Skip to main content
Log in

Overcoming Barriers to Collaboration Between Basic Behavioral Scientists and Public Health Scientists in Research on Mental Disorders

  • Published:
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The behavioral and public health sciences both have a long and rich history supporting basic, translational, and applied research aimed at improving human lives and reducing human suffering. Through the complementary expertise of these disciplines, investigators have contributed to significant, worldwide improvements in mental and physical health. Further gains can be achieved through collaborative research among scientists in these 2 fields. Unfortunately, there are a number of barriers to such collaboration originating in different intellectual traditions, research methods, and the structure and values of academia. We identify these barriers and potential strategies for overcoming them. Several areas for future collaborative research appear promising, especially comorbid mental and physical disorders, adherence to interventions, stigma, and emotional processes. Theory-guided preventive interventions may represent especially fertile areas of collaborative effort.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. (1993, April). Depression guideline panel: Depression in primary care. (Vol. 1, Publication no. 93-0550).

  • Bierman, K. L. (1997). Implementing a comprehensive program for the prevention of conduct problems in rural communities: The Fast Track experience. The Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group. American Journal of Community Psychology, 25493–514.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borowsky, S. J., Rubenstein, L. V., Meredith, L. S., Camp, P., Jackson-Triche, M., & Wells, K.B. (2000). Who is at risk of non detection of mental health problems in primary care? Journal of General Internal Medicine, 15, 381–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brookhart, S. (2000). Translational research at NIMH: Behavioral science's golden spike. American Psychological Society Observer, 136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buck, R. (1994). Social and emotional functions in facial expression and communication: The readout hypothesis. Biological Psychology, 38, 95–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, G. N., Hawkins, W., Murphy, M., & Sheeber, L.(1995). Targeted prevention of unipolar depressive disorder in an at-risk sample of high school adolescents:Arandomized trial of group cognitive intervention. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 312–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conti, D. J., & Burton, W. N. (1994). The economic impact of depression in a workplace. Journal of Occupational Medicine, 36, 983–988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper-Patrick, L., Crum, R. M., Pratt, L. A., Eaton, W.W., & Ford, D. E. (1999). The psychiatric profile of patients with chronic diseases who do not receive regular medical care. International Journal of Psychiatry and Medicine, 29, 165–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corrigan, P. W. (2000). Mental health stigma as social attribution: Implications for research methods and attitude change. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 7, 48–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corrigan, P.W., & Penn, D. L. (1999). Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma. American Psychologist, 54765–776.

    Google Scholar 

  • Covinsky, K. E., Kahan, E., Chin, M. H., Palmer, R. M., Fortinsky, R. H., & Landefeld, C. S. (1999). Depressive symptoms and 3-year mortality in older hospitalized medical patients. Annals of Internal Medicine, 130, 563–569.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, J. C., Thompson, R., Klinkman, M. S., & Nease, D. E. Jr. (2002). Emotional disorders in primary care. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 798–809.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cronin-Stubbs, D., Mendes de Leon, C. F., Beckett, L. A., Field, T. S., Glynn, R. J., & Evans, D. A. (2000). Six-year effect of depressive symptoms on the course of physical disability in community-living older adults. Archives of Internal Medicine, 1603074–3080.

    Google Scholar 

  • DiMatteo, M. R., Lepper, H. S., & Croghan, T.W. (2000). Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with medical treatment. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160, 2101–2107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekman, P. (1994). All emotions are basic. In P. Ekman & R. J. Davidson (Eds.), The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions (pp. 15–19). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1978). The Facial Action Coding System. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychological Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, D. E. (2000). Managing patients with depression: Is primary care up to the challenge? Journal of General Internal Medicine, 15344–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, D. E., Mead, L. A., Chang, P. P., Cooper-Patrick, L., Wang, N. Y., & Klag, M. J. (1998). Depression is a risk factor for coronary artery disease in men. Archives of Internal Medicine, 1581422–1426.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., Prince, R. H., Verrier, P., Garber, R. A., Juneau, M., et al. (1997). Randomised trial of homebased psychosocial nursing intervention for patients recovering from myocardial infarction. Lancet, 350, 473–479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., & Talajic, M. (1995). Depression and 18-month prognosis after myocardial infarction. Circulation, 91999–1005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freed, C. R., Greene, P. E., Breeze, R. E., Tsai, W. Y., DuMouchel, W., Kao, R., et al. (2001). Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons for severe Parkinson's Disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 344, 710–719.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, L. S., Nielsen, N. H., & Champion, H. C. (1999). Awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of depression. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 14, 569–580.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graber, M. A., Bergus, G., Dawson, J. D., Wood, B., Levy, B. T., & Levin, I. (2000). Effect of a patient's psychiatric history on physicians' estimation of probability of disease. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 13, 77–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, P. E., Stiglin, L. E., Finkelstein, S. N., & Berndt, E. R. (1993). The economic burden of depression in 1990. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 54, 405–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R.W. (1993). Emotional suppression: Physiology, self-report, and expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 970–986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hays, R.D., Wells, K. B., Sherbourne, C.D., Rogers, W., & Spritzer, K. (1995). Functioning and well-being outcomes of patients with depression compared with chronic general medical illnesses. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 11–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hohmann, A. (1999). A contextual model for clinical mental health effectiveness research. Mental Health Services Research, 1(2), 83–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine. (1994). Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katon, W., Rutter, C., Ludman, E. J., VonKorff, M., Lin, E., Simon, G., et al. (2001). A randomized trial of relapse prevention of depression in primary care. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 241–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keltner, D., & Kring, A. M. (1998). Emotion, social function, and psychopathology. Review of General Psychology, 2, 320–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Zhao, S., Nelson, C. B., Hughes, M., Eshleman, S., et al. (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 8–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M. (2000, November 29‐30). Research on mental disorders: Overcoming barriers to collaborations between basic behavioral scientists and public health scientists. Presentation at the National Institute of Mental Health conference, Bethesda, MD.

  • Kring, A.M. (2001). Emotion and psychopathology. In T. J. Mayne & G. Bonanno (Eds.), Emotion: Current issues and future directions (pp. 337–360). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M., & Bachorowski, J. A. (1999). Emotion and psychopathology. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 575–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M., & Earnst, K. S. (2003). Nonverbal behavior in schizophrenia. In P. Phillipot, E. Coats, & R. S. Feldman (Eds.), Nonverbal behavior in clinical settings. Oxford University Press, London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M., Kerr, S. L., & Earnst, K. S. (1999). Schizophrenic patients show facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychophysiology, 36, 186–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M., Kerr, S., Smith, D. A., & Neale, J. M. (1993). Flat affect in schizophrenia does not reflect diminished subjective experience of emotion. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 507–517.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M., & Neale, J. M. (1996). Do schizophrenic patients show a disjunctive relationship among expressive, experiential, and psychophysiological components of emotion? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 249–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kring, A. M., & Sloan, D. (1991). The Facial Expression Coding System (FACES): A Users Guide. Unpublished Manuscript. Kring, A. M., Triesch, S., Germans, M. K., Putnam, K. M., & Neale, J. M. (under review). Heightened electrodermal activity to emotional stimuli in schizophrenia: Boundaries and speci-ficity. Manuscript submitted for publication.

  • Larsen, R. J., & Diener, E. (1992). Promises and problems with the circumplex model of emotion. Review of Personality and Social Psychology, 13, 25–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levenson, R. W. (1992). Autonomic nervous system differences among emotions. Psychological Science, 3, 23–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levinson, W., Gorawara-Bhat, R., & Lamb, J. (2000). A study of patient clues and physician responses in primary care and surgical settings. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2841021–1027.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, D. (1999, January 19). Data from the Framingham Heart Study. Washington Post Health Section, p. 5.

  • Link, B.G., Phelan, J.C., Bresnahan, M., Stueve, A., & Pescosolido, B. A. (1999). Public conceptions of mental illness: Labels, causes, dangerousness, and social distance. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 1328–1333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lyness, J. M., Caine, E. D., King, D. A., Cox, C., & Yoediono, Z. (1999). Psychiatric disorders in older primary care patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 14, 249–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, T., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Huang, K., Burgard, D., Wright, A., & Hanson, K. (1997). Are two interventions worse than none? Joint primary and secondary prevention of eating disorders in college females. Health Psychology, 16, 215–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muehrer, P., & Koretz, D. (1992). Issues in preventive intervention research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 1–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, C. J. L., & Lopez, A. D. (Eds.) (1996). The Global Burden of Disease: A comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Boston: Harvard School of Public Health, World Health Organization, and World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Musselman, D. L., & Nemeroff, C.B. (2000). Depression really does hurt your heart: Stress, depression, and cardiovascular disease. Progress in Brain Research, 122, 43–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myin-Germeys, I., Delespaul, P. A. E. G., & deVries, M. (2000). Schizophrenia patients are more emotionally active than is assumed by their behavior. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 26, 847–854.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Advisory Mental Health Council Workgroup on Mental Disorders Prevention Research. (1998). Priorities for Prevention Research at NIMH (NIH Publication No. 98-4321). Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neugebauer, R. (1999). Mind matters: The importance of mental disorders in public health's 21st century mission. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 1309–1311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Overholser, J. C., Hemstreet, A. H., Spirito, A., & Vyse, S. (1989). Suicide awareness programs in the schools: Effects of gender and personal experience. Journal of the Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 925–930.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, S. D., Katzelnick, D. J., Simon, G. E., Manning, W. G., Helsta, C. P., & Henk, H. J. (1999). Depression among high utilizers of medical care. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 14461–468.

    Google Scholar 

  • Penninx, B. W. J. H., Beekman, A. T. F., Honig, A., Deeg, D. J. H., Schoevers, R. A., van Eijk, J. T. M., et al. (2001). Depression and cardiac mortality: Results from a community-based longitudinal study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 221–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pescosolido, B. A., Monahan, J., Link, B. G., Stueve, A., & Kikuzawa, S. (1999). The public's view of the competence, dangerousness, and need for legal coercion of persons with mental health problems. American Journal of Public Health, 891339–1345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirkis, J., & Burgess, P. (1998). Suicide and recency of health care contacts: A systematic review. British Journal of Psychiatry, 173462–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prohaska, T. (2000). Research on mental disorders: Overcoming barriers to collaborations between basic behavioral scientists and public health scientists. Presentation at the National Institute of Mental Health conference, Bethesda, MD.

  • Rabins, P., Black, B., Roca, R., German, P., McGuire, M., Robbins, B., et al. (2000). Effectiveness of a nurse-based outreach program for identifying and treating psychiatric illness in the elderly. JAMA, 283(21), 2802–2809.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regier, D. A., Narrow, W., Rae, D., Manderscheid, R. W., Locke, B. Z., & Goodwin, F. K. (1993). The defacto U.S. mental and addictive disorders service system: Epidemiologic Catchment Area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 85–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roter, D. L., Stewart, M., Putnam, S. M., Lipkin, M., Stiles, W., & Inui, T. S. (1997). Communication patterns of primary care physicians. JAMA, 277, 350–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozensky, R. H. (2000, November 29‐30). Research on mental disorders: Overcoming barriers to collaborations between basic behavioral scientists and public health scientists. Presentation at the National Institute of Mental Health conference, Bethesda, MD.

  • Salem, J. E., & Kring, A. M. (1999). Flat affect and social skills in schizophrenia: Evidence for their independence. Psychiatry Research, 87, 159–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salovey, P. (2000, November 29‐30). Research on mental disorders: Overcoming barriers to collaborations between basic behavioral scientists and public health scientists. Presentation at the National Institute of Mental Health conference, Bethesda, MD.

  • Schroeder, S. A. (2001, March 26). Depression and General Medicine. The unwanted cotraveler: Depression's toll on other illnesses. Presentation at the National Institute of Mental Health Forum, Pittsburgh, PA.

  • Schulberg, H. C., Block, M. R., Madonia, M. J., Scott, C. P., Rodriguez, E., Imber, S. D., Perel, J., Lave, J., & Houck, P. R. (1996). Treating major depression in primary care practice. Eight month clinical outcomes. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53913–919.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulberg, H. C., & Burns, B. J. (1988). Mental disorders in primary care: Epidemiologic, diagnostic, and treatment research directions. General Hospital Psychiatry, 10, 79–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R., Martire, L. M., Beach, S. R., & Scheier, M. F. (2000). Depression and mortality in the elderly. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9, 204–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sears, S. F., Danda, C. E., & Evans, G. E. (1999). PRIME-MD and rural primary care: Detecting depression in a low-income rural population. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30357–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sears, S. F., Evans, G. D., Craven, S., Kortenkamp, S., & Campbell, E. (1996, May). A behavioral needs survey: Ratings from cooperative extension agents in rural North Florida. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the National Rural Health Association, Minneapolis, MN.

  • Sears, S. F., Evans, G. D., & Perry, N. W. (1998). Innovations in training: The University of Florida Rural Psychology Program. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 29, 504–507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, S., Skinner, E. A., Kessler, L.G., et al. (1984). Utilization of health and mental health services: Three epidemiologic catchment area sites. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 971–978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shelton, R. C., & Tomarken, A. J. (2001). Can recovery from depression be achieved? Psychiatric Services, 52, 1469–1478.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simonsick, E. M., Wallace, R. B., Blazer, D. G., & Berkman, L. F. (1995). Depressive symptomatology and hypertension associated morbidity and mortality in older adults. Psychosomatic Medicine, 57, 427–435.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoits, P. A. (1985). Self-labeling processes in mental illness: The role of emotional deviance. American Journal of Sociology, 92, 221–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ustun, T. B. (1999). The global burden of mental disorders. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 1315–1318.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vieland, V., Whittle, B., Garland, A., Hicks, R., & Shaffer, D. (1991). The impact of curriculum-based suicide prevention programs for teenagers: An18-month follow-up. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 811–815.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vinokur, A. D., Schul, Y., Vuori, J., & Price, R. H. (2000). Two years after a job loss: Long-term impact of the JOBS program on reemployment and mental health. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 532–547.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahl, O. (1999). Mental health consumer's experience of stigma. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 25, 467–478.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, P. S., Bergland, P., & Kessler, R. C. (2000). Recent care of common mental disorders in the United States. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 15, 284–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Carey, G. (1988). Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 346–353.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief meassures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 541063–1070.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whooley, M. A., Avins, A. L., Miranda, J., & Browner, W. S. (1997). Case-finding instruments for depression: Two questions are as good as many. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 12, 439–445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whooley, M. A., & Browner, W. S. (1998). Association between depressive symptoms and mortality in older women. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158, 2129–2135.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter R. Muehrer.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Muehrer, P.R., Salovey, P., Afifi, A.A. et al. Overcoming Barriers to Collaboration Between Basic Behavioral Scientists and Public Health Scientists in Research on Mental Disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 9, 253–265 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020758416171

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020758416171

Navigation