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The Clinical Utility and Specificity of Parent Report of Executive Function among Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2014

Tanya T. Nguyen ,
Leila Glass ,
Claire D. Coles ,
Julie A. Kable ,
Philip A. May ,
Wendy O. Kalberg ,
Elizabeth R. Sowell ,
Kenneth L. Jones ,
Edward P. Riley  and
Sarah N. Mattson
...Show all authors
Tanya T. Nguyen
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Teratology, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
Leila Glass
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Teratology, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
Claire D. Coles
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
Julie A. Kable
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
Philip A. May
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Nutrition Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Wendy O. Kalberg
Affiliation:
Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse and Addictions, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Elizabeth R. Sowell
Affiliation:
Developmental Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California Division of Research on Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Kenneth L. Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California.
Edward P. Riley
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Teratology, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
Sarah N. Mattson*
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Teratology, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Sarah N. Mattson, 6330 Alvarado Court, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92120. E-mail: sarah.mattson@sdsu.edu
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Abstract

Prenatal alcohol exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) result in behavioral issues related to poor executive function (EF). This overlap may hinder clinical identification of alcohol-exposed children. This study examined the relation between parent and neuropsychological measures of EF and whether parent ratings aid in differential diagnosis. Neuropsychological measures of EF, including the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS), were administered to four groups of children (8–16 years): alcohol-exposed with ADHD (AE+, n=80), alcohol-exposed without ADHD (AE−, n=36), non-exposed with ADHD (ADHD, n=93), and controls (CON, n=167). Primary caregivers completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). For parent ratings, multivariate analyses of variance revealed main effects of Exposure and ADHD and an interaction between these factors, with significant differences between all groups on nearly all BRIEF scales. For neuropsychological measures, results indicated main effects of Exposure and ADHD, but no interaction. Discriminant function analysis indicated the BRIEF accurately classifies groups. These findings confirm compounded behavioral, but not neuropsychological, effects in the AE+ group over the other clinical groups. Parent-report was not correlated with neuropsychological performance in the clinical groups and may provide unique information about neurobehavior. Parent-report measures are clinically useful in predicting alcohol exposure regardless of ADHD. Results contribute to a neurobehavioral profile of prenatal alcohol exposure. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–13)

Keywords

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF)Pediatric neuropsychologyParent-reportAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 20 , Supplement 7 , August 2014 , pp. 704 - 716
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2014 

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