicht zu international gängigen und in deutscher Sprache erhältlichen Instrumenten zur Früherkennung und allgemeinen Diagnostik autistischer Störungen gegeben. Methodik: Alle bis Mai 2004 mittels Medline, PsychInfo, Psyndex und Google identifizierten Fragebogen, Beobachtungsskalen und diagnostischen Interviews zum Autismus und zu assoziierten Störungen werden zitiert und ferner für den deutschen Sprachraum adaptierte und entwickelte Verfahren genauer vorgestellt. Ergebnisse: Eine steigende Anzahl zuverlässiger Skalen zur Erfassung von Störungen des autistischen Spektrums ist international und national verfügbar. Derzeit gilt eine Kombination von Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) und Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) als Standard der psychometrisch basierten Autismusdiagnostik. Schlussfolgerungen: Für einige diagnostische Kategorien und Fragestellungen besteht weiterhin ein gewisser Bedarf an Verfahren in deutscher Sprache. Insbesondere Skalen zur Messung des breiteren Phänotyps des Autismus sowie stärker veränderungssensitive Instrumente zur Erfassung des Verlaufs und von Therapieeffekten sind wünschenswert. Schlüsselwörter: Autismus, Diagnostik, Früherkennung, Fragebogen, Ratingskalen, Interviews


Psychodiagnostic Instruments for the Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Summary:Objectives: Established scales for the early detection and general diagnostics of autism will be reviewed with a focus on the instruments available in German. Methods: All questionnaires, observation scales and interviews for the assessment of autism and associated conditions found in a search of Medline, PsychInfo, Psyndex and Google up to May 2004 are quoted. Instruments adapted and developed for the German-speaking countries are presented in more depth. Results: An increasing number of reliable national and international scales for the assessment of disorders of the autism spectrum are available. Currently a combination of the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is regarded as the standard for a psychometrically based diagnosis of autism. Conclusions: For certain diagnostic groups and issues there continues to be a need for German-language instruments. Particularly scales for the assessment of the broader phenotype of autism, as well as instruments that are more sensitive to change would be desirable for outcome measurement and intervention evaluation.

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