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Reducing suicide risk in parentally bereaved youth through promoting effective parenting: testing a developmental cascade model

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2021

Na Zhang Open the ORCID record for Na Zhang [Opens in a new window] ,
Irwin Sandler ,
Jenn-Yun Tein  and
Sharlene Wolchik
Na Zhang*
Affiliation:
Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Stamford, CT, USA
Irwin Sandler
Affiliation:
REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Jenn-Yun Tein
Affiliation:
REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Sharlene Wolchik
Affiliation:
REACH Institute, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
*
Corresponding author. Na Zhang, Email: nazhang@uconn.edu
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Abstract

Children who experience parental death are at increased risk for suicide. The Family Bereavement Program (FBP) is an upstream preventive intervention for parentally bereaved families that was found to reduce suicide risk in parentally bereaved youth up to 6 and 15 years later. We tested whether FBP-induced improvements in effective parenting led to changes in multiple proximal factors that prior theory and research implicated in the cascading pathway to suicide risk, namely, aversive self-views, caregiver connectedness, peer connectedness, complicated grief, depressive symptoms, and emotion suppression. The sample was 244 bereaved youth and their surviving caregiver from 156 families. Families were randomized into the FBP (12 group-based sessions for parents, youth, and two joint sessions) or a literature control condition. Multimethod and multiinformant data were collected at baseline, posttest, 6-year and 15-year follow-up assessments. Results showed that program-induced improvements in effective parenting at posttest were associated with reduced aversive self-views and increased caregiver connectedness at the 6-year follow-up, and each mediator was in turn associated with reduced suicide risk at the 6- and 15-year follow-up. The mediated pathways via aversive self-views remained significant while controlling for caregiver connectedness. Self-related concepts may be important targets in upstream suicide prevention for at-risk youth.

Keywords

bereavementparentingselfsuicidal behaviorsuicide prevention
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , February 2023 , pp. 433 - 446
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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