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Parental depression and child cognitive vulnerability predict children's cortisol reactivity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 November 2014

Elizabeth P. Hayden ,
Benjamin L. Hankin ,
Sarah V. M. Mackrell ,
Haroon I. Sheikh ,
Patricia L. Jordan ,
David J. A. Dozois ,
Shiva M. Singh ,
Thomas M. Olino  and
Lisa S. Badanes
Elizabeth P. Hayden*
Affiliation:
Western University
Benjamin L. Hankin*
Affiliation:
University of Denver
Sarah V. M. Mackrell
Affiliation:
Western University
Haroon I. Sheikh
Affiliation:
Western University
Patricia L. Jordan
Affiliation:
Western University
David J. A. Dozois
Affiliation:
Western University
Shiva M. Singh
Affiliation:
Western University
Thomas M. Olino
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Lisa S. Badanes
Affiliation:
Metropolitan State University of Denver
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Elizabeth P. Hayden, Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; E-mail: ehayden@uwo.ca; or Benjamin L. Hankin, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO 80208; E-mail: ben.hankin@psy.du.edu.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Elizabeth P. Hayden, Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; E-mail: ehayden@uwo.ca; or Benjamin L. Hankin, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO 80208; E-mail: ben.hankin@psy.du.edu.
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Abstract

Risk for depression is expressed across multiple levels of analysis. For example, parental depression and cognitive vulnerability are known markers of depression risk, but no study has examined their interactive effects on children's cortisol reactivity, a likely mediator of early depression risk. We examined relations across these different levels of vulnerability using cross-sectional and longitudinal methods in two community samples of children. Children were assessed for cognitive vulnerability using self-reports (Study 1; n = 244) and tasks tapping memory and attentional bias (Study 2; n = 205), and their parents were assessed for depression history using structured clinical interviews. In both samples, children participated in standardized stress tasks and cortisol reactivity was assessed. Cross-sectionally and longitudinally, parental depression history and child cognitive vulnerability interacted to predict children's cortisol reactivity; associations between parent depression and elevated child cortisol activity were found when children also showed elevated depressotypic attributions as well as attentional and memory biases. Findings indicate that models of children's emerging depression risk may benefit from the examination of the interactive effects of multiple sources of vulnerability across levels of analysis.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 26 , Special Issue 4pt2: Multilevel Developmental Perspectives Toward Understanding Internalizing Psychopathology: Current Research and Future Directions , November 2014 , pp. 1445 - 1460
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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