Elsevier

Developmental Biology

Volume 417, Issue 2, 15 September 2016, Pages 182-187
Developmental Biology

Microbe-host interactions: Influence of the gut microbiota on the enteric nervous system

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.06.027Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Examines the impact of the gut microbiota on enteric nervous system development function and plasticity.

  • Explores the utility of germ-free mice in the characterisation of microbe-enteric nervous system interactions.

  • Discusses the mechanisms by which the microbiota interacts with the enteric nervous system.

Abstract

The enteric nervous system (ENS), considered a separate branch of the autonomic nervous system, is located throughout the length of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as a series of interconnected ganglionated plexi. Given the proximity of the intestinal microbiota to the ENS, it is perhaps not surprising that the gut microbiota can influence its development and function. However, these interactions are complex and may be either direct or indirect, often involving signalling initiated by microbe-derived components, metabolites or host-derived intermediaries which subsequently affect enteric nerve excitability and GI function. Individual microbes and strains can differentially influence ENS activity and neurochemistry. In this review we will briefly summarise the role of the microbiota on ENS development, and, in some more detail, explore the mechanisms by which the microbiota can influence ENS activity and function.

Keywords

Germfree
Submucosal
Myenteric
Microbiota
Commensal
Probiotic
Plasticity
Development

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