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Preterm birth and maternal responsiveness during childhood are associated with brain morphology in adolescence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2010

RICHARD E. FRYE ,
BENJAMIN MALMBERG ,
PAUL SWANK ,
KAREN SMITH  and
SUSAN LANDRY
RICHARD E. FRYE*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
BENJAMIN MALMBERG
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
PAUL SWANK
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
KAREN SMITH
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
SUSAN LANDRY
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Richard E. Frye, MD, PhD, Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and The Children’s Learning Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7000 Fannin – UCT 2478, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail: richard.e.frye@uth.tmc.edu
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Abstract

Although supportive parenting has been shown to have positive effects on development, the neurobiological basis of supportive parenting has not been investigated. Thirty-three adolescents were systemically selected from a longitudinal study on child development based on maternal responsiveness during childhood, a measure of supportive parenting, and whether they were born term or preterm. We analyzed the effect of preterm birth on hemispheric and regional (frontal, temporal, parietal) cortical thickness and surface area using mixed-model analysis while also considering the effect of brain hemisphere (left vs. right). We then determined whether these factors were moderated by maternal responsiveness during childhood. Preterm birth was associated with regional and hemispheric differences in cortical thickness and surface area. Maternal responsiveness during childhood moderated hemispheric cortical thickness. Adolescence with mothers that were inconsistently responsive during childhood demonstrated greater overall cortical thickness and greater asymmetry in cortical thickness during adolescence as compared to adolescence with mothers who were consistently responsive or unresponsive during childhood. Maternal responsiveness and preterm birth did not interact. These data suggest that changes in brain morphology associated with preterm birth continue into adolescence and support the notion that the style of maternal-child interactions during childhood influence brain development into adolescence. (JINS, 2010, 16, 784–794.)

Keywords

Very low birth weightMaternal responsivenessBrain developmentCortical surface areaCortical thicknessSocial development
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 16 , Issue 5 , September 2010 , pp. 784 - 794
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2010

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