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A process model linking physiological arousal and fear recognition to aggression via guilt in middle childhood

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2020

Tyler Colasante Open the ORCID record for Tyler Colasante [Opens in a new window] ,
Marc Jambon ,
Xiaoqing Gao  and
Tina Malti
Tyler Colasante*
Affiliation:
Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Marc Jambon
Affiliation:
Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Xiaoqing Gao
Affiliation:
Center for Psychological Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
Tina Malti
Affiliation:
Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
*
Author for Correspondence: Tyler Colasante, Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Rd., Mississauga, ONL5L 1C6; Canada. E-mail: tyler.colasante@mail.utoronto.ca.
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Abstract

Aggression coincides with emotional underarousal in childhood, but we still lack an understanding of how underarousal contributes to aggression. With an ethnically diverse sample of 8-year-olds (N = 150), we tested whether physiological underarousal and lower fear recognition were indirectly associated with heightened aggression through dampened guilt feelings. Caregivers rated children's aggressive behavior. We assessed children's skin conductance (SC) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) while they imagined transgressing norms and measured their fear recognition with a facial morph task. Children reported guilt or lack thereof after hypothetically transgressing. The interaction of decreasing SC and increasing RSA (i.e., physiological underarousal) and poor fear recognition were indirectly associated with higher aggression through their associations with lower guilt. Emotional underarousal may contribute to aggression by disrupting the normative development of guilt. We discuss strategies to improve social-emotional acuity and reduce aggression in children with blunted physiological arousal and fear recognition.

Keywords

aggressionchildhoodfear recognitionguiltrespiratory sinus arrhythmiaskin conductance
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2021 , pp. 109 - 121
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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